自考英语二--unit-3-a-tribute-to-the-dog(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Unit,3 Text,B,A Tribute to the Dog,New words,prone,He was,prone to,anger.他易于发怒。,These plants are peculiarly,（,尤其地,）,prone to,disease.这些植物特别容易发生病变。,For all her experience,she was still,prone to,nerves.尽管有经验，她还是容易紧张。,He is,prone to,lose his temper when people disagree with him.人家一不同意他的意见，他就发脾气。,The survey made by scientists shows that kids are all,prone to,eat junk food.,settle,settle down 定居,平静下来,集中精力做;开始认真做,One day Ill want to settle down and have a family.,总有一天，我会想安定下来，成个家。,We saw the therapist four times,and the children have now settled down.,我们去看了四次治疗专家，现在孩子们已经稳定下来了。,They,settled down to,some serious work.,他们着手做一些重要的工作。(安定下来专心于),settle,Ill,settle up with,them soon.我很快就会跟他们清账。,How do you wish to,settle account,sir.In cash or by credit card?您想怎么结帐，用现金还是信用卡？,Within the White House itself,things were beginning to,settle into a pattern,.在白宫内部，事情已开始步入正轨。,It takes a few months to,settle into,life at college.要过好几个月才会适应大学生活。,privilege,n.特权,vt.给与特权，特免,overdo your privilege,abuse your privilege,enjoy the privilege,We want to privilege them because without the top graduate students,we cant remain a top university.,我们希望给予这些最顶尖的研究生特别照顾，因为没有他们，我们就无法继续处于一流大学之列。,pursue v.pursuit n.,She had come to England to pursue an acting career.,她来英格兰投身演艺事业。,He,is desperate to,pursue his vocation as an artist.他不顾一切地从事艺术的职业。,turn against 背叛,turn out to 变成,His well-planned party consequencely turned out to be a disaster.,turn over 移交给；翻阅；把翻过来；,turn down 拒绝；向下转折,in turn 轮流，依次,turn in 交上；归还；,They answered the teachers questions in turn.,The lawyer turned over the release papers.,律师提交了释放文书。,I thanked him for the offer but turned it down,我谢绝了他的提议,if only,If only I had gone by taxi.假若我是乘计程车去的就好了。,If only she could marry me!她要是能嫁给我就好了。,only if只要就；,You can make progress only if you are modest.惟虚心乃能进步。,stick by 坚持忠于，不离不弃,Shed,stuck by,Bob,through thick and thin,.,她和鲍勃患难与共。,They vowed to,stick by,one another no matter what happened.他们立誓生死与共。,U.S.to,stick by,one China policy.,布来特：美将固守一个中国政策。,stick to遵守；保留；紧跟；忠于,Police must,stick to,the highest standards if they are to win back public confidence.,要想重新赢得公众的信任，警方必须紧遵最高标准。,Perhaps he should have stuck to writing.,也许他应该一心放在写作上。,heaven,Heaven knows 天知道;谁晓得,Heaven knows,what they put in it.,天知道他们在里面放了些什么。,（用于以 what、when、who、why 及 how 开头的疑问句中表示强调）到底，究竟,Where,in heavens name,was she?,她到底在哪儿？,但愿不会这样,Heaven forbid,/perish the thought,Fish,do you take Tony,as your lawful husband,to have and to hold,from this day forward,for better,for worse,for richer,for poorer,in sickness,and in health,till death do you part.,Yes,I do!,Fish,Er,thank you for being the love of my life,the person I will share all my dreams,my desires,my plans and my ventures,whole of everything,thank you for being my partner in my life and filling my half percent of life,I feel the happiest person alive with you,with love,always fish,感谢你成为我生命中的挚爱，成为我的唯一，分享我所有的梦想、渴望、蓝图、冒险，以及更多的一切，感谢你成为我今后生命中的伴侣，只要跟你一起活着，我就觉得自己是世界上最快乐的人，永远！永远！,熟读深思,朗读下列被动句,体会被动语态的用法;观察谓语部分,思考各种时态被动语态的构成。,1.The G8,is made up,of political leaders.,被动语态,2.The Group of Eight,or G8,was formed,by eight of the worlds wealthiest nations in 1998.,3.The news,is being celebrated,by crowds in the streets.,4.At 12:45 UK time today,the name of the host city for the 2012 Olympic Games,was being announced,by IOC in Singapore.(M4,P 23),5.Reforms,have been demanded,by people from all over the world.(M4，P 22),6.Londons name,had been announced,twice before.(M4,P 23),7.It,is going to be remembered,as a historical meeting this year,as the topic of Africa will be discussed in detail.(M4,P22),8.They want the leaders to cancel the debt of Africas poorest countries so that the problems there,can be prevented,from getting any worse.,不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁,或者需要突出或强调动作的承受者时,就用被动语态。被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成，时态、人称和数的变化是通过be来体现的。以do为例,请完成下表：,归纳总结,时态,被动语态的构成,1,一般现在时,am/is/are+done,2,一般过去时,was/were+done,3,现在进行时,am/is/are being+done,4,过去进行时,was/were being+done,5,现在完成时,have been+done,6,过去完成时,had been+done,7,一般将来时,be going to/will be+done,8,含情态动词,情态动词+be+done,1.只有及物动词才有被动语态。,2.像happen，take place等不及物动词是没有被动语态的。,注意：,3.带有介词的短语动词的被动语态,不要漏掉介词。如：,The children will be looked after well here.这些孩子在这里将受到很好的照顾。,4.以下情况常用主动形式表示被动含义：,系动词feel，look，seem,appear，taste，sound，smell，prove，remain等用主动形式表示被动意义,主语通常是事物。如：,The material feels very soft.这种料子摸起来很柔软。,write，read,clean，sell，wash,cook，open，close，lock等的否定式或与well,badly,easily等副词连用,主语由内在品质或性能使谓语得以实现或不能实现时。如：,The book sells well.那本书很畅销。,The window wont open.这扇窗开不了。,cook，bake，make，print，pack，build，work out等动词用于进行时态时。如：,The fish is cooking.鱼正在煮。,非谓语动词解题方法如下：,首先要判断括号中所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；若是谓语动词，,一是根据主语与谓语动词的关系判断用主动语态还是被动语态；,二是根据具体的语境来判断用哪一种时态；,三是要注意主谓一致，最后才能确定所填动词的形式。,注意：,在确定谓语动词的时态时,我们可从三个方面来进行判断：,1.看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句；,2.在没有时间状语或时间状语从句时,要看上下文的谓语动词的形式；,3.看是否是特殊的句型。如：,was/were about to do.when.did,It is/has been+时间段+since 从句(一般过去时),It had been+时间段+since 从句(过去完成时),It will be+时间段+since 从句(一般现在时),It/This/That is the first time that.have/has done.,It/This/That was the first time that.had done.,Hadly had+主语+done.when.did.,No sooner had+主语+done.than.did.,这样的句型还有很多,平时要注意积累。,1.If you dont like the drink you _(order)just leave it and try a different one.,灵活运用,根据此句意可知,“点饮料”已经发生了,否则怎么知道自己不喜欢呢？所以空格处用一般过去时。,ordered,2.Ill go to the library as soon as I finish what I _(do).,句意是：我一完成我做的工作就去图书馆。由于“去图书馆”用的是一般将来时,说明要完成的工作是“现在”正在做的事情,故用现在进行时。,am doing,3.The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant _(give)in his place but,luckily,everything was going on smoothly.,根据句中的was worried about和everything was going on smoothly可知选用过去进行时。句意为：经理担心着他的助手代替他所举办的新闻发布会。但幸运的是，一切进展顺利。,was giving,4.It is the most instructive lecture that I _(attend)since I came to this school.,当一个受最高级形容词修饰的名词受到定语从句的修饰时，该定语从句既可用一般过去时，也可用现在完成时，但由于其后接了一个since引导的时间状语从句，故空格处应填现在完成时。,have attended,5.In the last few years thousands of films _(produce)all over the world.,时间状语in the last few years通常要与现在完成时连用。,have been produced,6.Last month,the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they _(receive)from China.,从时间上看,应该是先得到援助,然后才表示感谢,由于“表达”用的是一般过去时(expressed),所以“得到援助”就应用过去完成时（had received）。,had received,7.By the time Jack returned home from England,his son _(graduate)from college.,显然，儿子大学毕业在先,杰克返回家在后。而“返回”家用的是一般过去时（returned）,故儿子大学毕业要用过去完成时（had graduated）。,had graduated,8.Tom _(work)in the library every night over the last three months.,因over the last three months这类时间状语通常通常与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用。,has been working,9.Tommy is planning to buy a car.,I know.By next month,he _ _(save)enough for a used one.,表示到将来某时(next month)为止预计要完成的情况,英语要用将来完成。,will have,saved,10.Is everyone here？,Not yet.Look,there _(come)the rest of our guests!,由于以here和there开头引出的倒装句通常只用于一般时态,又因为句子主语the rest of our guests为复数,故填come。,come,11.Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _(wear)evening dress.,根据句意,此处谈的是一般情况,要用一般现在时;由于one of the women前有only修饰,说明其后的定语从句是修饰one的,而不是修饰women的,所以定语从句中的谓语动词要用单数;故填wears。,wears,12.Every few years,the coal workers _(have)their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.,根据句中的every few years(每隔几年)可知,动作带有经常性和规律性,故用一般现在时。,have,13.The book has been translated into thirty languages since it _(come)on the market in 1973.,主句用现在完成时,since引导的从句用一般过去时。,14.When you are home,give a call to let me know you _(arrive)safely.,根据常识,说话人应该是叫对方“已经”到家后才打电话报平安,故选现在完成时。,came,have arrived,15.Up to now,the program _(save)thousands of children who would otherwise have died.,短语up to now的意思是“到现在为止”,指从过去某时开始持续到现在的一段时间,通常与现在完成时连用。,has saved,16.For many years,people _(dream)of electric cars.However,making them has been more difficult than predicted.,根据句意和句中的时态以及for many years(多年来)可知,要用现在完成时。,have dreamed,17.In the near future,more advances in the robot technology _(make)by scientists.,根据句意和空格后的介词by可知,空格处应用被动语态;再根据句中的in the near future可知,应用一般将来时。,will be made,18.Experiments of this kind _ _(conduct)in both the U.S and Europe well before the Second World War.,由于主语experiments(实验)与动词conduct(实施)之间为被动关系,故谓语动词应用被动语态;又因为the Second World War为过去时间,所以before the Second World War就是“过去的过去”,因此用过去完成时。,had been,conducted,19.After getting lost in a storm,a member of the navy team _(rescue)four days later.,由于“海军士兵”与“营救”之间为被动关系,故应用被动语态;再根据four days later可知用一般过去时。,was rescued,20.All visitors to this village _(treat)with kindness.,根据句意可知,visitors(游客)与treat(对待)之间为被动关系,故用被动语态;由于句中没有相应的过去时间,故用一般现在时。句意为:所有来访这个村庄的客人都会受到友好对待。,are treated,21.The church tower which _ _(restore)will be open to tourists soon.The work is almost finished.,根据句中的.will be open to tourists soon(不久将对游客开放)以及 The work is almost finished(工程差不多快结束了)可知,the church tower的修复工程还正在进行,故用现在进行时的被动语态。,is being,restored,22.This coastal area _(name)a national wildlife reserve last year.,由于this coastal area与name之间为被动关系,再根据句中的last year可知,用一般过去时的被动语态。,was named,23.Linda,make sure the tables _(set)before the guests arrive.,由于table(桌子)与set(摆,放置)之间为被动关系,要用被动语态;又因为make sure后接从句通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义,故用一般现在时的被动语态。,are set,24.Youve failed to do what you _(expect)to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you.,由expect sb.to do sth.(期待某人做某事)可知,you与expect为被动关系,要用被动语态;意思是指没有做“过去安排好要做的事”,于是担心受惩罚,故用一般过去时的被动语态。,were expected,25.People say that a smile can _ _(pass)from one person to another,but acts of kindness from strangers are even more so.,因a smile与pass是被动关系,故用被动语态,注意情态动词后用原形。,be passed,26.When research _(assign),the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with minimum guidance.,谓语动词,因research(研究工作)与assign(分配)是被动关系,又根据前后时态(如expects)可知,此空应用一般现在时的被动语态。,is assigned,27.The meeting _(hold)tomorrow.,因会议是被举行,tomorrow表明用一般将来时。,28.All the tickets _(sell)out when they rushed there.,因rushed是过去的动作,在此之前就是过去的过去,用过去完成时;票被卖完,故用过去完成时的被动语态。,will be held,had been sold,