国际、英美音标及组合规则.docx

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老式国际音标 48个英语音标（国际音标）元音单元音前元音 [i:] [i] [e] [æ] 中元音 [ʌ] [ə:] [ə] 后元音 [u:] [u] [ɔ:] [ɔ] [a:] 双元音开合双元音 [ei] [ai] [ɔi] [əu] [au] 集中双元音 [iə] [εə] [uə] 辅音爆破音清辅音 [p] [t] [k] 浊辅音 [b] [d] [g] 摩擦音清辅音 [f] [s] [ʃ] [θ] [h] 浊辅音 [v] [z] [ʒ] [ð] 破擦音清辅音 [tʃ] [tr] [ts] 浊辅音 [dʒ] [dr] [dz] 鼻音（浊辅音） [m] [n] [ŋ] 舌则音（浊辅音） [l] [l] [r] 半元音（浊辅音） [w] [j] 英式音标元音单元音前元音 i: ɪ e æ 中元音 ʌ ɜ: ə 后元音 u: ʊ ɔ: ɒ ɑ: 双元音开合双元音 eɪ aɪ ɔɪ aʊ əʊ 集中双元音 ɪə eə ʊə 辅音爆破音清辅音 p t k 浊辅音 b d ɡ 摩擦音清辅音 f s ʃ θ h 浊辅音 v z ʒ ð 破擦音清辅音 tʃ tr ts 浊辅音 dʒ dr dz 鼻音（浊辅音） m n ŋ 舌则音（浊辅音） l r 半元音（浊辅音） j w 国际音标、英式音标、美式音标旳对比单元音短元音 IPA i ə ɔ u ʌ e æ DJ ɪ ə ɒ ʊ ʌ e æ KK ɪ ə ɑ ʊ ʌ ɛ æ 单元音长元音 IPA i: ə: ɔ: u: ɑ: DJ i: ɜ: ɔ: u: ɑ: KK i ɜ ɔ u ɑ 双元音 IPA ei ai ɔi au əu iə ɛə uə DJ eɪ aɪ ɔɪ aʊ əʊ ɪə eə ʊə KK e aɪ ɔɪ aʊ o ɪr ɛr ʊr 清浊成对辅音清辅音 p t k f θ s ʃ tʃ 浊辅音 b d ɡ v ð z ʒ dʒ 其他辅音 h m n ŋ l r j w dr dz tr ts 一、元音常见发音规则 1) [i:] 发音字母: ee ea e ie ei i three tree green sheep meet beef see eat tea meat leave teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive 2) [ɪ] 发音字母: a i y e u ey sit picture it is list six pig big build miss many twenty happy dictionary decide delicious 3) [ɑ:] 发音字母: ar a al au ear car farm card arm garden ask fast class last glass aunt 4) [ ʌ ] 发音字母: u o ou oo up supper lunch fun run hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble blood flood 5) [ɜ:] 发音字母: a e i o u ir ur ear er or ar re girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle purple Thursday learn early earth heard term her work worker word world sugar 6) [ə] 发音字母: er or o a e ur ure ou re I u teacher under remember player father mother farmer after doctor actor forget together tomorrow today lesson welcome policeman around about ago elephant away banana China student children open different Saturday picture 7) [ɔ: ] 发音字母: a aw al ar au or our oor ore ou all small wall talk tall ball call walk warm quarter daughter autumn short horse for forty sport door floor store four your door floor 8) [ɒ] ([ɔ]) 发音字母: o a orange hot lost lot fox box hop lot not want what wash watch 9) [u:] 发音字母: oo o u oe ou ew too zoo food school room goose tooth who do two to shoe whose true truth blue full ruler 10) [ʊ] 发音字母: oo ou u o oul look good foot book wood should could would put full pull push woman wolf 11) [ æ ] 发音字母: a ai bag hand and ant happy hat map black back glad flag man 12) [e] 发音字母: ea e a ai ue ie head bread sweater breakfast heavy pleasure elephant remember sell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any egg said 13) [eɪ] 发音字母: a ay ai ey ea name cake late gate plane April play say may way day away rain paint eight eighteen eighty they grey great break 14) [aɪ] 发音字母: i y igh bike fine find hi nine five rice write like my try fly by light night high 17) [ɒɪ ] 发音字母:oy oi boy toy toilet oil noise 14) [əʊ] 发音字母: o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know yellow below throw blow show row boat coat goat 16) [aʊ] 发音字母: ou ow house out about ground count sound blouse around mouse flower down now cow how town brown 18) [ɪə] 发音字母: eer ear ere beer deer ear near dear here 19) [ ɛə ] ([eə]) 发音字母:ear air ere eir pear bear chair air there where their theirs 20) [ʊə] 发音字母:ure sure 21) [p] 发音字母: p park peach people pig tap tip gap lap cop purpose opinion jeep leopard practice 22) [b] 发音字母: b bike by book break web job pub busy bill back black bit goodbye blow blood boost brand be 23) [t ] 发音字母: t toy toilet talk take tall ten task talent tag taxi tape table tie cat sat sit put effort host 24) [d] 发音字母: d dog cold day desk duty deep land bird bad dad do decline date damage dark daughter 25) [k] 发音字母: c k ke ch x cow keep bank cook coat kate kite kick key kangaroo kind weak sick pick like joke bike school schedule fox box 26) [g] 发音字母: g gas gap gather gate game garlic get gender gentle gold grow grass great grand pig beg dug dig bug bag 27) [f] 发音字母: f fe ph ugh fall fail before himself knife life wife of define follow photo physical phone phonetic phoneme cough enough laugh rough 28) [v] 发音字母: v ve vast vocal vote value vital view voice cover govern leave prove Steve nerve love glove 29) [s ] 发音字母: s ce c se ss six sit seat same sick kiss case license city cease celebrate piece juice science space 30) [z] 发音字母: z s se zoo zebra zero zap zipper lazy busy is close nose suppose pause those whose 31) [∫] 发音字母: sh tion cial s sion c sheep shoulder should ship shoe she brush wash nation attention station vacation social special sure pressure passion ocean 32) [ʒ] 发音字母: s sion ge measure leisure treasure vision occasion fusion rouge garage 33) [θ] 发音字母: th think thank three thirteen thirty tooth teeth mouth 34) [ð] 发音字母: th that this those though clothe other mother father rather 35) [h] 发音字母: h wh hot hip-hop horse house how who whose whole 36) [t∫] 发音字母: ch ture China peach beach chicken teacher teach picture chat touch check 37) [dʒ] 发音字母: j age ge dge orange juice jack jacket Jane July June edge bandage jeep jest badge age 38) [tr] 发音字母: tr tree train trousers track trap treat trick trip travel try triangle trial treasure 39) [dr] 发音字母: dr driver dress drink dream dread draft Dragon drawn drastic drawback 40) [ts] 发音字母: ts rabbits students skirts shirts paints pants eats sets sits boots suits boats 41) [dz] 发音字母: ds words hands heads friends needs goods sounds foods codes birds 42) [m] 发音字母: m team mask moon much master major mean match matter climb lamp lamb boom come cream dream claim bomb comb blooming mine pomelo 43) [n] 发音字母: n nice never not nature note novel naïve snow snack snake sound sun prince princess concern John win won international own owner 44) [η] 发音字母: n thank thing bank uncle sing finger angry young song ring long length bang 45) [l] 发音字母: l land like lace loom let late lack less lateral later ladder bottle fail fell people sell milk mill elect filing miller settle snail nail 46) [r] 发音字母: r rick rice road right raise room release regard remain review resort rate rank rapid mirror erect error eraser surprise 47) [w] 发音字母: w wide sweet worry with we wonder wear will wrap work weather wind wet reward always subway railway away award way water wood worm 48) [j] 发音字母: y i u yes yard yet year beyond youth yellow yummy senior onion use unique usually universe uniform

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