英语语法期末作业市公开课一等奖百校联赛特等奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,小田,www.iloveppt.org,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,虚拟语气,第1页,语气种类,陈说语气：表示动作或状态是现实，确定或符合事实，用于陈说句，疑问句和一些感叹句。,We are not ready.,Did it rain all day yesterday?,How a fine day it is!,祈使语气：表说话人提议，请求，邀请，命令等。,Be carefully!,Dont forget to close the window!,Open the door,please?,虚拟语气：表动作或状态不是客观存在事实，而是说话人主观愿望，假设或推测等。,If I were you,I would study English.,I wish you chould go with me.,May you succeed!,1,第2页,一.虚拟语气在条件句中使用方法,条件句有两类，真实条件句和虚拟条件句,真实条件句：假设情况有可能发生，谓语用陈说语气。,If it doesnt rain tomorrow,we will go to the park.,虚拟条件句：假设过去现在都不存在，或者未来不大可 能发生情况,If he had seen you yesterday,he would have asked you about homework.,第3页,在含有虚拟条件句复合句中，主语和从句谓语中都要用虚拟语气。虚拟语气从句和主句动词形式列表以下,动词形式,从句,主句,与现在事实相反,动词过去式（be过去式普通用were）,would,should +动词原形,could,might,与过去事实相反,had+过去分词,would,should +have+过去分词,chould,might,与未来事实可能相反,动词过去式,should+动词原形,were to+动词原形,would,should+动词原形,chould,might,第4页,表示与现在事实相反假设和结果,If I,were,you,I,should/would/chould/might tell,him the truth,If he,had,time,he,should/would/chould/might go,with you.,If my brother,were,here,everything,would be,all right.,第5页,2.与过去事实相反假设或结果,If you,had taken,my advice,you,wouldnt/shouldnt/couldnt/might have failed,in the exam.,If I,had had,the money last week,I,should/would/chould/might have bought,a car.,If she,had won,the game,she,would/chould/might have telephoned,you immediately.,第6页,3.表示与未来事实相反结果或假设,If it,were,saturday tomorrow,I,would go,to the Jingsan Road to shop.,If it,were to snow,this evening,they,would not to,go out.,If it,should rain,the crops,would/chould/might be saved.,第7页,4.主从句动作发生时间不一致情况,有时候条件从句中动作与主语从句中动作发生时间，这时候动词形式要依据它所表示时间加以调整,If you,had listened,to the doctors,you,would be,all right now.,If you,had practised,speaking English more,you,would be,able to speak it fluently.,第8页,二.虚拟语气在主语从句中使用方法,在“Its,important,/,strange,/,natural,/,necessary,that这类句型中，that一道主语从句中谓语 动词惯用”should+动词原形“结构，表示”主要“”奇怪“”自然“”必要“等意义,It is,important,that every member,(should)inform,himself of this rules.,It is,necessary,that he,(should)be sent,there at once.,It is very,strange,that she,(should)have left,without saying goodbye.,第9页,三.虚拟语气在宾语从句中使用方法,1.在动词wish后宾语从句,表示与现在或过去事实相反，或对未来主观愿望，从句中 通常省略连词that.,(1)对现在情况虚拟，从句动词用过去式或过去进行时（be动词普通用were）,I wish I,knew,the answer to the qustion.,How I wish I,were,a bird.,第10页,（2)对过去情况虚拟：从句动词惯用“had+过去分词”,I wish,hadnt spent,so much money.,He wish he,had not lost,the chances.,（3)对未来主观愿望：从句动词形式用“would+动词原形”,I wish it,would stop,raining.,I wish you,would come,soon.,第11页,2.在提议（advise/recommend/suggest/propose）要求(demand/command/require/insist)命令（order）等动词宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,I suggest that we,(should)set off,at once.,I demand that the work,(should)be done,immediately.,The students insisted that they,(should)have,more English classes.,第12页,四.虚拟语气在状语从句中使用方法,1.在even if/though 引导让步状语从句主从复合句中：主句和从句都有虚拟语气，动词形式含有虚拟条件句虚拟语气相同,Even if,Lintao,were,here,I,should say,the same thing.,Even though he,had been ill,he,would have gone,to his office.,第13页,2,由as if 或as though 引导方式或比较状语从句时，从句谓语动词为过去式（be用were）或“had+过去分词”,He treats me as if I,were,his own child.,She talked about the movie as if she,had really seen,it.,第14页,3.在in order that或so that 引导目标状语从句中，谓语动词多用“chould/might(有时也用should)+动词原形”,Mr Green spoken slowly so that his student,could/might hear,clearly,.,They are climbing higher in order that they,chould/might get,a better view.,注,：,在in case,for fear(that),lest等引导从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，in case 引导从句还惯用陈说语气，for fear that引导从句谓语动词还能够用情态动词may might或would,She took her raincoat with her,in case,/,for fear that,/,lest,she(should)be caught in the rain.,Remind me of it in case I,(should)forget.,第15页,五.虚拟语气在定语从句中使用方法,在“,It is time(that).,”句型中，从句谓语动词惯用虚拟语气表示未来，动词形式用过去式或“should+动词原形”，意思是该做什么时候了,It is we,went,to bed.,Its(high)time we,did,our homework.,第16页,六.虚拟语气在简单句中使用方法,1.情态动词过去式用于现在时态表示说话人谦虚，客气，有礼貌或委婉语气，惯用于日常会话中,It,would,be better for you if you not to stay up too late.,Would,you kind enough to open the door.,2.在一些习惯表示中,You,d better,go now.,I,would rather not tell,you.,3.用“May+动词原形”表示“祝福”，“希望”，may置于句首,May,you be happy!,May,good luck be yours!,第17页,七.虚拟语气能够转换形式,1.省略if连词，假如虚拟语气中有were,should或had,能够省略if,把这几个词放在主语前，组成主谓倒装,If he should come,tell him to ring me up.,If I were you,I would not do it.,If he had more careful,such mistakes chould have been avoided.,第18页,!,在虚拟条件句中，省略连词倒装形式，其句首不能用动词缩略式,If it,werent,for the expense,I would go to Paris.,Werent it for the expense,I would go to Paris.(,),Were it not,for the expense,I would go to Paris.,第19页,2.用介词短语来代替条件状语从句，有时假设情况并不用条件从句来表示，而经过介词短语,Without,air,there would be no living things.,=?,But for,you,I chouldnt have do it.,=?,*,假设情况有时经过上下文看得出来,I was busy that day,otherwise,I would have gone with you.,I,would have finished,the work,but I had been ill.,第20页,七.省略条件从句或主语从句虚拟语气,表示虚拟语气主句或从句有时能够省略，但含义仍可推知,You,chould have washed,your clothes yourself.,If only she,had not left.,If only the wind,would stop,!,If my grandmother,were,here with me.,第21页,第22页,