谓语(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,谓语动词的用法,1,What is the,predicate,?,谓语动词是指在句子中充当谓语的动词，用来说明主语的,动作,和,状态,，一般在主语之后。,2,谓语动词包括：,行为动词：及物动词、不及物动词,系动词,情态动词,助动词,3,Transitive Verb&Intransitive Verb,所谓,及物(vt),，就是后面可以直接加宾语的动词，有被动形式,e.g.Hes reading a magazine.,所谓,不及物（vi）,，即动词后不能直接跟,宾语,。若不及物动词后要跟宾语，必须先在其后添加上某个介词，如to,of,at后方可跟上宾语。,e.g.We arrived,at,the railway station at noon.,4,1.,实义动词单独作谓语,Every minute,counts,.,分秒必争。,Many drops,make,a shower.,积少成多。,5,2.,动词短语作谓语,。如：,This morning,he,looked after,his brother at home.,今天上午他在家照顾弟弟。,He,makes full use of,every chance to practise speaking English.,他充分利用每一次机会练习讲英语。,6,Link Verb,作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能,单独,用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，构成,系表结构,说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。,be动词：am,is,are,was,were,etc.,感官动词:smell,sound,taste,etc.,持续动词：keep,remain,stay,etc.,表象动词：seem,appear,look,etc.,变动动词：become,grow,turn,etc.,终止动词：prove，turn out,etc.,7,3.“,连系动词,+,表语”构成谓语,。,The story,is moving,.,这个故事令人感动。A good medicine,tastes bitter,.,良药苦口。,8,It,is important,to take a Chinese course.,参加中文学习班很重要。,His explanation,sounds reasonable,.,他的解释听起来合情合理。,He,remains unsatisfied,.,他依然不满意。,9,情态动词,常见的情态动词有can,may,could,might,should等，所有情态动词后面都接动词原形且无人称和数的变化,分为四类：,只作,情态动词,：must,can(could),may(might),ought,还可作,实义动词need,dare,还可作,助动词,：shall,should,will,would,具有,情态动词特征,：have(has,had)to,used to,10,4.“,情态动词,+,动词原形”构成谓语,。如：,She,can speak,English.,她会讲英语。,Friends,must part,.,天下没有不散的筵席。,11,助动词 Auxiliary verb,助动词一般无实意，,不能单独,作为谓语动词。它们在于帮助构成各种时态，语态，语气、否定和疑问结构等,改为,否定句,时，一般直接在后面加not,改为,一般疑问句,时，直接将助动词提前,12,4.“,助动词,+,动词的某种形式,(,原形、现在分词、过去分词等,)”,构成谓语。,如：,They,will tell,you a lot about China.,他们会告诉你许多有关中国的情况。,She,does like,English.,她的确喜欢英语。,13,He,is reviewing,his lessons.,他在复习功课。,I,have learned,ten English songs.,我已学了十首英文歌了。,The window,was broken,by Tom.,窗户被汤姆弄坏了。,注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。,14,谓语的时态,（以work为例）,时态,一般,进行,完成,完成进行,现在,work(s),am/is/are working,have/has worked,have/has been working,过去,worked,was/were working,had worked,had been working,将来,will/shall work,shall/will be working,shall/will have worked,shall/will have been working,过去将来,should/would work,should/would be working,should/would have worked,should/would have been working,15,谓语的语态,谓语分,主动语态,和,被动语态,。,主动语态,表示谓语的动作或者状态是由,主语,发出的；,被动语态,表示主语是谓语动作的,承受者,。,16,（1）一般现在时的被动语态：,e.g.All the students except Mary,are allowed to,watch TV at home.,(2)一般过去时的被动语态,：,e.g.The old man,was often laughed at,.,(3)一般将来时的被动语态：,e.g.Heart disease,will be reduced,greatly because of this medicine.,17,(4)现在进行时和过去进行时的被动语态：,e.g.The building,is being built,.,The car,was being repaired,when l came in.,(5)现在完成时和过去完成时的被动语态：,e.g.Good habits,have been developed,.,The book,had been translated into,3 languages by 2007.,18,并列谓语,在一个句子中，谓语为一个,并列结构,通常用,and,来连接两个谓语动词。,e.g.My friend,lives in a big house and rides a red bicycle.,l,opened the magazine and began to read it quietly,.,19,Thanks for listening!,20,