2022年英语六级翻译.doc

老龄化社会
【翻译原文】
　　老龄化社会（an aging society）是指老年人口占总人口达到或超过一定比例人口构造模型。根据联合国老式原则是一种地区60岁以上老人达到总人口10%，新原则是65岁老人占总人口7%，即该地区视为进入老龄化社会。老龄化加速对经济社会所有将产生巨大压力。 10月26日，中国老式节日重阳节（the Double Ninth Festival）到来之际，中国正式启动了一项应对人口老龄化战略研究，以积极应对持续加剧人口老龄化危机。
【参照译文】
　　An aging society refers to a population structure model in which aging population reaches or exceeds a certain proportion. The region is regarded as entering an aging society according to the UN’s traditional standard that an area’s old people over 60 years old takes up 10% of the total population, while the new standard is old people over 65 years old takes up 7% of the total population. The acceleration of aging will bring enormous pressure to both economy and society. On October 26, when the Double Ninth Festival, the traditional Chinese festival, came, China formally launched a strategic research on coping with aging of population to deal with increasingly intensifying population aging crisis.
【核心表达】
　　达到或超过 reach or exceed
　　老龄化加速 the acceleration of aging
　　巨大压力 enormous pressure
中国正式启动了一项应对人口老龄化战略研究，以积极应对持续加剧人口老龄化危机。China formally launched a strategic research on coping with aging of population to actively deal with increasingly intensifying population aging crisis.（注：注意两个“应对”不同样翻译）

医患交流
【翻译原文】
　　医生该如何学习诚实看待她们病人呢？进行更多有关如何和病人沟通其健康状况培训是极其核心——特别是在告知（deliver）坏消息时。如果检查成果对病人健康没有影响话，医生们也许不会把略有异常实验室检查成果告诉给焦急病人。相反地，医生也许会夸张（exaggerate ）正常成果，盼望能刺激病人更加好地照顾自己。而病人们也需要清晰并拟定她们所盼望医生诚实度。毕竟，即便在医生办公室里，交流也是双向。
【参照译文】
　　How can doctors learn to be honest with their patients? More training about how to communicate with patients about their health is critical—especially when it comes to delivering bad news. Doctors may not tell the anxious patients the slightly abnormal results of a lab test, if it has no impact on the patient’s health. Conversely, they might exaggerate a normal result in hopes of motivating a patient to take better care of himself. Patients also need to be clear and certain about how honest they want their doctors to be. Communication is a two-way street, after all, even in the doctor’s office.
【核心表达】
　　极其核心 critical
　　特别是在告知（deliver）坏消息时 when it comes to delivering bad news （注：注意come to使用措施。come to sth. 其中一种意思就是“当达到某种状况（尤指不好状况）时”。）
　　如果检查成果对病人健康没有影响话，医生们也许不会把略有异常实验室检查成果告诉给焦急病人。Doctors may not tell the anxious patients the slightly abnormal results of a lab test, if it has no impact on the patient’s health.（注：注意这句话翻译顺序，及检查成果反复浮现时，翻译时可译为it。）
　　盼望能刺激病人更加好地照顾自己 in hopes of motivating a patient to take better care of himself
　　清晰并拟定 be clear and certain
双向 a two-way street

医患关系
【翻译原文】
　　医患关系是一种人际互动，并且医生也是人。她们不想让病人心烦，也不想让病人伤心或流泪。但她们也需要成为专业人士，因此她们需要找一种有效沟通措施。
　　对于医生们来说，结识到这一点是至关核心。由于尽管谎言是善意，但研究表白病人们更爱慕真相，她们宁可听到坏消息，也不乐意对对糟糕身体状况一无所知。完全知情是病人能对所要发生任何事情进行解决和做好准备一种途径。
　　【参照译文】
　　The doctor-patient relationship is a human interaction, and doctors are human too. They don’t want to upset their patients, and neither do they want their patients to look unhappy or shed tears. But they also need to be professionals, so they need to find out an effective way of communicating.
　　That’s critical for doctors to realize, because as well-intentioned as their lies may be, studies show that patients prefer the truth, and would rather hear bad news than remain ignorant about a terrible physical condition. Being fully informed is a way that patients can cope and prepare for whatever might occur.
　　【核心表达】
　　医患关系 the doctor-patient relationship
　　她们不想让病人心烦，也不想让病人伤心或流泪。They don’t want to upset their patients, and neither do they want their patients to look unhappy or shed tears.（注：注意这句话翻译和neither使用措施。）
　　善意 well-intentioned
宁可听到坏消息，也不乐意对对糟糕身体状况一无所知　would rather hear bad news than remain ignorant about a terrible physical condition（注：注意这句话翻译和would rather...than...使用措施，背面所有用动词原形。）

文化
【翻译原文】
　　文化是一种很广泛概念，给它下一种严格和对旳定义是一件很困难事情。笼统地说，文化是一种社会现象，是人们长期发明形成产物，同步又是一种历史现象，是社会历史积淀物（sediment）。确切地说，文化是可以被传承国家或民族历史、地理、风土人情、老式习俗、生活措施、文学艺术、行为规范、思维措施、价值观念等，是人类之间进行交流普遍承认一种可以传承意识形态（ideology）。
　　【参照译文】
　　Culture is a very broad concept, and it is extremely difficult to define it strictly and exactly. Generally speaking, culture is a social phenomenon, which is a product created by people for ages. And it is also a historical phenomenon, which is sediment of social history. To be exact, culture is national and ethnic history, geography, local customs and practices, traditional custom, lifestyles, literature and arts, behavioral norms, the way of thinking, values and so on, which can be inherited. And it is also a kind of ideology of inheritance, which is widely recognized in communication of human beings.
　　【核心表达】
　　人们长期发明形成产物 a product created by people for ages
　　确切地说 to be exact (=exactly speaking 注：由于前文用到了generally speaking，故本处换种表达措施。）
风土人情 local customs and practices

贺岁片
【翻译原文】
　　“贺岁片”(New Year films)一词是由香港传入内地。贺岁片是指在元旦、春节期间上映电影。欢乐和放松是观众在逢年过节、特别是春节期间普遍追求,这就决定了贺岁片风格:轻松、风趣，具有强烈欣赏性和娱乐性。因此贺岁片多和百姓节日期间喜庆生活和习俗有关,形式多是娱乐性、消遣性较强喜剧片和动作片。贺岁片不仅为节日增长了喜庆氛围，还带给观众不断笑声和颇多愉悦。
　　【参照译文】
The phrase New Year films was spread to mainland from Hong Kong. New Year films refer to films shown/released during the New Year or the Spring Festival. It is a common pursuit of the audience to be happy and relaxed during festivals, especially the Spring Festival. This decides the style of New Year films: easy, humorous and highly valuable in appreciation and entertainment. So New Year films are related to people's happy life and customs during festivals, and most of them are recreational comedies and action movies. New Year films not only add joyous atmosphere to festivals, but also bring continuous laughter and much pleasure to the audience.

占座
【翻译原文】
　　占座现象是大学校园内普遍现象，甚至已经发展成一种不成文规定，一种“潜规则(a hidden rule)”。不管是在教室、食堂还是图书馆，一般座位资源相对稀缺地方，所有不难看到占座现象。对于这种现象浮现，人们各持己见，褒贬不一。学校座位资源有限，这已经是人尽皆知事实。在同窗们面临期末考试、司法考试、英语四六级考试等诸多考试压力同步，还要腾出精力去占座，使忙碌学习生活平添烦恼。
　　【参照译文】
Occupying a seat is common in universities. It has even become an unwritten rule and a hidden rule. Anywhere where seats are relatively rare, be it classroom, canteen or library, occupying a seat happens. People differ in their opinions about this phenomenon. Some agree while some disapprove of it. It is a widely-known fact that seats on campus are limited. Under huge pressure of examinations like the final examination, judicial examination, CET-4 and CET-6, students have to spare time to occupy a seat, which makes busy studying life more disturbing.

打车难
【翻译原文】
　　打车难已经成为大都市人们生活中较为普遍问题。都市人口规模扩大，人类社会活动不断多元(diversification)化所有增长了对出租车需求。随着都市交通拥堵状况不断加剧，为避免堵车影响收人，上下班高峰时段诸多司机不乐意跑拥堵路段和主城区，导致市民在部分交通枢纽、商业中心、医院周边很难打到出租车。都市建设影响了出租车使用效率。出租车行业不规范，拒载行为屡屡发生，这也是导致打车难人为因素。
　　【参照译文】
It has been a common problem in large city residents' life that it's hard to take a taxi. The increase of urban population and diversification of social activities make the demand for taxi rise. As the traffic jam becomes worse in cities，to guarantee personal income, many taxi drivers refuse to drive on busy roads and main urban areas, which makes it difficult for many citizens to take a taxi near some transportation junctions, commercial centers and hospitals. City construction affects the efficiency of taxi. Being not standard in the taxi industry and taxi drivers' often refusing to take passengers are the human factors that make it difficult to take a taxi.

【翻译原文】

　　3D眼镜协助医生在看不清双手时候进行外科手术。目前戴着3D眼镜并非只有电影爱好者，一项新研究表白3D眼镜也能让医生获益。过去，医生对于工作中使用3D技术持怀疑态度，她们更乐意依托自身经验。但由于3D眼镜或甚至不需要眼镜3D技术，这种状况也许要有所变化了。在行业人士资助下，对50场手术研究发现新技术使用提高了手术对旳性和速度。

　　【参照译文】

　　3D glasses help doctors perform surgery when their hands are obscured from view. Moviegoers are not the only ones wearing 3D glasses nowadays. A new study suggests that doctors could benefit from them, too. In the past, doctors have been skeptical of using 3D technology in their work, preferring to rely on their own experience. But that may change, thanks to improved 3D glasses and even glasses-free technology. Funded by industry sponsors, the study of 50 surgeons finds that use of the new technology improves surgical precision and speed.

　　【核心表达】

　　进行外科手术 perform surgery

　　对……持怀疑态度 be skeptical of...

　　更乐意依托自身经验 prefer to rely on their own experience(注意该句同用一种主语，后一种动词用动词目前分词形式)

　　提高手术对旳性和速度 improve surgical precision and speed

　计量，古称度量衡，是实现单位制统一，保证量值对旳可靠活动，是现代国家经济、科技、社会发展核心基本。计量历史悠久，关系国计民生。公元前2秦朝建立，秦始皇统一度量衡，成为中国古代统一计量制度里程碑。1875年5月20日《米制公约》签订，开辟了全球范畴内履行国际单位制近代计量新纪元。以量子物理为基本现代计量科学技术研究和应用，为人类文明发展提供了更加对旳现代计量技术保障。1999年第21届国际计量大会决定：自 起，每十二个月5月20日为“世界计量日”。 世界计量日中国宣传专项和国际专项一致，为“计量和光”。
　参照译文：
　　Measurement, which is called metrology in ancient times, isthe important foundation of social development of the modern countries’ economy, science and technology. It has a long history and plays an important role in national welfare and the people's livelihood. Established in 221 BC, in the Qin dynasty, Qinshihuang unified weights and measures, and became a unified system for the measurement of milestone in ancient China. On May 20th, 1875, the signing of the convention on metric, opened up a worldwide to implement new era of modern international system of units of measurement. Based on quantum physics, research and application of modern measurement science and technology, provides more accurate modern metrology technical supportfor the development of humancivilization. In 1999, the 21st international conference on measurement made a decision that since , May 20 is for "World Metrology Day". China's propaganda theme of is in line with international themefor "measurement and light".

　中国自古就有“修身、齐家、治国、平天下”古训(maxim)。齐家指便是成家立业，成家不能没有自己一套房子。因此，房子成为中国人有家、有归属感核心标志，并深人人心。房子在人们观念中核心地位，使得房子不仅仅是居住环境体现，更是个人身份体现。根深蒂固老式观念和强烈家归属感，吸引着都市生活中这样一群忠实而又执着“买房族”。也可以说，中国房价之因此一路飙升和中国人购房观念是密不可分。
　参照译文：
　　There has been an old maxim“Cultivate the mind,and then regulate the femily, state and world”sinceancient China.Regulating the family refers to gettingmarried and starting one's career.However, gettingmarried cannot come true without ahouse.Therefore,it is deeply rooted in Chinese people's mind that house is an important signalof home and gives them a sense of belonging.The importance attached to house makes houseboth a symbol of living environment and a symbol of individual status.The deeply rootedtraditional concept and strong sense of belonging attract many loyal and persistent people inthe city to join the group which struggles to buy a house.You could say the soaring price ofhouse in China is closely related to Chinese people's idea about house.