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1、动词词形变化一览表： 规则动词变化表： 规则变化 原形动词结尾情况 现在时单三人称 现在分词 过去式和过去分词 一般情况 +s +ing +ed s,x,ch,sh,o结尾 +es +ing +ed 辅音字母+y结尾 y→i,+es +ing y→i,+ed 重读闭音节一元一辅结尾 +s 双写辅音字母,+ing 双写辅音字母,+ed 不发音的e结尾 +s 去掉e,+ing +d ie结尾 +s ie→y,+ing +d 不规则变化 have→has；be→is (无) (见不规则动词变化表) 注意：①在加ing或ed时动词如
2、果以“r”结尾,尾音节又重读的动词,“r”应双写。 ②s/es的读音规则：在清辅音后读[s]；在浊辅音后和元音后读[z]；在[s ]、[z]后读[iz]. ③ed的读音规则：在清辅音后读[t]；在浊辅音后和元音后读[d]；在[t]、[d]后读[id]. be(“是/存在”)动词的各种时态变化： 一 般 现 在 时 一 般 将 来 时 现 在 完 成 时 I am…. You are.… He/She/It is…. We/You/They are…. (I等各人称) will be…. I am He/She/It is going to be We
3、/You/They are I have been…. You have been…. She/he/It has been…. We/You/They have been…. 一 般 过 去 时 过 去 将 来 时 过 去 完 成 时 I was…. You were.… He/She/It was…. We/You/They were…. (I等各人称)would be…. I was He/She/It was going to b We/You/They were I had been…. You had been…
4、 She/he/It had been…. We/You/They had been…. 注意：句型变化时, 否定句在am/is/are/will/have/has/was/were/had/would后面加not,而且not都可以缩写为n’t (am后面not不可以缩写)； 疑问句将am/is/are/will/have/has/was/were/had/would提前到句首。 其它谓语动词(主动语态)的时态变化一览表： 现在时态 一 般 现 在 时 现 在 进 行 时 一 般 将 来 时 现 在 完 成 时 谓语动词构成 动词用原形(单三加s/es) (问
5、句和否定句借用助词do/does) am is +动词-ing are will + 动词原形 am is +going to+动词原形 are have +过去分词 has 过去时态 一 般 过 去 时 过 去 进 行 时 过 去 将 来 时 过 去 完 成 时 谓语动词构成 动词用过去式 (问句和否定句借用助词did) was +动词-ing were would + 动词原形 was +going to+动词原形 were had +过去分词 不规则动词变化表： ( 原形 → 过去式 → 过去分词
6、)( 原形 → 过去式 → 过去分词)( 原形 → 过去式 → 过去分词) 首先必会 A A A be(am,is) was been let let let be(are) were been set set set see saw seen hit hit hit does did done put put put do did done cut cut cut go went gone shut shut shut has had had cost cost c
7、ost have had had hurt hurt hurt make made made read read read 小规律记忆 hear heard heard A B A run ran run A B B come came come drink drank drunk become became become swim swam swum eat ate eaten give gave given drive drove driv
8、en write wrote written A B B find found found lend lent lent fight fought fought send sent sent hold held held spend spent spent tell told told sell sold sold build built built stand stood stood spill spilt spilt understand u
9、nderstood understood spoil spoilt spoilt dig dug dug smell smelt smelt shine shone shone leave left left win won won sleep slept slept get got got keep kept kept forget forgot forgot/forgotten feel felt felt buy bought bought sweep swept swept b
10、ring brought brought meet met met think thought thought mean meant meant say said said catch caught caught lay laid laid teach taught taught pay paid paid shall should ring rang rung must must begin began begun may might drink
11、 drank drunk can could swim swam swum will would A B C ride rode ridden rise rose risen hide hid hidden show showed shown know knew known grow grew grown throw threw thrown blow blew blown fly flew flown fall fell fallen wear wore worn break
12、 broke broken beat beat beaten speak spoke spoken freeze froze frozen draw drew drawn take took taken mistake mistook mistaken lie lay lain A BB BB sink sank/sunk sunk/sunken wake woke/waked woken/waked learn learnt/learned learnt/learned hang hung/hanged
13、 hung/hanged 添加 1.AAA 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 cost[kɔst] cost[kɔst] cost[kɔst] 花费 cut[kʌt] cut[kʌt] cut[kʌt] 割，切 hurt[hə:t] hurt[hə:t] hurt[hə:t] 受伤 hit[hit] hit[hit] hit[hit] 打，撞 l
14、et[let] let[let] let[let] 让 put[put] put[put] put[put] 放下 read[ri:d] read[ri:d] read[ri:d] 读 set[set] set[set] set[set] 安排，安置 spread[spred] spread[spred] spread[spred] 展开，传播，涂 spit[spit] spit/spat[spit] spit/spat[spit] 吐痰, shut[ʃʌt] shut[ʃʌt] shut[ʃʌt] 关上,闭起,停止营业 2.AAB 动
15、词原形过去式过去分词 beat[bi:t]beat[bi:t]beaten['bi:tn]打败 3.ABA 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 become[bi'kʌm] became[bi'keim] become[bi'kʌm] 变 come[kʌm] came[keim] come[kʌm] 来 run[rʌn] ran[ræn] run[rʌn] 跑 4.ABB （1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d,t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 burn[bə:n] burnt[bə:nt] burnt[bə:nt]
16、 燃烧 deal[di:l] dealt[delt] dealt[delt] 解决 dream[dri:m] dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt[dremt] 做梦 hear[hiə] heard[hə:d] heard[hə:d] 听见 hang['hæŋ] hanged/hung[hʌŋ] hanged/hung 绞死，悬挂 learn[lə:n] learned/learnt[lə:nt] learned/learnt[lə:nt] 学习 light['lait] lit/lighted[lit] lit/lighte
17、d[lit] 点燃,照亮 mean[mi:n] meant[ment] meant[ment] 意思 prove[pru:v] proved proven/proved['pru:vən] 证明,证实,试验 shine[ʃain] shone/shined shone/shined[ʃəun,ʃɔn] 使照耀，使发光 show[ʃəu] showed showed/shown['ʃəun] 展示,给...看 smell[smel] smelled/smelt[smelt] smelled/smelt[smelt] 闻,嗅 speed[spi:d]
18、sped[sped]/speeded sped/speeded[sped] 加速 spell[spel] spelled/spelt[spelt] spelled/spelt[spelt] 拼写 wake[weik] waked/woke[wəuk] waked/woken['wəukən] 醒来，叫醒,激发 （2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 build[bild] built[bilt] built[bilt] 建筑 lend[lend] lent[lent] lent[len
19、t] 借给 rebuild[,ri:'bild] rebuilt[,ri:'bilt] rebuilt[,ri:'bilt] 改建,重建 send[send] sent[sent] sent[sent] 送 spend[spend] spent[spent] spent[spent] 花费 （3）原形→ought→ought 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 bring[briŋ] brought[brɔ:t] brought[brɔ:t] 带来 buy[bai] bought[bɔ:t] bought[bɔ:t] 买 fight[fait]
20、 fought[fɔ:t] fought[fɔ:t] 打架 think[θiŋk] thought[θɔ:t] thought[θɔ:t] 思考,想 (4)原形→aught→aught 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 catch[kætʃ] caught[kɔ:t] caught[kɔ:t] 捉,抓 teach[ti:tʃ] taught[tɔ:t] taught[tɔ:t] 教 （5）变其中一个元音字母 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 dig[diɡ] dug[dʌɡ] dug[dʌɡ] 掘(土),挖(洞、沟等) feed[fi:d
21、] fed[fed] fed[fed] 喂 find[faind] found found 发现，找到 get[ɡet] got[ɡɔt] got/gotten['ɡɔtən] 得到 hold[həuld] held[held] held[held] 拥有，握住，支持 lead[li:d] led[led] led[led] 引导,带领,领导 meet[mi:t] met[met] met[met] 遇见 sit[sit] sat[sæt] sat[sæt] 坐 shoot[ʃu:t] shot[ʃɔt] shot[ʃɔt] 射击
22、 spit[spit] spit/spat[spæt] spit/spat[spæt] 吐痰, stick[stik] stuck[stʌk] stuck[stʌk] 插进,刺入,粘住, win[win] won[wʌn] won[wʌn] 赢 （6）原形→lt/pt/ft 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 feel['fi:l] felt[felt] felt[felt] 感到 keep[ki:p] kept[kept] kept[kept] 保持 leave[li:v] left[left] left[left] 离开 sleep[s
23、li:p] slept[slept] slept[slept] 睡觉 sweep[swi:p] swept[swept] swept[swept] 扫 (7)其它 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 lay[lei] laid[leid] laid[leid] 下蛋,放置 pay[pei] paid[peid] paid[peid] 付 say[sei] said[sed] said[sed] 说 stand[stænd] stood[stud] stood[stud] 站 understand understood[,ʌndə'stæn
24、d] understood[,ʌndə'stænd] 明白 lose[lu:z] lost[lɔst,lɔ:st] lost[lɔst,lɔ:st] 失去 have[həv] had[hæd,həd,əd] had[hæd,həd,əd] 有 make[meik] made[meid] made[meid] 制造 sell[sel] sold[səuld] sold[səuld] 卖 tell[tel] told[təuld] told[təuld] 告诉 retell[,ri:'tel] retold[,ri:'təuld] retold[,
25、ri:'təuld] 重讲，重复，复述 5.ABC （1）原形→过去式→原形+(e)n 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 blow[bləu] blew[blu:] blown 吹 drive[draiv] drove[drəuv] driven[drivən] 驾驶 draw[drɔ:] drew[dru:] drawn[drɔ:n] 画画 eat[i:t] ate[et,eit] eaten['i:tən] 吃 fall[fɔ:l] Fell[fel] fallen['fɔ:lən] 落下 give[ɡiv] gave[ɡeiv]
26、given['ɡivən] 给 grow[ɡrəu] grew[ɡru:] grown[ɡrəun] 生长 forgive[fə'ɡiv] forgot[fə'ɡɔt] forgiven 原谅,饶恕 know[nəu] knew[nju:,nu:] known 知道 mistake[mi'steik] mistook[mi'stuk] mistooken 弄错;误解, overeat['əuvə'i:t] overate[,əuvə'reit] overeaten (使)吃过量 prove[pru:v] proved proven/proved
27、 证明,证实,试验 take[teik] took[tuk] taken['teikn,'teikən] 拿 throw[θrəu] threw[θru:] thrown[θrəun,'θrəun] 抛，扔 ride[raid] rode[rəud] ridden['ridən] 骑 see[si:] saw[sɔ:] seen[si:n] 看见 show[ʃəu] showed showed/shown['ʃəun] 展示 write[rait] wrote[rəut] written['ritən] 写 （2）原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n
28、 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 break[breik] broke[brəuk] broken['brəukən] 打破 choose[tʃu:z] chose[tʃəuz] chosen['tʃəuzən] 选择 get[ɡet] got[ɡɔt] got/gotten['ɡɔtən] 得到 hide[haid] hid[hid] hidden['hidən] 隐藏 forget[fə'ɡet] forgot[fə'ɡɔt] forgotten[fə'ɡɔtn] 忘记 freeze[fri:z] froze[frəuz] frozen
29、['frəuzn] 冷冻,结冰，感到严寒 speak[spi:k] spoke[spəuk] spoken['spəukən] 说 steal[sti:l] stole stolen['stəulən] 偷 (3)变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。[i→a→u] 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 begin[bi'ɡin] began[bi'ɡæn] begun[bi'ɡʌn] 开始 drink[driŋk] drank[dræŋk] drunk[drʌŋk] 喝 sing[siŋ] sang[sæŋ]
30、 sung[sʌŋ] 唱 sink[siŋk] sank[sæŋk] sunk[sʌŋk] 下沉,沉没 swim[swim] swam[swæm] swum[swʌm] 游泳 ring[riŋ] rang[ræŋ] rung[rʌŋ] 打 （4）其它 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 be(am,is,are) was/were been 是 bear[bεə] bore[bɔ:] born/borne[bɔ:n] 负担,忍受 do[du:,du:] did[did] done[dʌn] 做 fly[flai] flew[fl
31、u:] flown[fləun] 飞 go[ɡəu] went[went] gone[ɡɔn] 去 lie[lai] lay[lei] lain[lein] 躺 wear[wεə] wore[wɔ:] worn[wɔ:n] 穿 be(am,is,are) was;were been bear bore borne,born beat beat beaten become became become befall befell befallen begin began begun behold beheld beheld bend
32、 bent bent bet bet,betted bet,betted betake betook betaken bethink bethought bethought bid bade,bid bidden,bid bide bode,bided bided bind bound bound bite bit bitten,bit bleed bled bled blend blended,blent blended,blent bless blessed,blest blessed,blest blow blew blown break
33、broke broken breed bred bred bring brought brought broadcast broadcast,broadcasted broadcast,broadcasted build built built burn burnt,burned burnt,burned burst burst burst buy bought bought cast cast cast catch caught caught chide chid,chided chid,chidden,chided choose chose ch
34、osen cleave cleaved,cleft,clove cleaved,cleft,cloven cleave cleaved,clave cleaved cling clung clung clothe clothed,clad clothed,clad come came come cost cost cost creep crept crept crow crowed,crew crowed cut cut cut deal dealt dealt dig dug dug dispread dispread dispread d
35、o did done draw drew drawn dream dreamed,dreamt dreamed,dreamt drink drank drunk drive drove driven dwell dwelt,dwelled dwelt,dwelled eat ate eaten fall fell fallen feed fed fed feel felt felt fight fought fought find found found flee fled fled fling flung flung fly flew
36、flown forbear forbore forborne forbid forbade,forbad forbidden,forbid fordo fordid fordone forecast forecast,forecasted forecast,forecasted forego forewent foregone foreknow foreknew foreknown forerun foreran forerun foresee foresaw foreseen foreshow foreshowed foreshown foretell
37、 foretold foretold forget forgot forgotten,forgot forgive forgave forgiven forsake forsook forsaken forswear forswore forsworn freeze froze frozen gainsay gainsaid gainsaid get got got,gotten gild gilded,gilt gilded,gilt gird girded,girt girded,girt give gave given go went gone
38、 grave graved graven,graved grow grew grown hang hung,hanged hung,hanged have(has) had had hear heard heard heave heaved,hove heaved,hove hew hewed hewn,hewed hide hid hidden,hid hit hit hit hold held held hurt hurt hurt inlay inlaid inlaid keep kept kept kneel knelt,knee
39、led knelt,kneeled knit knitted,knit knitted,knit know knew known lade laded laded,laden lay laid laid lead led led lean leaned,leant leaned,leant leap leapt,leaped leapt,leaped learn learned,learnt learned,learnt leave left left lend lent lent let let let lie lay lain light
40、 lit,lighted lit,lighted lose lost lost make made made mean meant meant meet met met melt melted melted,molten misdeal misdealt misdealt misgive misgave misgiven mislay mislaid mislaid mislead misled misled mistake mistook mistaken misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood ou
41、tbreed outbred outbred outdo outdid outdone outsell outsold outsold outshine outshone outshone outshoot outshot outshot outsit outsat outsat outspend outspent outspent outspread outspread outspread outwear outwore outworn overbear overbore overborne overbid overbid overbidden,ove
42、rbid overblow overblew overblown overbuild overbuilt overbuilt overbuy overbought overbought overcast overcast overcast overcome overcame overcome overdo overdid overdone overdraw overdrew overdrawn overdrive overdrove overdriven overeat overate overeaten overfeed overfed overfed
43、 overfly overflew overflown overgrow overgrew overgrown overhang overhung overhung overhear overheard overheard overlay overlaid overlaid overleap overleapt,overleaped overleapt,overleaped overlie overlay overlain overpay overpaid overpaid override overrode overridden overrun ove
44、rran overrun oversee oversaw overseen oversell oversold oversold overset overset overset oversew oversewed oversewed,oversewn overshoot overshot overshot oversleep overslept overslept overspend overspent overspent overspread overspread overspread overtake overtook overtaken overt
45、hrow overthrew overthrown overwind overwound overwound overwrite overwrote overwritten partake partook partaken pay paid paid precast precast precast prove proved proved,proven put put put quit quitted,quit quitted,quit read read[red] read[red] reave reaved,reft reaved,reft reb
46、uild rebuilt rebuilt recast recast recast reeve rove,reeved rove,reeved relay relaid relaid rend rent rent repay repaid repaid reset reset reset retell retold retold rid rid,ridded rid,ridded ride rode ridden ring rang rung rise rose risen rive rived riven,rived run ran run
47、 saw sawed sawn,sawed say said said see saw seen seek sought sought sell sold sold send sent sent set set set sew sewed sewn,sewed shake shook shaken shave shaved shaved,shaven shear sheared shorn,sheared shed shed shed shine shone shone shoe shod,shoed shod,shoed,shodden
48、 shoot shot shot show showed shown,showed shred shredded,shred shredded,shred shrink shrank,shrunk shrunk,shrunken shrive shrove,shrived shriven,shrived shut shut shut sing sang,sung sung sink sank,sunk sunk,sunken sit sat sat slay slew slain sleep slept slept slide slid slid
49、slidden sling slung slung slink slunk slunk slit slit slit smell smelt,smelled smelt,smelled smite smote smitten,smote sow sowed sown,sowed speak spoke spoken speed sped,speeded sped,speeded spell spelt,spelled spelt,spelled spend spent spent spill spilt,spilled spilt,spilled
50、 spin spun spun spit spat,spit spat,spit split split split spoil spoilt,spoiled spoilt,spoiled spread spread spread spring sprang,sprung sprung stand stood stood stave staved,stove staved,stove steal stole stolen stick stuck stuck sting stung stung stink stank,stunk stunk st
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