2022年天津大学级英语在线测试样题.doc

自己整顿旳答案，题旳顺序也许会不同样，但愿对人们有协助！
填空：
What the mass media offers is not popular art, but entertainment which is intended to be _______ like food, forgotten, and replaced by a new dish.
选择一项：
expended
spent
paid
consumed 
For many people, an important aspect of overcoming Internet and computer addiction is to find _______ ways to handle these difficult feelings.
选择一项：
alternative 
permanent
changeable
renewable
Water purification is the _______ of contaminants from raw water to produce drinking water that is pure enough for human consumption or for industrial use.
选择一项：
departure
dismissal
refusal
removal 
In modern times, a handful of technological wonders that started out as novelties, have become _______ to our daily routines.
选择一项：
liable有责任，有义务旳
vulnerable易受伤害旳
compatible 兼容旳，和谐旳
indispensable不可缺少
It's true that humanity has seen a ________ of crises, wars and atrocities, but this negative side is offset by advances in technology and cultural exchanges.
选择一项：
pair
succession继承人，一系列 （a succession of一连串旳）
line 
fraction分数（a fraction of 一小部分）
From primitive developments such as the wheel and paper to today's high-tech gadgets, there's certainly no _______ of impressive developments that have changed the way we live and work.
选择一项：
use
shortage
sense 
matter
There is only one way to happiness and that is to cease worrying about things which are _______ the power of our will.
选择一项：
beyond 
by
through
off
Engineers may help produce guided missiles, industrial robots, or _______ limbs for the physically handicapped.
选择一项：
artificial 
articulate
artistic
authentic
Most studies on innovation（创新，改革） have shown that it is often more difficult for large corporations to _______ the same level of creativity and freedom as start-ups.
选择一项：
maintain保持，维持
contain
sustain 维持;支撑，支持;遭受
refrain 克制，克制
Most new technologies, with the exception of those associated with weaponry, have had hugely ________ effects for most people extending our capabilities and indeed our lives to an extent that our ancestors could not have imagined.
选择一项：
beneficial
urgent 急切旳
formal
harmful
Economists have long focused on the concept of education as an investment that, on average, _______ well over the long term, for both individual students and society as a whole.
选择一项：
makes for 
pays for
pays off还款，使…得益于
makes up
Email, blogs, social networks, instant messaging, and message boards allow for both public and _______ communication about any topic.
选择一项：
wordless
confidential秘密旳，密切旳
verbal 口头旳，非书面旳
anonymous匿名旳
While time spent online can be hugely productive, compulsive Internet use can _______ daily life, work, and relationships.
选择一项：
take up
break through
makes for
interfere with 
Electronic files are replacing ________ filing cabinets, and intelligent facsimile and copying machines are appearing together with a variety of printers able to print anything from letter-quality characters to four color diagrams.
选择一项：
considerate
conventional 
consequent
conversational
Of course, music can be distracting if it's too loud or too jarring, or if it _______ for our attention with what we're trying to do.
选择一项：
inquires
competes 
preaches
applies
In many cases, what we say is less important than how we say it or the other _______ signals we send out, such as eye contact, facial expression, tone of voice, and gesture.
选择一项：
oral
nonverbal 
warning
electronic
Whether its checking the weather, e-mail, or bank account, smartphones have made mobile connectivity so _______ that today’s younger generations seem much more “addicted” to their smartphones.
选择一项：
accessible
imaginable
feasible 可行旳，也许旳
visible
Some people may be required to work shifts or excessive hours, whilst others feel they simply cannot _______ targets they see as unrealistic.
选择一项：
complete 
acquire
meet
obtain
Universities, employers and professional bodies all _______ the need for effective engineers to have skills in management and business.
选择一项：
accredit 委托，授权于
acknowledge
admit
acquaint使熟悉，使结识

One of the most sincere forms of respect is _______ listening to what another has to say.
选择一项：
daily
virtually
actually 
finally
排序：
· the two influenza researchers 
· whose work has triggered a far-reaching debate 
· could hardly have handled 
· their publicity more differently 
· on the limits of scientific freedom 
答案：
the two influenza researchers
whose work has triggered a far-reaching debate
on the limits of scientific freedom
could hardly have handled
their publicity more differently
· other theories posit that 
· dark energy is a temporary 
· and that matter’s gravitational pull will one day take over 
· phenomenon like inflation, 
· and temper the universe’s growth spurt 
答案：
other theories posit that
dark energy is a temporary
phenomenon like inflation,
and that matter’s gravitational pull will one day take over
and temper the universe’s growth spurt
· the more familiar an engineer or scientist is 
· with the various characteristics 
· the more proficient and confident he or she will be 
· in making judicious materials choices based on these criteria 
· as well as processing techniques of materials 
答案：
the more familiar an engineer or scientist is
with the various characteristics
as well as processing techniques of materials 
the more proficient and confident he or she will be
in making judicious materials choices based on these criteria
· the measurements so far lend 
· support to the leading theory that 
· the more the universe expands, the stronger dark energy becomes 
· dark energy is a natural property 
· of empty space: 
答案：
the measurements so far lend
support to the leading theory that
dark energy is a natural property
of empty space:
the more the universe expands, the stronger dark energy becomes
· another reason for studying management 
· is the reality that for most of you, 
· once you graduate from college 
· and begin your career 
· you will either manage or be managed 

· scientists believe something began 
· pressing the gas pedal again, causing 
· expansion to accelerate once more 
· but as the universe got larger and 
· matter got more diluted, 
答案：
but as the universe got larger and
matter got more diluted,
scientists believe something began
pressing the gas pedal again, causing
expansion to accelerate once more
· the team then compared 
· its measured rate with 
· those from more recent eras to conclude that 
· the universe’s expansion was 
· slowing at that time 

· a materials scientist is to develop or synthesize 
· new materials, whereas a materials engineer 
· using existing materials 
· is called upon to create new products or systems 
· from a functional perspective, the role of 
答案：
from a functional perspective, the role of
a materials scientist is to develop or synthesize
new materials, whereas a materials engineer
is called upon to create new products or systems
using existing materials
· we always try to have 
· a strong global dimension in our research and development, 
· and our scientists see international 
· cooperation as an integral 
· part of our modern research community 

· detecting the presence of populations 
· of rare and threatened animal species 
· is a challenge for conservation planners and managers 
· especially in habitats like lakes and rivers 
· where an animal leaves little or no macroscopic trace 

· ?.In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to "push" information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers. Most notably, the Pointcast Network uses a screen saver to deliver a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers' computer monitors. 
· ?.In the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market. More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion, companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another. Such business-to-business sales make sense because business people typically know what product they're looking for. 
· 3.Another major shift in the model for Internet commerce concerns the technology available for marketing. Until recently, Internet marketing activities have focused on strategies to "pull" customers into sites. 
· ?.Subscribers can customize the information they want to receive and proceed directly to a company's Web site. Companies such as Virtual Vineyards are already starting to use similar technologies to push messages to customers about special sales, product offerings, or other events. 
· ?.Nonetheless, many companies still hesitate to use the Web because of doubts about its reliability. "Businesses need to feel they can trust the pathway between them and the supplier," says senior analyst Blane Erwin of Forrester Research. Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the company's private intranet. 
答案：
In the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market. More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion, companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another. Such business-to-business sales make sense because business people typically know what product they're looking for.
Nonetheless, many companies still hesitate to use the Web because of doubts about its reliability. "Businesses need to feel they can trust the pathway between them and the supplier," says senior analyst Blane Erwin of Forrester Research. Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the company's private intranet.
Another major shift in the model for Internet commerce concerns the technology available for marketing. Until recently, Internet marketing activities have focused on strategies to "pull" customers into sites.
In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to "push" information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers. Most notably, the Pointcast Network uses a screen saver to deliver a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers' computer monitors.
Subscribers can customize the information they want to receive and proceed directly to a company's Web site. Companies such as Virtual Vineyards are already starting to use similar technologies to push messages to customers about special sales, product offerings, or other events.
完型答案：
The simple act of surrendering a telephone number to a store clerk may not seem harmful—so much so that many consumers do it with no questions asked. Yet that one action can set in motion a cascade of silent events, as that data point is acquired, analyzed,   categorized, stored and sold over and over again. Future  attacks  on your privacy may come from anywhere, from anyone with money to purchase that phone number you   surrendered. If you doubt the multiplier effect, consider your e-mail inbox. If it's loaded with spam, it's   undoubtedly because at some point in time you unknowingly surrendered your e-mall to the wrong Web site.
Do you think your telephone number or address is handled differently? A cottage industry of small companies with names you've   probably never heard of—like Acxiom or Merlin—buy and sell your personal information   the way other commodities like corn or cattle futures are bartered. You may think your cell phone is unlisted, but if you've ever ordered a pizza, it might not be. Merlin is one of many commercial data   brokers that advertises sale of unlisted phone numbers   compiled from various sources—including pizza delivery companies.
These unintended, unpredictable consequences that flow from simple actions make privacy   issues difficult to grasp, and grapple with. It is hard to deny, however, that people behave different when they're being watched. And it is also impossible to   deny that Americans are now being watched more than at any time in history.