常用工程英语精简.doc

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目 录

1. 按汉语类别编排, (2)
1.1. 阀门类, (2)
1.1.1. 阀门结构、 零, (2)
1.1.2. 常见阀, (2)
1.1.3. 其它用途的阀, (2)
1.1.4. 未指明结构( 或阀型) 的阀, (3)
1.2. 管子、 管件及法兰, (4)
1.2.1. 管子, (4)
1.2.2. 管件, (4)
1.2.3. 弯管, (5)
1.2.4. 端部连接, (5)
1.2.5. 法兰, (5)
1.3. 管道特殊件, (6)
1.3.1. 管道特殊件( 组件) , (6)
1.3.2. 管道特殊元件, (6)
1.4. 其它材料, (6)
1.4.1. 一般材料, (6)
1.4.1.1. 金属材料, (6)
1.4.1.2. 非金属材料, (7)
1.4.2. 垫片, (8)
1.4.3. 填料, (8)
1.4.4. 型材, (8)
1.4.5. 材料统计及采购, (8)
1.5. 设备布置及管道设计, (9)
1.5.1设备布置, (9)
1.5.2设备名称, ( 10)
1.5.3管道设计, ( 11)
1.6管道支吊架, ( 12)
1.6.1管架零部件, ( 12)
1.6.2管支架型式, ( 13)
1.6.3标准及通用型支架, ( 13)
1.6.4管架安装, ( 13)
1.7应力计算类, ( 13)
1.8焊接及热处理, ( 14)
1.8.1焊接, ( 14)
1.8.2热处理, ( 15)
1.9隔热隔音及涂漆, ( 15)
1.10管道用紧固件及螺纹, ( 16)
1.10.1紧固件, ( 16)
1.10.2螺纹, ( 16)

1.11设计阶段及管理, ( 16)

1.按汉语类别编排
1.2 管子、 管件及法兰
1.2.1 管子
管子( 按照标准规格制造的配管用管) Pipe
管子( 不按照标准规格制造的其它用管) Tube
钢管, Steel pipe
铸铁管, Cast iron pipe
衬里管, Lined pipe
复合管, Clad pipe
碳钢管, Carbon steel [C.S.]pipe
合金钢管, Alloy steel pipe
不锈钢管, Stainless steel [S.S.]pipe
奥氏体不锈钢管, Austenitic stainless pipe
铁合金钢管, Ferritic alloy steel pipe
扎制钢管, Wrought-steel pipe
段铁管, Wrought-iron pipe
无缝钢管, Seamless[SMLS]steel pipe
焊接钢管, Welded steel pipe
电阻焊钢管, Electric-resistance-welded steel pipe
电熔( 弧) 焊钢板卷管 Electric-fusion (arc)-welded
steel-plate pipe
螺旋焊接钢管, Spiral welded steel pipe
壁厚, Wall thickness(WT)
壁厚系列号, Schcdule number
架厚的, 加强的, Extra heavy; Extra stromg
双倍加强的, 双倍加厚的 Double extra heavy; Double
extra strong
1．2．2管件, Fitting
弯头Elbow
异径弯头, Reducimg elbow
带支座弯头, Base elbow
长半径弯头, Long radius elbow
短半径弯头, Short radius elbow
长半径180º弯头 Long radius return
短半径180º弯头, Short radius return
带侧向口的弯头( 右向或左向)
Side outlet elbow(Right hand or left hand)
双支管弯头, Double branch elbow
三通, Tee
异径三通, Reducing tee
等径三通, Straight tee
带侧向口的三通( 右向或左向)
Side outlet tee (Right hand or left hand)
异径三通( 分支口为异径)
Reducing tee(Reducing on outlet)
异径三通( 一个直通口为异径)
Reducing tee (Reducing on one run)
带支座三通, Base tee
异径三通( 一个直通口及分支口为异径)
Reducing tee (Reducing on one tun and outlet)
异径三通( 两个直通口为异径) ( 双头式)
Reducing tee (Reducimg on both runs) (Bull head)
45º斜三通, 45ºLateral
45º斜三通( 支管为异径)
45ºLateral (Reducing on one branch)
45º斜三通( 一个直通口为异径)
45ºLateral (Reducing on one run)
45º斜三通( 一个直通口及支管为异径)
45ºLateral (Reducing on one run and branch)
Y型三通, True ”Y”
四通, Cross
等径四通, Straight cross
异经四通, Reducing cross
异径四通( 一个分支口为异径)
Reducing cross (Reducing on one outlet)
异径四通( 两个分支口为异径)
Reducing cross (Reducing on both outlet)
异径四通( 一个直通口及分支口为异径)
Reducing cross (Reducing on one run and outlet)
异径四通( 一个直通口及两个分支口为异径)
Reducing cross (Reducing on one run and both outlet)
异径管, Reducer
同心异径管, Concentric reducer
偏心异径管, Eccentric reducer
锻制异径管, Reducing swage
支管连接, Branch connection
螺纹支管台, Thredolet
焊接支管台, Weldolet
承插焊支管台, Sockolet
弯头支管台, Elbolet
斜接支管台, Latrolet
镶入式支管嘴, Sweepolet
短管支管台, Nipolet
支管台, 插入式支管台 Boss
管接头, Coupling; Full coupling
半管接头, Half couping
异径接头, Reducing coupling
活接头, Union
内外螺纹缩接, Bushing
管帽, Cap [C]
堵头, Plug
短管, Nipple
异径短节, Reducing nipple
异径短节(外螺纹或无螺纹) Swage nippe (选自BS 3799)
1．2．5法兰, Flange[FLG]
整体管法兰, Integral pipe flange
钢管法兰, Steel pipe flange
螺纹法兰, Threaded flange
滑套法兰( 平焊法兰) Slip-on-welding flange
, Slip-on [SO] flange
承插焊法兰, Socket welding flange
松套法兰, Lap joint flange [LJF]
对焊法兰, Weld neck flange [WNF]
法兰盖, Blind flange ; Blind
孔板法兰, Orifice flange
异径法兰, Reducimg flange
盘座式法兰, Pad type flange
松套带颈法兰, Loose hubbed flange
板式平焊法兰, Welding plate flange
对焊环, Welding neck collar
( 与stubend相似)
平焊环, Welding-on collar
管端突缘, Stub end
翻边端, Lapped pipe end
松套板式法兰, Loose plate flange
压力级, Pressure rating ; Pressure rating class
压力-温度等级 Pressure-temperature rating
法兰密封面; 法兰面Flange facing
突面, Raised face [RF]
凸面, Male face [MF]
凹面, Female face [FMF]
榫面, Tongue face
槽面, Groove face
环连接面, Ring joint face
全平面; 满平面 Flat face; Full face [FF]
光滑突面, Smooth raised face [SRF]
法兰面加工, Facing finish
粗糙度, Roughness
光滑的, Smooth
齿形的, Serrated
均方根, Root mean square [RMS]
算术平均粗糙高度 Arithmetical average roughness height[AARH]
1． 4其它材料
1．4．1一般材料
（1） 金属材料
a) 材料
碳素钢, Carbon steel [ C.S. ]
低碳钢, Low-carbon steel
中碳钢, Medium-carbon steel
高碳钢, High-carbon steel
普通碳素钢, General carbon steel
优质碳素钢, High-quality carbon steel
普通低合金结构钢 General structure low-alloy steel
合金结构钢, Structure alloy steel
合金钢, Alloy steel
工具钢, Tool steel
弹簧钢, Spring steel
钼钢, Molybdenum steel
镍钢, Nickel steel
铬钢, Chrome steel
铬钼钢, Chrome-molybdenum steel
铬镍钢, Chrome-nickel steel
渗铬钢, 镀铬钢 Chromized steel
镀铬的, Chromium-plated ; chrome-plated
不锈钢, Stainless steel [S.S.]
奥氏体不锈钢 Austenitic stainless steel
马氏体不锈钢 Martensitic stainless steel
司特来合金( 钨铬钴合金) Stellite
耐蚀耐热镍基合金 Hastelloy
平炉钢( 马丁钢) Martin steel
镇静钢, Killed steel
半镇静钢, Semi-killed steel
沸腾钢, Rimmed steel ; Rimming steel ; Open steel
锻钢, Forged steel
铸钢 Cast steel
铸铁 Cast iron [ C.I. ]
灰铸铁 Grey cast iron
可锻铸铁 Malleable iron [ M.i. ] ; Nodular
球墨铸铁 Nodular cast iron ; Nodular graphite iron
生铁 Pig iron
熟铁, 锻铁 Wrought iron
铸件 Casting
高硅铸铁 High silicon cast iron
非铁合金 Non-ferrous alloy
铝, Aluminum
铜, 紫铜 Copper
黄铜 Brass
青铜 Bronze
铝青铜 Aluminum bronze
磷青铜 Phosphor bronze
铝镁合金 Aluminum magnesium
锰青铜 Manganese bronze
蒙乃尔( 注: 镍及铜合金) Monel
钛, Titanium
铅, Lead
硬铅 Hard lead
(b)性能
极限强度 Ultimate strength
抗拉强度 Tensile strength
屈服极限 Yield limit
屈服点 Yield point
延伸率 Percentage elongation
抗压强度 Compressive strength
抗弯强度 Bending strength
弹性极限 Elastic limit
疲劳极限 Fatigue limit
蠕变极限 Creep limit
持久极限 Endurance limit
布氏极限 Brinell hardness
洛氏极限 Rockwell hardness
维氏极限 Vickers diamond hardness ; Diamond penetrator hardness
(2)非金属材料 Non-metallic material
塑料, Blastic
丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯 Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
聚乙烯, Polyethylene [ PE ]
聚酰胺, Polyamide [PA]
聚碳酸酯, Polycarbonate [PC]
聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 Poly(methyl methacrylate) [PMMA]
醋酸丁酸纤维素 Cellulose acetate butyrate [CAB]
氯化聚氯乙烯, Chlorinated poly vinyl chloride
[CPVC]
聚偏二氟乙烯, Poly vinylidene fluoride
缩醛塑料, Acetal plastic
尼龙塑料, Nylon plastic
聚烯烃, Polyolefin[PO]
石墨酚醛塑料, Gtsphited phenolic plastics
聚四氟乙烯, Polytetrafluoroethylene[PTFE]
纤维增强热塑性塑料 Fiber reinforced thermop lastics
热塑性塑料, Thermoplastic
热固性, Thermoset
胶粘剂, Adhesive
溶剂胶接剂, Solvent cement
树脂, Resin
木材, Wood
耐火砖, Fire brick
陶瓷, Ceramic
搪瓷, Porcelain enamel
硼硅玻璃, Borosillicate glass
玻璃, Glass
橡胶, Rubber
丁腈橡胶, Nitrile butadiene rubber
氯丁橡胶, Neoprene
天然橡胶, Natural rubber
乙丙橡胶, Ethylene propylene rubber[ EPR]
乙烯丙烯二烃单 Ethylene propylene diene monomer[EPDM]
1．4．2垫片, Gasket [GSKT]
垫片的型式, Type of gasket
平垫片, Flat gasket
环形平垫片, Flat ring gasket
平金属垫片, Flat metal gasket
带棉织物的橡胶 Elastomer with cotton fabric insertion
带石棉织物的橡胶 Elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion
带石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶
Elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with
wire reinforcement
无石墨压缩白石棉垫片
Non gtaphited compressed white asbestos gasket
天然白棉垫片 Natural white rubber gasket
压缩石棉垫片 Compressed asbestos gasket
浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片
PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket
夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片
Spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler
内环, Inner ring
外环, 外定位环 Outer ring
波纹金属垫片 Corrugated metal gasket
波纹金属包石棉垫片
Corrugated metal double jackted asbestos filled gasket
双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片
Double jacketed asbestos filled gasket
双夹套垫片, Double jacketed gasket
金属包石棉平垫片 Flat metal jacketed asbestos
filled gasket
实心金属齿形垫片 Solid metal serated gasket
槽形金属垫片, Grooved metal gasket
环形连接金属垫片 Ring joint metal gasket
八角环形垫片, Octagonal ring gasket
椭圆环形垫片, Oval ring gasket
透镜式垫片, Lens gasket
1．4．4型材
型钢, Shaped steel
角钢, Angle steel
槽钢, Channel
工字钢, 工-Beam
宽缘工字钢或H钢, Wide Flanged beam
T型钢, T-Bar
方钢, Square Bar
扁钢, Flat Bar
六角钢, Hexagonal steel Bar
圆钢, Round steel ; rod
钢带, Strap steel
钢板, Plate
网纹钢板, Checkered plate
腹板( 指型钢的立板) Web
翼缘( 指型钢的缘) Wing
1．4．5材料统计及采购
材料表, Bill of material
材料统计, Material take-off
散装材料, Bulk material
统计材料的准确度, Accuracy of take-off
分组( 类) 形式( 如管道等级表) Block form
综合管道材料表, Consolidated piping material
Summary sheet [ CPMSS ]
材料情况报告, Material status report[ MSR ]
汇总表, Summary sheet
估算, Estimate
数量, Quantity [ QTY ]
重量, Weight
询价, Inquiry
采购, Procurement pruchase
采购说明, Purchase specification
订货单, Purchasing order
采购说明汇总表, Purchasing specifacation
summary sheet [ PSSS ]
请购, Requisitioning
厂商报价, Vendor quotation
预制的, Prefabrication
编位号的, Itemized
代码, Code number
短代码, Short code
由买方供货, By Buyer [ BB ]
由卖方供货, By seller
由制造厂供货, By vendor [ BV ]
供应者, Supplier
制造者, 制造厂, Manufacturer

1．5．2设备名称
塔, Tower ; Column
洗涤塔, Scrubber
吸收塔, Absorber
冷却塔, Cooling tower
精馏塔, Fractionating tower
换热器, Heat exchanger
空冷器, Air cooler
水冷却器, Water cooler
冷凝器, Condenser
螺旋板式换热器 Spiral plate exchanger
反应器, Reactor
贮槽, Tank
缓冲器, Knock-out drum
球罐, Spheroid ; Spherical tank
罐, Drum
气柜, Gas holder
螺旋式气柜, Helical gas-holder
湿式气柜, Wet gas-holder
干式气柜, Dry gas-holder
炉子, Furnace
烧咀, Burner
锅炉, Boiler
火炬, Flare
烟囱, Stack
加热器, Heater
电加热器, Electric heater
搅拌器, Agitator
干燥器, Dryer
混合器, Mixer
蒸发器, Evaporator
萃取器, Extractor
结晶器, Crystallizer
澄清器, Gravity settler
喷射器, Ejector
喷头, Sprayer
旋风分离器, Cyclone
分离器, Separator
成套设备, Package unit
设施, Facilities
仪器设备, Apparatus
附件, 附属设备 Accessory
起重机, Crane
桥式起重机, Bridge crane
电动葫芦, Motor hoist
泵, Pump
涡轮泵, Turbine pump
涡流泵, Vortex pump
离心器, Centrifugal pump
喷射泵, Jet pump
转子泵, Rotary pump
管道泵, Inline pump
真空泵, Vacumm pump
柱塞泵, Plunger pump
双作用往复泵 Double action reciprocation pump
计量泵, Metering
深井泵, Deep Well pump
齿轮泵, Gear pump
手摇泵, Hand pump ; Wobble pump
压缩机, Compressor
活塞式压缩机 Reciprocating Compressor
多级压缩机 Mutiple stages compressor
螺杆压缩机 Helical screw compressor
离心式压缩机 Centrifugal Compressor
风机, Fan
鼓风机, Blower
离心机, Centrifuger
离心分离机 Centrifuger separator
离心过滤机 Centrifuger filter
压滤机, Pressure filter
发电机, Generator
汽轮机, Steam turbine
电动机, Motor
1．5．3管道设计 Piping design
管道研究, Piping study
管道布置平面 Piping arrangement plant[PAP]
管道布置, Piping assembly ; Piping layout
详图, Detail
”X”视图, View ”X”
”A-A”剖视 Section ”A-A”
通用连接图, Hook up DWG
轴测图, Isometric drawing
索引图, Key plan
通用连接组, Typical installation
管道及仪表流程图 Piping and Instument diagram {P&ID}
管口表, List of nozzle
接续图, Continue on drawing [COD]
界外, Offsite
地上管道, Above ground piping
地下管道, Under ground piping
管线号, Line Sampling connection
伴热管, Tracing pipe
蒸汽伴热, Steam tracing
热水伴热, Hot-water tracing
电伴热, Electrical tracing
夹套管, Jacketed Line
全夹套的, Full jacked
比例, Scale
图, Figure
草图, Sketch
图例, Legend
符号, Symbol
件号, Part Number
中压, Memium pressure [M.S.]
高压, High pressure [H.S.]
大气压, Atmosphere [ATM]
真空, Vacuum
工作压力, Operating pressure ; Working pressure
设计压力, Design pressure
工作温度, Operating temperature
设计温度, Design temperature
环境温度, Ambient temperature
度, Degree
摄氏, Centigrade[C]
华氏, Fahrenheit [F]
固定鞍座, Fixed saddle
入口, Inlet ; suction
出口, Outlet ; discharge
排出口, Exhaust
排液, Drain
放空, Vent
污水坑( 井) Sump pit
集水池, Catch Basin
沟槽, Trough
管沟, Piping trench
地漏, Floor drain
小过道, Cat walk
走道, 过道, Walk way ; Gang way
预留区, Future area
人孔, Manhole [MH]
手孔, Handhole[HH]
管口, Nozzle
连接, 接头, Connection
导管, Conduit
管口方位, Nozzle orientation
方向, Direction
位置, Location
相交, Intersection
垂直、 正交、 垂直的 Perpendicular
平行、 平行的 Parallel
管顶, Top of pipe [TOP]
管底, Bottom of pipe [BOP]
沟底, Bottom of trench
管子内底 Invert (inside bottom of pipe)
底平, Flat on bottom [FOB]
顶平, Flat on top [FOT]
水平的, Horizontal
垂直的、 立式的 Vertical
上升管; 垂直管 Riser
等级分界, Material Specification break
隔热分界, Insulation break
管道等级, Piping class
管道材料规定 Piping material specification
公称直径, Nominal diameter [DN]
公称压力, Nominal pressure [PN]
等级, Class [CL]
磅/平方英寸 Pounds per square inch [Psi]
公斤/平方厘米 Kilogrms per square centimeter[Kg/c㎡]
百万帕斯卡 Million Pascal{Mpa}
管道组成件 Piping component
管道附件 Piping attachment
管道元件 Piping element
腐蚀裕量 Corrosion allowance
管段, 短管 Spool piece ; Spool
直管, Run pipe ; straight pipe
弯管, Bend
管件直连, Fitting to fitting [FTF]
水平安装, Horizontal installation
垂直安装, Vertical installation
面至面, Face to face[F-F]
中心至端面, Center to end [C-E]
中心至面, Center to face [C-F]
中心至中心; 中至中, Center to Center[C-C]
对称的, Symmetric
相反( 的) , 对面( 的) Opposite
距离, Distance
坡度, Slope
工作点, Working point [W.P.]
管间距, Line spacing
管道跨度, Line span
相当的, Equivalent
最大, Maximum [Max]
最小, Minimum [Min]
大约, Approximate [APPROX]
面积, Area
体积, 容积, Volume [VOL]
直径, Diameter[D] [DIA]
半径, Radius [R]
外径, Outside diameter [OD]
内径, Inside diameter [ID]
螺栓圆直径, Bolt circle [B.C.]
节圆直径, Pitch circle diameter
间隙, 净空, Clearance
尺寸, Dimension
高度, Height
高度, 海拔, Altitude
厚度, Thickness[THK]
长度, Lengh
宽度, Width
深度, Depth
千磅, Kip
米, Meter
毫米, Millimeter
英寸, Inch
英尺, Foot
1． 7应力计算类
热应力分析, Thermal stress analysis
管道柔性分析, Piping flexibility analysis
荷载工况, Load case
力, Forse
力距, Moment
弯曲力距, Bending moment
扭距, Torgue
外载, Externally applied load
荷载, Load
冷态荷载, Cold load
工作荷载, Working load
反力, Reaction
位移, Displacement
附加位移, Appendant displacement
角位移, Angular rotation
冷紧, 冷拉, Cold spring
自拉, Self spring
约束, Restraint
固定点, Fix point ; Anchor point
自由, Free
刚性的, Rigid
方向, Direction
元件, Member
节点, Node
节点号, Node number
管系, Piping system
应力, Stress
弯曲应力, Bending stress
扭转应力, Torsional stress
轴向应力, Axial stress
剪切应力, Shear stress
拉应力, Tension stress
压应力, Compression stress
一次应力, Primary stress
二次应力, Secondary stress
热胀应力范围, Thermal expansion stress range
许用应力范围, Allowable stress range
位移应力, Displacement stress
柔性应力, Flexibility stress
内压应力, Internal pressure stress
外压应力, External pressure stress
纵向应力, Longitudinal stress
应力范围减小系数 Stress-Range reduction factor
弹性模量, Modulus of elasticity
惯性矩, Moment of inertia
断面系数, Section modulus
柔性系数, Flexibillity factor
波桑比, Poisson’s ratio
柔度特性, Flexibility characteristic
应力增大系数, Stress intensification factor
面内, In-plane
面外, Out-plane
热循环, Thermal cycle
热膨胀系数, Thermal expansion coefficie factor
安全系数, Safety factor
1． 8焊接及热处理类
1．8．1焊接, Welding
（1） 焊接种类 Varieties of welding
电弧焊, Arc welding
电熔焊, Electric fusion welding [EFW]
电阻焊, Electric resistance welding [ERW]
有保护的金属电弧焊
Shielded metal arc welding [SMAW]
手工或自动惰性气体保护
Manual and automatic inert gas tungsten
钨极电弧焊( 带不可熔焊条)
Arc welding with unmeltable electrode [GTAW]
自动埋弧焊 Automatic submerged arc welding
金属极惰性气体保护焊
Gas metal arc welding [GMAW]
氩弧焊, Argon-Arc welding
气体保护电弧焊 Gas-shielded arc welding
气焊, Gas welding ; flame welding
等离子焊,