八年级英语上册Chapter1Aletterfromapenfriend1上海牛津版知识精讲.doc

八年级英语上册 Chapter 1 A letter from a pen-friend 〔1〕 上海牛津版
【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Chapter One: Reading
二. 重点词汇：
1. at the top-right corner 在右上角，注意“在〞用的是介词at，而不是in
2. take a look at
=have a look at看一看
3. at the end 在末尾，尽头 及end 相关的词组还有 in the end 最后 = at last
4. write to sb. 给某人写信
收到某人的来信是: get a letter from sb.
= receive a letter from sb.
= heard from sb.
5. want to do sth. 想要做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事
6. in the magazine 在杂志上
7. short black hair 黑色的短发，注意颜色放在名词之前，也就是颜色要紧紧挨着所修饰的词
8. play football 踢足球
play the violin 弹小提琴
注意:运动的前面不加定冠词，乐器的前面一定要加定冠词。
9. come from 从……来 =be from
10. walk to school 步行去上学= go to school on foot
11. be keen on 喜爱
be keen on doing sth. =like doing sth. = enjoy doing sth.
12. be friendly to sb. 对某人友善 e.g: He is friendly to everyone
13. at school 及in the school 的区分：
at school 前不加冠词，表示在学校，强调的是地点
in the school 前加冠词, 也表示在学校,但强调的是在学校学习这件事。
14. in the middle 在中间
eg: He stood in the middle of the classroom.
15. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事。
eg: Please tell me something about English.
16. best wishes 最美好的祝愿. 注意：wish要变复数。
17. look the word in the dictionary 查字典
18. as well 也
= too= also 注意：虽然它们意思一样但是用法不同。
as well 放在句末 , too 也放在句末，前面加“,〞 ，also 放在句中
eg: I also like playing the violin. =
I like playing the violin, too. =
I like playing the violin as well.
19. all in = tired 劳累
20. difficult to hear = inaudible 听不见的
21. come out of 出自于
come out 出来，呈现
eg: I came out of my mother’s body.
22. ambition= strong wish 志向,雄心
23. full name 全名: His full name. 他的全名。
24. not at all 根本不
eg: I don’t like dog at all. 我根本就不喜欢狗。
二. 重点句子：
1. Which is your favourite sport 你最喜欢的是哪一项体育运动
= Which sport do you like best
favourite = like… best 最喜欢
eg: I like Chinese best. = My favourite language is Chinese.
2. A boy called Sidney.
= A boy with the name of Sidney. 一个叫做西德尼的男孩。
3. I would like to be your pen-friend. 我愿意成为你的笔友。
= I want to be your pen-friend.
would like to do = want to do
would like sb. to do = want sb. to do
4. I will tell you some things about myself. 我将告诉你一些关于我本人的事情。
tell 意为告诉, 常用句式: tell sb. about sth. 或tell sb. to do sth.
He told me a story last night. 他昨天晚上给我讲了一个故事。
Our teacher often tells us not to talk in the class. 我们的教师经常告诉我们不要在课堂上讲话。
5. They came from Hong Kong , but I have never been there.
他们来自于香港, 但我从未去过那儿。
have been to +地点, 表示去过某处，现在已经回来了，不在那里了。
Have you ever been to Hawaii
你去过夏威夷么
He has been to Beijing . 他去过北京。(现在不在北京)
He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。(现在在北京)
6. I was born in Newcastle in 1986. 我于1986年出生于纽卡斯尔.
be born 表示出生, 且动词be 通常用was 或were. be born 后可跟形容词、名词，或不同的介词短语，表达不同的意思。
be born +形容词〔名词〕
She was born happy. 她生来就很幸福。
He was born French . 他成为法国人。
born + in/on 介词短语, 表示“出生的时间、地点〞。
Li Ping was born on May 5, in 1988 in Shenyang. 李平1988年五月五日出生于沈阳。
be born + of + (名词)，表示，从……产生。
This invention was born of need. 这项创造是因需要而产生的。
be born + with , 表示天赋, 命运
She was born with a good memory. 他生来记性就好。
7. e works as an architect in London. 他在伦敦做建筑师工作。
as 意为 “作为，以……身份〞
He works as a teacher. 他当教师。
He talked to me as a father. 他以父亲的身份跟我谈话。
8. I hope you will write to me soon. 我希望你尽快给我写信。
hope 意为希望，其后常接不定式或宾语从句。
I hope to go to Shanghai with you . 我希望与你一起去上海.
He hopes his mother will come back soon . 他希望他的妈妈尽快回来.
【典型例题】
1. My new classmate Betty is about _____________.
A. five-feet-tall B. five-feet tall
C. five feet tall D. five –foot-tall.
答案：选 C。因为有连词符的词是一个词，而五英尺是分开的词。
2. Most of the students _________ playing computer games.
A. be keen B. are keen C. be keen on D. are keen on
答案：选D。因为主语是复数。
3. I hope _______ visit the Great Wall.
A. you to B. you are going C. them to D. you will
答案：选择D。因为hope后面跟的是从句。
4. The boy ________ Simon is from English.
A. calls B. call C. called D. calling
答案：选择C。因为called是过去分词做定语。
【模拟试题】〔答题时间：100分钟〕
一. 选择并抄写单词
1. His ____________ is playing computer games . ( sport; hobby)
2. My ____________ subject at school is physics. ( best; good)
3. A person who plans building is called an ___________ (architect; engineer)
4. My ___________ is to be a policeman. ( work; ambition)
5. My brother is 15 years old and about five ______ tall. ( feet; foot)
6. Parents are ___________ for looking after their children. ( used; responsible)
7. I ___________ club at the City Center. It was very interesting. ( listened; attend)
8. A “ whiz-kid 〞 is probably a young person who is very ________. (successful; important)
9. Wendy doesn’t ___________ herself to school because she is not old enough. ( drive; walk )
10. The movie is ___________. Few people like it. ( exciting; boring)
二. 字母组词
1. The new student is in ___________ six. ( mofr )
2. Can you choose the best ___________ for this passage ( ittel )
3. Would you like to have some ___________ for dinner ( hncup )
4. My mother bought a new pair of ___________ for me. ( sntearir)
5. A lot of boys are good at ___________. ( ssiyhcp )
6. He is in the vegetable __________ in Shenyang. ( suenbssi )
7. Now he can write ___________ sentences in English. ( lmespi )
8. People often ___________ to their home towns in the Spring Festival. ( rnteur )
9. I often ___________ my mother with her work in the kitchen. ( tssais )
10. The boy is at the ___________ of his class. ( pot )
三. 根据汉语提示写单词
1. I have many ___________ , singing, dancing and playing volleyball. (爱好)
2. She___________ a photo and a card in my letter. ( 附上 )
3. My friend’s son went to Beijing ___________ last year. 〔 大学 〕
4. My father puts his ___________ on my English paper every week. 〔 签名 〕
5. The old man often speaks in an almost ____________ voice. 〔 听不见的 〕
6. She often goes to work in her ____________ car. ( 自己的 )
四. 单词组句
1. a, called, the, is, letter, Denny, from, boy
_______________________________________________________________________
2. Chinese, a, my, Newcastle, parents, in, own, restaurant
________________________________________________________________________
3. favourite, is, hobby, my, games, computer, playing.
_______________________________________________________________________
4. always, I, up, feeling, get, morning, happy, the, in
_______________________________________________________________________
5. sometimes, phone, I, make, to, calls, the, to, clients, on, school, way
_______________________________________________________________________
6. driver, takes, me, always, home, school, my, after
_______________________________________________________________________
7. already, games, she, written, computer, has, several, successful
_______________________________________________________________________
8. over, half, we, every, sell, a, year, million, games
_______________________________________________________________________
五. 单项选择
1. I hope ______ visit the Great Wall.
A. you to B. you are going C. them to D. you will
2. Hong Kong has been back in China for 10 years. But I ______ there.
A. have never gone B. have never been to C. have never gone to D. have never been
3. He works ______ an engineer for the underground.
A. to be B. as C. like D. likes
4. Yesterday I went to ______ work on ______ foot.
A. /; / B. /; the C. the; / D. the; the
5. Wendy finishes ______ her homework in an hour or two after supper.
A. does B. do C. to do D. doing
6. Who is responsible ______ homework in your class
A. at collect B. at collecting C. for collect D. for collecting
7. Father usually ______ his newspaper after dinner.
A. read B. reads C. reading D. is reading
六. 补全对话
A: Hi Victor. Have you got any plans for the coming holiday
B: Not yet. ___1___.
A: Yes. I plan to go to London this summer.
B: ___2___. But didn’t you go there last year
A: Yes. I did. ___3___
B: That’s true . Will you travel alone
A: No, ___4___ But it seems that everyone has his own plan.
B: ___5___ When I saw him yesterday , he was reading a book about London.
A: Thank you for telling me. I will call him later.
七. 完形填空
___1___ Everyone today uses electricity in one way or another. It is hard to imagine ____2___ life in our towns would be like without it. Electricity ___3___ the streets and buildings, and warms people and animals. It heats food in cookers ___4___ cools it in refrigerators. It drives trains and trams and works the traffic lights, lifts and the machines in factories making ___5___ goods.
And the everyday ___6___ of radio and television use electricity ___7___ entertainment and news to ___8___ families. In villages and on farms, electrical machines milk the cows and chop their food. They ___9___ cool the milk and churn the butter. Indeed, electricity finds as ___10___ work to do in the country as it does in the towns.
1. A. Most B. Almost C. Nearly D. Mostly
2. A. that B. which C. how D. what
3. A. light B. lights C. lighted D. lighting
4. A. or B. and C. yet D. but
5. A. a kind of B. all kind of C. all kinds of D. kinds of
6. A. wonders B. wonder C. wonderful D. wonderfully
7. A. bring B. take C. to bring D. to take
8. A. million B. million of C. millions D. millions of
9. A. also B. too C. could D. would
10. A. a few B. a little C. much D. many
八. 阅读理解
〔A〕
It’s hard to make friends if you stay home alone all the time. Get out of the house and do things that will put you in touch with(接触) other people. It’s easier to make friends when you have similar interests.
Don’t be afraid to show people what you’re really good at. Talk about the tings you like and do best. People will be interested in you if there is something interesting about you.
Look people in the eye when you talk to them. That way, they’ll find it easier to talk to you, or people may think you’re not interested in them and may stop being interested in you.
Be a good listener. Let people talk about themselves before talking about “me, me, me〞. Ask lots of questions. Show an interested in their answers.
Try to make friends with the kind of people you really like, respect, and admire--- not just with those who are easy to meet. Be friendly with a lot of people. That way, you’ll have a bigger group of people to choose from and have more chances for making friends.
1. How can we have more friends, get in touch with other people or stay at home
_______________________________________________________________________
2. Cindy always talks about herself when she talks to other people. What advice do you think she needs to follow
_______________________________________________________________________
3. What’s the main idea of the passage
________________________________________________________________________
(B)
faster secret until both changed right order meant open left
About four hundred years ago, Mr Bacon said that warm water freezes more quickly than cold water. But few people believed him___1___1970. In that year Dr Kell, a well-known scientists, found that Mr. Bacon was ___2___ He filled one ___3___ bowl with cold water, and the ___4___ with warm water. Then he exposed ___5___ to the low temperature (温度). The warm water froze first.
The ___6___ was that the two bowls had no covers. Some of the warm water ___7___into vapour(汽). It went into the air. This ___8___ that less of the warm water was ___9___ to freeze. So the warm water froze ___10___than the cold water though it had a greater temperature drop to make.
九.书面表达(5%)
请以“Your Mother’s Day〞为题把妈妈一天的生活情况写出来。(起床，慢跑，安康饮食，做饭，帮助你学习) 要求：行文通顺，语法标准，40词左右。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【试题答案】
一. 选择并抄写单词
1. hobby 2. best 3. architect 4. ambition 5. feet
6. responsible 7. attend 8. successful 9. drive 10. boring
二. 字母组词
1. Form 2. title 3. punch 4. trainers 5. physics
6. business 7. simple 8. return 9. assist 10. top
三. 根据提示写单词
1. hobbies 2. enclosed 3. University 4. signature
5. inaudible 6. own
四. 单词组句
1. The letter is from a boy called Denny.
2. My parents own a Chinese restaurant in Newcastle.
3. My favourite hobby is playing computer games.
4. I always get up in the morning feeling happy.
5. I sometimes make phone calls to clients on the way to school.
6. My driver always takes me home after school.
7. She has already written several successful computer games.
8. We sell over half a million games every year.
五. 单项选择
1. D 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. D
6. D 7. B
六. 补全对话
1. E 2. B 3. G 4. F 5. C
七. 完形填空
1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C
6. A 7. D 8. D 9. A 10. C
八. 阅读理解
(A)
1. Get in touch with other people.
2. Be a good listener, let people talk a bout themselves before talking about.
3. Put you in touch with other people and make friends.
(B)
1. until 2. right 3. open 4. other 5. both
6. secret 7. changed 8. meant 9. left 10. faster
九. 书面表达：略
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