名词性从句PPT幻灯片课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,名词性从句,1,从句,形容词性,定语从句,限定性,非限定性,副词性,状语从句,九种,名词性,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,2,名词性从句：一个句子充当主语，宾语，表语，同位语,名词性从句,主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句,3,连接代词,who,whom,whose,which,what,连接副词,how,why,when,where,wh-ever,连接词,that,whether,if,引导名词性从句的引导词,（不充当从句的任何成分,）,(,只能引导宾语从句),4,引导词,1,2,3,that,连接词,两无：无词义；无语法功能,We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation.,连接词,if/whether,一有一无：有词义“是否”；无语法功能,I dont care if he doesnt come.,I dont care whether he comes.,连接代词,which,两有：有词义，“哪一个”；有语法功能。,I can guess which one you would choose.,54,5,连接代词,who/whom/whose,连接代词，两有：有词义,“,谁（的）”；有语法功能,who,在从句中作主语,whom,作宾语,whose,作定语,It hasnt been decided yet who will preside at the meeting.,连接代词,what,两有：有词义（模糊）；有语法功能。,We are worrying about what we should do next.,6,连接副词,where/when/why/how,两有：有词义“在哪儿,/,在什么时候,/,为什么,/,怎么样”；在从句中作状语。,This is where our problem lives.,Tomorrow is when it would be most convenient.,It all depends on how we solve the problem.,wh-+ever,“无论,”,意思,She will give whoever needs help a warm support.,Well make him whatever he is fit for.,Ill give you however much money you need.,6,7,7,_,we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.,I dont know _broke the glass yesterday.,When,who,我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。,我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。,8,I have no idea _ he looks like.,This is _ I left my glasses.,what,where,我不知道他长的什么样子。,这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。,9,1.When we will start is not clear.,2.I wonder whether/if he is fit for the job.,3.The problem is who will be equal to the task.,4.I had no idea that you were her friend.,主语,宾语,表语,同位语,Find out the clause,and tell what kind of clause it is:,10,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：,1.,Can you tell me how many students are there,in your class?,2.I dont know where has he gone.,3.,The owner of the shop came to see what,the matter was.,Can you tell me how many students there are,in your class?,I dont know where he has gone.,The owner of the shop came to see what was,the matter.,规律一：名词性从句中须使用陈述语序！,11,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：,4.We suggested that we would go to the cinema.,5.His recommendation that we went there on foot is acceptable.,His recommendation that we(should)go there,on foot,is acceptable.,规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！,We suggested that we(should)go to the cinema.,12,宾语从句中的虚拟,一个坚持：,insist,两个命令：,order command,三个建议：,suggest advise recommend（propose）,四个要求：,require，request，demand,desire,在同位语从句中，遇到以上动词的名词形式时也要用虚拟,suggestion,advice,recommendation,proposal,should+do,should,可省略,13,He gave me a suggestion that I(should)be calm now.,14,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：,7.If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.,8.It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it.,9.He asked me if I could go with him or not.,Whether,we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.,It depends on,whether,the weather is.,He asked me,whether,I could go with him or not.,规律三：4种情况只能用,whether,，不能用if,：,（1）除宾语从句之外的名词性从句,（2）前面有介词；,（3）与,or not,连用。,（4）在动词不定式之前,10.I dont know if to do it.,whether,15,Fill in the blanks using,whether/if,1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3.Were worried about _ he is safe.4.I dont know _ he is well or not.5.I dont know _ or not he is well.6.The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8.I dont know _ to go.,9.I didnt know _to laugh or to cry.,10._ you are not free tomorrow,Ill go without you.,if/whether,Whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,If,如果，只用,if,16,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：,11.I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.,12.That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting.,it,It,规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况,下可以借助,“,it,”,而后置。,17,1,用,it,作形式主语，,主语从句,放在句末。,(1),It be,名词 从句,It is a fact that,It is an honor that It is common knowledge that,事实是,非常荣幸,是常识,(2),It be,形容词 从句,It is natural that It is strange that,很自然,奇怪的是,另外还有,no wonder,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,等,It is no surprise that our team has won the game.,It is a pity that we cant go.,另外还有，,certain,obvious,true,good,wonderful,funny,possible,probable,important,necessary,等。,It is certain that she will do well in the final exam.,It is probable that Jack has told her everything,18,(4),It be,过去分词 从句,It is reported that It has been proved that It is said that,据报道,已证实,据说,(3),It ,不及物动词 从句,It seems that,It happened that,It appears that,似乎,碰巧,似乎,It seems that he really loves her.,It happened that he really loved her.,It has been proved that the earth turns around the sun.It is said that the earth turns around the sun.,19,2,it,可以作为形式宾语,it,不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语,that,从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。例如：,We heard it that she would get married next month.,20,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：,13 I saw he is talking with her mother.,14.The teacher told his class that light traveled faster than sound.,was,travels,规律5:宾语从句中,1.当主句的谓语动词是,现在时,或一般将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态。,2.当主句的谓语动词是,过去,时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态。,3当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍用一般现在时。,一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时,一般过去式，过去进行时，过去完成时,21,15.He,believes _.,his dream will come true some day,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：,16.No matter,who,breaks the law should be punished.Whoever,规律,6,whatever,whoever,whichever,除用于引导的,名词性从句外，还可用于引导让步状语从句。,当引导让步状语从句时，可以用,nomatterwhat,nomatterwho,nomatterwhich,替换。,22,引导词,that,的省略情况,that,可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的,that,可省略,that,不可省略的情况：,a.,主语从句,b.,表语从句,c.,同位语从句,It is said that Mr.Li has arrived in Beijing.,We think it highly probable that he is dead.,My question how I shall get in touch with him has not been answered.,23,d.,用,it,做形式宾语的宾语从句,We heard it that she would get married next month.,e.,并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词,that,不能省略,I told him I loved him and I hated him.,I told him I loved him and that I hated him.,24,名词性从句和定语从句区别,25,1 I dont know,when he will leave,.,2 I dont know the time,when he will leave,.,3 That is,whom I want to see,.,4 That is the girl,whom I want to see,.,定,定,名,名,26,3.同位语从句与定语从句的区别,(1)定语从句中的,that,既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的,that,是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。,(2)定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如：,The news,that,he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.,2),The news,that,Tom would go abroad is told by him,27,(3),同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的,that,在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略。,1),The kings decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.,2)The order that all the soldiers should stay is given by the General.,28,1.,We expressed the hope,that they,had expressed.,2.We expressed the hope,that,we,would come to China,a,gain.,Attributive or Appositive,AT,AP,29,1.,It is important that _ our education in all available ways.,A.we must develop B.we shall develop,C.we would develop D.we should develop,2.It is necessary that _ by the end of the week.,A.we got everything ready B.we have got everything ready,C.We get everything ready D.we must get everything ready,3.,It was natural that _.,A.my pictures would surprise them,B.my pictures surprised them,C.my pictures should surprise them,D.my pictures would have surprised them,4.I wonder _.,A.whether or not Ill catch the last bus,B.if or not Ill catch the last bus,C.that Ill catch the last bus or not,D.that Ill catch the last bus,30,5.,We all thought _ a pity that we had missed the lesson.,A.so B.such C.it D.that,6.I took _ for granted that they were not coming.,A.that B.this C.it D.so,7.I heard _ said that he had great concern for his classmates.,A.and B.that C.was D.it,8.I wish I _ to the football match last night.,A.went B.go C.should go D.had gone,31,Thank you!,32,