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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。不能作为科学依据。,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。不能作为科学依据。,Advanced English Grammar,第三讲 状语从句,左雁,北京物资学院外语学院,Adverbial clauses,1/74,定义：,复合句中由,从句,表示,状语,称作状语从句，它能够用来,修饰谓语,（包含非谓语动词）、,定语,或,状语,，或是,整个句子,。,2/74,注意问题：,1.,准确掌握连词含义。,2.,主从句时态呼应。,3/74,状语从句普通分为九大类,时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目状语从句 结果状语从句 条件状语从句 方式状语从句 比较状语从句 让步状语从句,4/74,1.,时间状语从句：,引导,时间状语从句,连词,有：,when,while,as,the moment,before,after,till,until,since,as soon as,等。,注意,when,while,as,区分,5/74,When,：,当,时候,通常指,某一特定时间点,，主句与从句,动作同时发生,。,我有时间就去看你。,When,I have time,I will go to see you.,6/74,I was walking along the street,when,I met him,.,I was about to fall asleep,when,my sister came in,.,英译汉：,7/74,One evening,little Hans was sitting near the fire,when,he heard a loud knock at the door,.,When,：通常主句是进行时或,be about to,时，在翻译时候，,when,能够译成没想到或突然。,8/74,When,当从句是进行时，主句是普通时，往往表示,不满,。,Someone knocked at the door,when,I was having breakfast,.,When,I was leaving the house,the postman arrived.,9/74,While,：在,期间，往往指,一段时间,。,While,we were in America,we saw him twice.,While,we were talking,he came in.,10/74,While,：表示一个不满情绪，意思是这边在干某种主要事，而另一边在享受等。,We are cleaning the classroom,while,they are playing the football,.,11/74,As,：,一边,一边,伴随,She was doing her homework,as,she was listening to the music,.,As,she grew older,she became more beautiful.,12/74,The moment,：一,就,=as soon as,immediately,-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?,-Yes,I gave her,the moment,I saw her,.,13/74,Not until,-,直到,才,He didnt leave the office,until,he finished the work,.,=He left the office,when,he finished the work,.,Not until,能够和,when,交换,14/74,Before,-,在,之前,The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour,before,the flight departs,.,15/74,It was not long,before,I forgot it all,.,(It was/will be before,是惯用句型,),16/74,Since,：自从,通常。,主句用现在完成时,I have never been there again,since,I graduated from the university,.,17/74,It is just a week,since,we arrived here,.,(It is/has been since,是惯用句型）,18/74,No sooner than,-,一,就,No sooner,had he arrived than,he went away again.,no sooner than,用于句首要求倒装,Hardly when,Scarcely when,19/74,考点一：,当主句用未来时或普通现在时，由,when,as soon as,after,before,until,the moment/the minute/the instance,once,等引导状语从句要用普通时。如主句是普通现在时，,as soon as,有时用现在完成时。,20/74,We will go for a walk after the wind _.,A.will stop B.stops,C.stopped D.is going to stop,We will start as soon as she _.,A.returns B.will return,C.returning D.returned,21/74,He is sure to call you as soon as he_.,A.will finish B.has finished,C.had finished D.is going to finish,I will wait here till the concert _ over.,A.was B.will be C./D.is,22/74,考点二：,由,“,by,”,引发状语从句，假如是过去时，主句要用过去完成时；假如是未来时，主句要用未来完成时或未来进行时。,By the end of when she left the university,she _(work)there for 20 years.,had worked,23/74,By the year when the industrial development area is completed,this city,s economy _(grow)faster.,will have grown,By next summer when he is to be promoted as dean of the department,he _(teach)here for 15 years.,will have been teaching,24/74,考点三：,测试,no sooner,than,和,hardly,when,使用方法。一是测试结构：从句表示,“,一,就,”,前半部分用过去完成时，后半部分用普通过去时；二是测试,no sooner/hardly,置于句首部分倒装结构。,25/74,He had no sooner arrived home _ he was asked to start on another journey.,A.when B.after C.before D.than,No sooner _ arrived home when he was asked start on another journey.,had he,26/74,We had hardly got into the country _ it began to rain.,A.than B.after C.when D.before,_ got into the country when it began to rain.,Hardly had we,27/74,2.,地点状语从句,惯用连接词：,where,特殊连接词：,wherever,anywhere,everywhere,Wherever there is love,there is also success.,28/74,I am determined to succeed _ I failed.,A.if B.so long as C.after D.where,_ we go,we must build up good relations with the masses.,A.Where B.Wherever C.Whenever,29/74,3.,条件状语从句,引导状语从句连接词有,:,If,unless,as long as,in case,provided that,on condition that,30/74,If,:,假如,If,you dont hurry up,you will miss the plane.,Unless,:,除非,=if not,We can,t get there on time,unless,we book the earliest flight.,31/74,As long as,:,只要,We will succeed,as long as,we keep on trying,.,As(so)far as,:,据,所知,As far as,I know,he speaks English very well.,32/74,Provided that,:,假如,有时省略,that,The plane will be in good condition,provided that,it is taken care of carefully.,The mother promised to the son to buy him a toy airplane,on condition that,he passes his English test,.,On condition that,:,条件是,33/74,4.,原因状语从句,because,as,since,now that,considering that,seeing that,这六个连词都用于表示原因,在语气上一个比一个弱,.,34/74,试比较,because,as,since,for,I didn,t go,_ I was afraid.,because,_ the weather is do bad,we have to delay our journey.,Since/As,He is absent today,_ he is ill.,because/for,He must be ill,_ he is absent today.,for,35/74,_ you know the significance of this economic reform,you should not complain any more.,A.When B.Now that C.Until D.Although,The boss felt a bit worried,not that his employees were not working hard,_ they did not pay enough attention to safety.,A.but that B.but also C.however that,36/74,5.,结果状语从句,引导结果状语从句连词有：,that,so that,sothat,suchthat,37/74,So that:,太,以至于,so,后面应用形容词或副词,有时省略,so,只用,that,Boeing 747 is,so,large,that,people like to call it jet bomb,.,Speak louder please,so that,the people at the back can hear you,.,So that:,因而,;,方便。有时,so,能够省去,38/74,such that,：,太,以至于。使用方法与,sothat,相同，但,such,后面应用名词。,The foreign visitor was,such,a fast speaker,that,nobody could understand him,.,39/74,6.目状语从句,常用连接词：so that,in order that,特殊连接词：for fear that,lest,in case,on purpose that,in the hope that,考点一：考察that从句表示目,Lets take the front seat _ we may see more clearly.,A.unless B.if C.that D.in case,40/74,考点二：考查,lest/for fear that/in order that/,引发虚拟语气,(should+,动词原形,),。,He is keeping quiet,for fear that he disturb/should disturb/may disturb,his father.,Lest/In case the wall should collapse,they evacuated the building.,The police issued a warning,in order that the public should be,aware of the danger.,41/74,He wrote the name down lest he _ forget it.,A.had B.will C./D.could,You,d better set your alarm clock _ you should oversleep.,A.before B.if C.while D.lest,42/74,7.,比较状语从句,惯用连接词：,than,as,特殊连接词（比较句型）：,the more,the more,just as,so,A is to B what/as C is to D,no more than,43/74,Trees along this river are taller than _.,A.those along the river B.that river,C.along the river D.that along the river,In we produced three times _ much grain as we did in.,A.so B.as C.such D.like,44/74,8.,让步状语从句,引导让步状语从句连词有：,Although,though,as,even if,even though,no matter,however,whatever,while,whether,45/74,考点一：考查,though/although,搭配，主句切忌用,but,（有时能够用,yet,）。,Although we are short of manpower,_ we,ll try to finish the work in time.,A./B.but C.however D.even,46/74,Though,he did his best,he didnt succeed.,Child,though,he was,he did quite well.,Although,though,-,即使,although,和,though,能够交换，但,although,常放在句首。,Though,能够用于倒装。,47/74,考点二：考查由倒装语序引导让步状语丛句。,_,they actually have meager knowledge.,A.Talented though these writers may appear,B.These writers may appear talented though,C.These writers may appear talented,D.These writers appear talented,48/74,_,the army had great fighting capacity.,A.It was small B.It were small,C.Small as it was D.Small as was it,_,I couldn,t lift the stone.,A.Try as I might B.As I might try,C.As might I try D.As try I might,49/74,9.,方式状语从句,方式状语从句常由,:,as,as if,as though,引导,50/74,考点：考查,as if/though,引发虚拟语气,1,）表示和,现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑，用过去式,He felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened.,She spoke to me as if I were/was deaf.,2,）表示,过去想象中动作或情况，用过去完成式,This device operates/operated as though it had been repaired.,51/74,I usually watch TV in the evening _ I have to study for an examination.,A.the moment B.unless C.because,As far as I _,I don,t think it,s to go there alone.,A.am concerned B.am concerning,C.concerned D.concerning,52/74,One feels it hard to fit in with a new culture _ he has been accustomed to his own culture.,A.the moment B.now that C.which D.as,_ reason you may give,you ought not to have left homework unfinished.,A.However B.No matter C.What D.Whatever,53/74,1._ you decide to take up,you should try to make it a success.,A.If B.Whenever C.Unless D.Whatever,状语从句综合练习,54/74,2.It is foolish to take a taxi you can easily walk to the station.,A.before B.that C.unless D.when,55/74,3.Ill accept any job,_ I dont have to get up early.,A.even though B.though C.in case D.as long as,56/74,4._ problems you have,you can always come to,me for help.,A.What B.Whatever C.Whichever D.Which,57/74,5._ much advice I gave him,he did exactly what he wanted to do.,A.How B.Whatever C.However D.No matter,58/74,6.-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?,-Yes.I gave it to her _ I saw her.,A.while B.the moment C.suddenly D.once,59/74,7.If we work with a strong will,we can overcome any difficulty,_ great it is.,A.what B.how C.however D.whatever,60/74,8.I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.,A.since B.so that C.as if D.unless,61/74,9.John plays football _,if not better than,David.,A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as,62/74,10.-What was the party like?,-Wonderful.Its years,_ I enjoyed myself so,much.,A.after,B.when,C.before,D.since,63/74,11.Dont change your mind,_ happens to you.,A.which B.what C.whichever D.whatever,64/74,12._ he comes,we wont be able to go.,A.Without B.Unless C.Except D.Even,65/74,13.Nobody believed him _ what he said.,A.even though B.even if C.no matter D.because,66/74,14.I was watching TV _ suddenly the lights went out.,A.when B.while C.as D.for,67/74,15.Take your umbrella with you _ it rains.,A.if B.as if,C.in case D.as long as,68/74,16.No sooner _ entered the office _I heard the telephone ringing.,A.had I,when B.I had,than C.had I,than D.I had,when,69/74,17.I had hardly arrived _ he started crying to go home.,A.as B.for C.when D.until,70/74,18.It wont be long _ you regret what you said.,A.since B.when C.before D.till,71/74,19.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she_.,A.will arrive B.arrives C.is going to arrive D.is arriving,72/74,20._ the day went on,the weather got worse.,A.With B.Since C.While D.As,73/74,Homework:,状语从句练习（,1-53),74/74,
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