高考英语语法专题练习.doc

高考英语语法专题练习
情态动词与虚拟语气〔含答案和解析〕
情态动词和虚拟语气是历年高考英语的必考知识点，虚拟语气是整个语法系统中的难点，因此，学好它必须要静下心来、花些力气.今天，让我们看看关于虚拟语气和情态动词的一些经典例题，你都会吗？
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1．The only thing that I__could__do was that I wished her a long life.
解析：句意：我唯一能做的事情是希望她能长寿.所填词表示能力，此处要表达我唯一“能”做的，而且根据wished判断句子应该用一般过去时，所以填could.
2．Since you have such good preparations, there__should__not

解析：句意：既然你准备得很充分，通过即将到来的工作面试应该没问题.根据since提供的原因“准备充分”可以判断出，此处表示“按理说应该发生”的，故本空填情态动词should.
3．It has been accepted that all the students__shall__put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.
解析：句意：为防止学生感染流感病毒，学生们在进校前要戴上口罩，这一点大家都已接受.在第三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示规定、规则，用shall.
4．Now I__would__like to ask you to look at some photographs if you don't mind.
解析：句意：如果你愿意的话，现在我想让你看一些照片.I would like to do...是固定句式，意为“我想做……”.
5．Anyone__can__be in a rough life time，whether he is“Bai Fumei”or“Gao Fushuai”.
解析：句意：任何人都会有困难的时候，无论他是“白富美”还是“高富帅”.此处是情态动词用于陈述句中，表示“一时的情况”，故用情态动词can.
6．〔2014·福建，，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
解析：句意：如果没有现代通信手段，我们需要等待数周才能获得来自世界各地的新闻.由句意和主句中的“would＋动词原形”可知，逗号前是一个表示与现在事实相反的从句，应为if there were....此处条件句中的if省略，把were提到主语前，故填Were.
7．〔2014·陕西〕We would rather our daughter__stayed__〔stay〕 at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
解析：句意：我们宁愿让女儿和我们一起待在家里，可那是她的选择，而且她也不再是个孩子了.would rather后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反的事实.
8．〔2014·重庆，13〕It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I__had_done__〔do〕 it?
解析：句意：是约翰打破了窗户.你为什么以好像是我打破了的语气对我说话？as if引导的状语从句中，谓语动词与wish引导的宾语从句的虚拟语气形式相同.结合语境可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，填had done.
9．〔2016·石家庄二模〕—What a slow bus this is!
—Yes, we__may/might__just as well walk.
解析：may/might as well不妨…….
10．〔2014·四川，6〕I still remember my happy childhood when my mother__would__〔will〕 take me to Disneyland at weekends.
解析：句意：我仍然记得我的幸福童年，那时我母亲总会在周末带我去迪士尼乐园.would表示过去的一种习惯.
Ⅱ. 语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容〔1个单词〕或括号内单词的正确形式.
Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, __1. which“the world's first harm”．
Two months ago, after __2. drinking__〔drink〕 a lot of alcohol, my friend's uncle drove his car home. He was __3. heavily__〔heavy〕 drunk, but he still drove home by himself. On the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, __4. but__ his uncle didn't notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And __5. the__ old lady didn't see his uncle, either. In the end, the lady died.
__6. Had__ it not been for his uncle's drunkenness, the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady __7. hadn't_died__〔die〕, she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncle's home was also destroyed by his uncle. Therefore, two __8. families__〔family〕 were destroyed.
I wish more people __9. could__〔can〕 realize the seriousness of drunk driving and obey the traffic regulations faithfully. Always remember: refuse __10. to_drink__〔drink〕 and drive, and give a safe world to you and me!
解析：
1．thing后是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which.
2．after在此是介词，后跟动名词.
3．修饰was drunk用副词.
4．由didn't notice判断，该空所用词表示转折，故填but.
5．特指上文提到的lady，故填定冠词.
6．根据主句中的would not have happened判断，逗号前面是一个虚拟语气的条件句，句子的谓语应用had done形式；但是因为省略了if，所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判断出该空填Had.
7．if引导的是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句子，故应用过去完成时，填hadn't died.
8．集体名词family在此是被看作整体，此处指“两个家庭”，应用其复数形式families.
9．wish后的从句用虚拟语气，此处表示与现在事实相反的情况，所以填could.
10．refuse后用动词不定式作宾语，refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．〔2016·新课标Ⅱ〕Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.
答案与解析：can→should或去掉can　句意：一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹.suggest作动词，表示“建议”时，宾语从句的谓语通常用虚拟语气“〔should＋〕动词原形”，故此处可把can改为should，也可去掉can.
2．〔2015·新课标Ⅰ〕We must found ways to protect our environment.
答案与解析：found→find　句意：我们必须要找到保护环境的方法.情态动词must后接动词原形.
3．〔2016·湖南衡阳八中二模〕It is true that no one should live without money in modern society.
答案与解析：should→can　句意：的确，在当代社会，没有钱就不能生活.根据句意可知，表示“能，能够”须用can.
4．〔2016·山西四校模拟〕But for the rain，we should have a pleasant journey yesterday.
答案与解析：have后加had 句意： 要不是下雨，我们昨天会有一次愉快的旅行.对过去的虚拟用should have done结构.
5．〔2016·海口二模〕He had telephoned to inform me of your birthday，or I would have known nothing about it.
答案与解析：去掉had　or前的句子不是虚拟条件句.

2018高考英语语法专练：
并列句与状语从句〔含答案和解析〕
通常情况下，只要理顺句意，并列句和状语从句就不是问题了.来看看近几年高考英语是怎样考查并列句和状语从句的吧！
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1．〔2014·江苏，21改编〕Lessons can be learned to face the future __though/although__history cannot be changed.
解析：对比分析两个句子的意思可知从句表达的意思是“虽然；尽管”.句意为：虽然历史不能被改变，但是可以学习经验来面对未来.设空处引导让步状语从句，故填though/although.
2．〔2014·湖南，26改编〕You will never gain success __unless__you are fully devoted to your work.
解析：根据句意可知主从句间是条件关系，且对比分析两句话间“主将从现”的时态及主句中的否定词never可知用表条件的unless〔if...not〕.句意为：除非你完全投入到你的工作中，否则你永远无法取得成功.
3．〔2015·北京，25改编〕He is a shy man，__but__he is not afraid of anything or anyone.
解析：but用来连接并列但语义对比的两个句子.句意：他是个腼腆的人，但他并不怕任何事或任何人.
4．〔2015·北京，32改编〕__Once__the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
解析：once一旦.句意：一旦造成损害，土地要好多年才能恢复.
5．〔2015·天津，12改编〕We need to get to the root of the problem__before__we can solve it.
解析：本题考查状语从句的连词.before表示“主句发生在从句之前”.句意：在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源.
6．〔2015·湖南，33改编〕__Although/Though__the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it.
解析：although/though虽然〔表示“虽然”时，不在后面使用连词but，不过有时它可与yet，still，nevertheless等副词连用〕.句意：虽然那个工作要花大量的时间，但是大多数学生都觉得这次经历是值得的.
7．〔2015·湖南，35改编〕That's why I help brighten people's days.If you__don't__，who's to say that another person will?
解析：考查if引导的条件状语从句.在if引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态.此句中的who's to say that another person will用的是将来时，故if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时.句意：这就是为什么我要使人们的日子变得鲜活起来.如果你不这样做，你说谁会这样做？
8．〔2015·四川，6改编〕There is only one more day to go__before__your favorite music group play live.
解析：before意为“在……之前”.句意：离你最喜欢的乐队的现场演奏只剩下一天了.
9．〔2015·重庆，4改编〕If you miss this chance，it may be years __before__ you get another one.
解析：It be＋时间段＋before...“要过……才会……”.句意：如果你错过这次机会，可能要等很多年才会再有另一个机会.
10．〔2015·江苏，26改编〕It is so cold that you can't go outside__unless__fully covered in thick clothes.
解析：本题考查状语从句引导词及状语从句的省略.句意：天如此冷以至于你除非完全包裹着厚衣服，否则不能外出.unless除非.unless从句中省略主语you及系动词are.
11. It's a motto that we should never remember the benefit we have offered __nor__ forget the favor received.
解析：句意为：我们应当永远不要记挂我们所给予的好处也不要忘记我们所受的恩惠.这是一则座右铭.nor为表示否定含义的并列词，never...nor...表示“既不……也不……”.
12．Ask any Chinese which city in China is famous for ice and snow, __and__ the answer is sure to be Harbin.
解析：句意为：〔如果〕你问任何一个中国人中国的哪座城市因冰雪而出名，答案一定是哈尔滨.此处为“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”的结构，两个分句之间为顺承关系，故填and.
13．Stick to what you think is right, __and__ you will gain a surprising happy ending.
解析：句意为：坚持你认为正确的，你会拥有一个幸福的结局.此处为“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”的结构，两个分句之间为顺承关系，故填and.
14．—Can I lie about seeing a text message because I was too busy or lazy to respond to it?
—Receiving a text message does not necessarily mean you have to respond. Why waste a perfectly good lie __when__ the truth will serve?
解析：句意为：——当我很累或懒得去答复时，我可以撒谎说没看过短信吗？——收到短信并不一定意味着必须回复.为什么非得滥用一个精心编造的谎言而不去说实话呢？对比分析主从句谓语的动作可知是同时发生，因此用时间状语连词when表示“当……时候”.
15．Though it has been one year __since__ he came to the city, he knows every street here like the back of his hand.
解析：句意为：尽管他来这座城市仅仅一年，但是他对这儿的每条街道了如指掌.本题考查固定句型“it has been＋时间段＋since...”，表示“自从……已经多久了”.
16．—What did he think of the trip to Beijing last month?
—He had such a good time __when__ he visited the Great Wall.
解析：句意为：——他认为上个月的北京之行怎么样？——当他去参观长城时玩得很开心.设空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，故填when.本题容易误用成“such...that...”结构.
17．Little __as/though__ he knew about classical music, he pretended to be an expert on it.
解析：句意为：尽管他对古典音乐了解很少，但他假装对此是名专家.分析句意及句子结构可知，设空处所在分句为让步状语从句，且否定词little位于句首，应用倒装结构，故填as或though.although也表“尽管”，但其引导的从句要用正常语序，故不填.
18．People in Dali are very friendly and honest to you __whether__ you are a foreigner or just a local.
解析：句意为：大理的人对你很诚实而友好，无论你是外地人还是当地居民.whether...or...表示“无论是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句.
19．You can smoke here __if__ you leave a window open to let the smoke out.
解析：句意为：如果你留一扇窗户使烟散发出去，你就可以在这里吸烟.根据句意可知，此处为条件状语从句，表示“如果”，故填if.
20．〔2015·浙江，9改编〕Just__as__ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence，a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
解析：句意为：正如单独一个词能改变一个句子的含义一样，一个独立的句子也能改变一个段落的含义.just as意为“正如，正像”，符合句意.
Ⅱ. 语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容〔1个单词〕或括号内单词的正确形式.
My classmate Michael studied very hard __1. after__ he went to senior school. Every day he worked __2. until__ every one left the classroom. He said he wouldn't stop trying __3. unless__ he got satisfying scores in his studies. Hard __4. as/though__ he tried, he made little progress, but he didn't lose heart at all __5. because__ he believed as long as he persisted he would succeed one day. __6. As__ time went by, he made improvements in his studies and he was admitted to a university in Guangzhou at last. We had a get－together party __7. before__ we started our new life in university. __8. Since__ everyone had got offers from universities, we had a very good time. When we stood __9. where__ we used to play and study, we couldn't help thinking of our happy old days. We believed we would never forget each other, __10. wherever__ we would go or whatever we would do. Before we departed, __11. although/though__we seemed a little sadder __12. than__before, we still fought back the tears.
Ⅲ. 单句改错
1．But no sooner had I left when the bus arrived.
答案与解析：when→than　no sooner...than...“刚……就……”，是固定用法.
2．or colorful.
答案与解析：or→and　此处表示“生活丰富多彩”，rich与colorful是并列关系，且本句是肯定句，故连词用and.
3．I called my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened.
答案与解析：so→but　由called与did not tell...的对比判断连词用but.表示“我给父母打电话了，但是没有告诉他们发生了什么”.
4．It isn't very cold, but you needn't bring many clothes with you.
答案与解析：but→so　天不太冷“所以”没有必要带很多衣服，连词用so，表示结果.
5．It may be popular, and you may also get others confused.
答案与解析：and→but　由“get others confused”判断连词用but，表示“可能会受欢迎，但是也会让别人很困惑”.
6．〔2015·四川〕In fact, I don't like to go anymore, so I'm afraid I'll lose their friendship.
答案与解析：so→but　作者不喜欢再去那里，“但是”又害怕失去他们的友谊，此处表示转折，因此要用but.

7．I'm sure that until we keep on practising, it will be easy for us to learn spoken English well.

答案与解析：until→if　此处表示“如果我们不断地练习，学好英语口语对我们来说就会很容易”，所以用连词if引导一个条件状语从句.

8. One day, I was cooking in the kitchen as the telephone rang.

答案与解析：as→when　be doing...when...“正在做某事，这时……”，是固定句式.

9．Charles Rolls, a car maker, was very interested in Royce's car, but soon Rolls and Royce went into business together.
答案与解析：but→and　“很快他们就合作了”是顺承前一句所说的事情发生的，故连词用and.
10．Work hard, you will make much progress and realize your dream.
答案与解析：you前加and　本句是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句式，表示“做……，那么你就会……”.
11．〔2016·新课标Ⅰ〕Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.
答案与解析：去掉but　句意：餐馆虽然不大，却在我们这个区域很受欢迎.though不和but连用，因though位于句首，故去掉but.
12．〔2016·新课标Ⅰ〕Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking.
答案与解析：or→and　句意：每天他都确保用于烹饪的是新鲜的蔬菜和高质量的油.从句意判断前后是并列关系，故把or改为and.
13．〔2016·新课标Ⅱhere is no need to spend money.
答案与解析：but→and　句意：如果我们待在家里，会很舒服而且也没有必要花钱.上下句之间是并列关系，而非转折关系.
14．2016·四川〕Mom has a full－time job, so she has to do most of the housework.
答案与解析：so→but　句意：妈妈做全职工作，但是她得干大部分家务活.前后句之间为转折关系，故应用but连接.
15．〔2016·四川〕Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother's Day.
答案与解析：or→and　句意：爸爸和“我”都打算在母亲节这一天做一些事.both...and...“两者都……”，是固定结构，符合语境.

2018高考英语语法专练：特殊句式〔含答案和解析〕
在高中阶段，对特殊句式的考查主要包括倒装句、强调句型和主谓一致，下面这些题几乎包含了高考英语对特殊句式的全部考查点，认真做做吧！
Ⅰ. 把下列句子变成倒装句
1．We don't know its value until we lose health.
__Not__ __until__ __we__ __lose__ __health__ __do__ we know its value.
2．I will never forget you as long as I live.
__Never__ __will__ I forget you as long as I live.
3．I had no sooner gone out than it began to rain.
__No__ __sooner__ __had__ __I__ __gone__ __out__ than it began to rain.
4．We can improve our English only in this way.
__Only__ __in__ __this__ __way__ __can__ __we__ improve our English.
5．We have so much homework to do that we have no time to take a rest.
__So__ __much__ __homework__ __do__ we have to do that we have no time to take a rest.
6．If it had not been for your help, I would have been late for school.
__Had__ __it__ __not__ __been__ for your help, I would have been late for school.
Ⅱ. 用括号中所给词的正确形式填空
1．Either you or the headmaster __is__ 〔be〕 to hand out the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting.
2．The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, __was_visiting__ 〔visit〕 a museum when the earthquake struck.
3．Two fifths of the land in that district __is__ 〔be〕 covered with trees and grass.
4．Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, __work__〔work〕 in the clothing industry.
5．With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth __are_being_washed__ 〔wash〕 away each year.
6．He is the only one of the students who __has_been__ 〔be〕 the winner of scholarship for three years.
7．Every possible means __has_been_used__ 〔use〕to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
8．When and where to go for the on－salary holiday__has_not_been_decided__〔not, decide〕 yet.
9．She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book __have_reached__ 〔reach〕 50 million.
10．Professor Smith, along with his assistants，__is_working__〔work〕 on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
Ⅲ. 根据句意与特殊句式，填入适当的词，使句意完整.
1．__Only__by working hard can you catch up with the other students in your class.
答案与解析：句意：只有通过努力学习，你才能赶上班里其他的同学.“only＋状语”置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装.
2．Not until he went through real hardship __did__ he realize the love we have for our families is important.
答案与解析：句意：直到经历了真正的困难，他才意识到我们热爱家人的重要性.not until ...置于句首，主句需要部分倒装，用did.
3．At no time __did__ they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.
答案与解析：句意：实际上他们从来不违反比赛规定，惩罚他们不公平.题干中表示否定意义的at no time置于句首，句子应该部分倒装.
4．“Never for a second，” the boy says，“”
答案与解析：句意：那个男孩说：“我一秒钟都没有怀疑过我父亲会来救我.”表示否定意义的词〔主语除外〕位于句首时句子要用部分倒装，根据句意可知说的是过去的事情，故用did.
5．
答案与解析：句意：迈克尔不止一次想过有朝一日他会成为班里的优等生.表否定的not once置于句首，后面的句子需采用部分倒装形式.
6．__Only__when he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him again.
答案与解析：句意：只有在他为自己的无礼道歉时我才会再理他.“only＋状语从句”置于句首时，主句部分倒装.
7．
答案与解析：句意：直到阅读了这些文件之后，格罗斯先生才意识到摆在他面前的任务是极难完成的.It is/was ... that ...是强调句型.还原为普通句式为：
8．It was not until near the end of the letter __that__ she mentioned her own plan.
答案与解析：句意：直到在书信快结束的时候她才提到她自己的计划.本题考查not ... until ...的强调句形式，即It is/was not until ... that ....
9．It was with the help of the local guide __that__ the mountain climber was rescued.
答案与解析：句意：正是在当地导游的帮助下这个登山者才被营救了.被强调部分为with the help of the local guide，将本句还原为普通句式为With the help of the local guide, the mountain climber was rescued.判断强调句型的方法：把It is/was和that去掉后剩余的部分仍是一个完整的句子.
10．It was not until I came here __that__ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.
答案与解析：句意：直到来到这里我才意识到这里之所以出名不仅是因为它的美丽还因为它的天气.强调句结构为it was not until ... that ... “直到……才……”.
11．Little __does__ she care what she looks like; all she cares about is her job performance.
答案与解析：句意：她不在乎外表，她在乎的是自己的工作表现.表否定意义的little位于句首，句子要用部分倒装.
12．notice t