北京西城区高三二模英语及复习资料.doc

2021北京西城区高三二模
英 语
本试卷共10页，共120分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试完毕后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一局部：知识运用〔共两节，45分〕
第一节 语法填空〔共10小题；每题1.5分，共15分〕
阅读以下短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
When I was in high school our physics teacher gave us a challenge 1 involved making a paper airplane of any shape. The only objective was to get it to fly as far as possible. 2 (stand) at the starting line, one of my classmates took a piece of flat paper, crumpled (把…捏成一团) it up, and 3 (throw) it down the way. He beat the class with ease. Some of the students got mad and said that he cheated, but the physics teacher 4 (clear) explained it could be any shape and that a paper ball was indeed a shape.
B
Buildings around the world 5 (go) dark for 60 minutes this evening in a voluntary event known as Earth Hour. This grassroots effort started in 2007 in Sydney, Australia, and has since grown into 6 global movement to raise awareness of our energy consumption and the effects of climate change on our planet. Anyone can participate in this movement 7 switching off the lights at 8:30 PM local time. Last year close to 18,000 landmark buildings switched off their lights in 188 countries. Will you dim your lights tonight
C
The story of Chinese fashion began in 2021 when Feiyue and Huili, both Chinese sneaker brands, suddenly gained international attention. Their products 8 (see) on models all over the world then. Last year, Chinese sportswear brand LI-NING was at the New York Fashion Week in September with new designs 9 (decorate) with Chinese characters. Now the Chinese brands are impressive and ambitious and can go head to head with foreign brands. And this ambition may be due to the fact that China’s young people are now more confident about 10 (they) own culture.
第二节 完形填空〔共20小题；每题分，共30分〕
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The Gift of Forgiveness
The summer I turned 16, my father gave me his old 69 Chevy Malibu convertible. What did I know about classic cars For me, the important thing was that Hannah and I could 11 around Tucson with the top down.
69 Chevy Malibu convertible
Hannah was my best friend, a year younger but much 12 . That summer she 13 with a modeling agency, doing catalog and runway work.
A month after my birthday, Hannah and I went to the movies. On the way home, we 14 at the McDonald’s drive-through, putting the fries in the space between us to 15 . “Let’s ride around awhile,〞 I said. It was a clear night, hot, full moon hanging low over the desert. Taking a curve (弯) too 16 , I ran over some dirt and fishtailed. I then moved quickly through a neighbor’s landscape wall and drove into a full-grown palm tree. The front wheel came to rest halfway 17 the tree trunk.
There were French fries on the floor, the dash (仪表盘) and my lap. An impossible amount of 18 was on Hannah’s face, pieces of skin hanging around her eyes. We were taken in separate ambulances. In the emergency room, my parents spoke quietly: “Best plastic surgeon (整容医生) in the city…but it is more likely the 19 of her modeling career…〞
We’d been wearing lap belts, 20 the car didn’t have shoulder belts. I’d broken my cheekbone on the steering wheel; Hannah’s 21 had split wide open on the dash. What would I say to her
When her mother, Sharon, came into my hospital room, I started to cry, preparing myself for her 22 . She sat beside me and took my hand. “I drove into the back of the car of my best friend when I was your age,〞 she said. “I completely 23 her car and mine.〞
“I’m so sorry,〞 I said.
“You’re both 24 ,〞 she said. “Everything else doesn’t matter.〞 I started to explain, and Sharon stopped me. “I 25 you. Hannah will too.〞
Sharon’s forgiveness allowed Hannah and me to get back in the car together that summer, to stay 26 throughout high school and college, to be in each other’s weddings. I think of her gift of forgiveness every time I tend to feel angry about someone for a perceived〔可感知到的〕 27 , and whenever I see Hannah. The scars (伤疤) are now 28 and no one else would notice, but in the sunlight I can still 29 the faint, shiny skin just below her hairline—for 30 , a sign of forgiveness.
11. A. drive B. run C. wander D. march
12. A. stronger B. healthier C. taller D. smaller
13. A. competed B. chatted C. signed D. bargained
14. A. stopped B. ate C. aimed D. stood
15. A. catch B. share C. hold D. spare
16. A. fast B. seriously C. softly D. slow
17. A. across B. up C. below D. along
18. A. blood B. petrol C. water D. sweat
19. A. path B. base C. point D. end
20. A. and B. but C. or D. so
21. A. shoulders B. arms C. chest D. forehead
22. A. anger B. regret C. sorrow D. concern
23. A. attacked B. dragged C. damaged D. removed
24. A. alike B. relieved C. injured D. alive
25. A. help B. love C. understand D. forgive
26. A. sisters B. friends C. classmates D. colleagues
27. A. need B. effort C. wrong D. threat
28. A. left B. marked C. shown D. faded
29. A. touch B. see C. feel D. learn
30. A. them B. you C. me D. her
第二局部：阅读理解〔共两节，40分〕
第一节〔共15小题；每题2分，共30分〕
阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If you’ve always wanted to start your own herb or vegetable garden but don’t have the yard space or the “green thumb〞 to pull it off, there’s now another option. The OGarden Smart is an indoor gardening system that grows up to 90 plants at one time—20 of which are safe to eat.
Strawberries, green beans, peppers, green onions, and cherry tomatoes are just a few of the fruits and vegetables the OGarden can grow. Up to 30 potted plants can be placed on a lower shelf, where the seeds are allowed to germinate (发芽). Once they germinate, the plants can then be moved to the turning wheel up above, which holds up to 60 plants at a time. It takes about 30 to 40 days to harvest the produce, depending on the type of plant grown.
The system is self-watering and uses automatic LED lights to provide the right amount of sunlight, no matter what season it is. The only work that’s required is planting the seeds and refilling the water tank once a week.
The OGarden Smart is the second product introduced by company co-founders Pierre Nibart and Pierre-Etienne Bourget, of Quebec, Canada. The original OGarden appeared in 2021, and the Smart upgrade adds a few new features, including automatic watering, automatic LED lighting, and a water warning system. Some reviewers of the original OGarden commented that the system is easy to use, and that the vegetables taste better than store-bought produce.
The OGarden Smart will set you back $859 Canadian dollars (about $650 USD) if you order it on Kickstarter at a discounted rate, but the company’s founders are quick to point out that it will help you save money in the long-run. The system lets you grow organic (有机的) produce at a small part of the price you’d pay at your local grocery store.
To see some of the buying options available, check out the project’s Kickstarter page. Any orders that are placed will be delivered this May.
31. What is the OGarden Smart
A. A self-watering system.
B. A water warning system.
C. An indoor gardening system.
D. An automatic lighting system.
32. What can you learn about the OGarden Smart from the passage
A. It can be used all year round.
B. It grows up to 60 plants at a time.
C. It is designed for people who have a yard.
D. It moves the plants from the shelf automatically.
33. The OGarden Smart can help you save money in the long-run mainly because of its____________.
A. automatic upgrade
B. free after-sales service
C. low energy consumption
D. harvest of organic produce
B
As the Camp Fire continued, killing at least 85 people and displacing thousands more in Northern California, Madison waited there.
Gaylord, the Anatolian shepherd mix’s owner, was not able to get to her home in Paradise, when the fire began to spread, meaning Madison was left behind. For weeks, all Gaylord could do was pray for Madison’s safety, according to California-based animal rescue organization Paw Print Rescue.
Sullivan, a volunteer with the organization, had already helped locate Madison’s brother Miguel in a different city. But Madison was even more difficult to find. Sullivan spotted Madison a few times in a canyon (峡谷), apparently guarding his land, and put out fresh food and water regularly in hopes that the dog would turn up, according to a Facebook post by Sullivan. She even placed an article of clothing that smelled like Gaylord near the home “to keep Madison’s hope alive until his people could return,〞 Sullivan wrote.
When the evacuation (疏散) order was lifted last week and Gaylord went back to her home—which had been ruined by the fire—her prayers were answered: Madison was there, seemingly protecting what little remained of his family’s home. “Well, I’m so happy to report that Gaylord was allowed to return to her home today and THERE MADISON WAS!!!! He had stayed to protect what was left of his home, and never gave up on his people!〞 Sullivan wrote in the comment on her Facebook post. “I’m so happy I’m crying as I write this! He didn’t give up through the storms or the fire!〞 she added.
Soon afterward, Madison was reunited with Miguel for the first time since the fire broke out. An emotional Gaylord said in an interview with the network that she was overcome with joy to see Madison waiting for her. She also expressed how grateful she was to Sullivan. Gaylord said fighting through tears, “You could never ask for better animals. He is the best dog.〞
34. What did Madison do during the Camp Fire
A. He rescued Sullivan.
B. He waited for Gaylord.
C. He stayed with Miguel.
D. He ran away from Paradise.
35. Why did Sullivan place an article of clothing smelling like Gaylord near the home
A. To keep Madison warm.
B. To get Madison to turn up.
C. To help Madison remember his owner.
D. To encourage Madison not to give up.
36. Where was Madison finally found
A. In a different city. B. In a canyon.
C. At a camp. D. At his home.
37. What quality is emphasized in this story
A. Patience. B. Unity. C. Devotion. D. Wisdom.
C
Choosing to forget something might take more mental effort than trying to remember it, researchers at The University of Texas at Austin discovered through neuroimaging (神经成像).
These findings, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, suggest that in order to forget an unwanted experience, more attention should be focused on it. This surprising result continues previous research on intentional forgetting, which focused on reducing attention to the unwanted information through redirecting attention away from unwanted experiences or holding back the memory’s retrievals (恢复).
“We may want to get rid of memories that cause nonadaptive responses, such as upsetting memories, so that we can respond to new experiences in more adaptive ways,〞 said Jarrod Lewis-Peacock, the study’s senior author and an assistant professor of psychology at UT Austin. “Decades of research has shown that we have the ability to voluntarily forget something, but how our brains do that is still being questioned. Once we can figure out how memories are weakened and design ways to control this, we can design treatment to help people rid themselves of unwanted memories.〞
Using neuroimaging to track patterns of brain activity, the researchers showed a group of healthy adults images of scenes and faces, instructing them to either remember or forget each image. Their findings not only confirmed that humans have the ability to control what they forget, but that successful intentional forgetting required “moderate (适中的) levels〞 of brain activity in these sensory and perceptual areas (感官区域)—more activity than what was required to remember.
“A moderate level of brain activity is critical to this forgetting mechanism. Too strong, and it will strengthen the memory; too weak, and you won’t change it,〞 said Tracy Wang, lead author of the study and a psychology postdoctoral fellow at UT Austin. “Importantly, it’s the intention to forget that increases the activation of the memory, and when this activation hits the ‘moderate level’ sweet spot, that’s when it leads to later forgetting of that experience.〞 The researchers also found that participants were more likely to forget scenes than faces, which can carry much more emotional information, the researchers said.
“We’re learning how these mechanisms in our brain respond to different types of information, and it will take a lot of further research and replication (重复) of this work before we understand how to control our ability to forget,〞 said Lewis-Peacock, who has begun a new study using neurofeedback to track how much attention is given to certain types of memories.
"This will make way for future studies on how we process, and hopefully get rid of, those really strong, sticky emotional memories, which can have a powerful effect on our health and well-being," Lewis-Peacock said.
38. Previous studies on intentional forgetting researched ______.
A. the pattern of brain activity
B. the process of recovering a memory
C. the way to reduce attention to unwanted information
D. the amount of attention required by intentional forgetting
39. According to Tracy Wang, forgetting is possible when ______.
A. people respond to new experiences in an adaptive way
B. the activation of the memory reaches a certain level
C. people have the strongest intention to forget
D. the information involves more emotion
40. Lewis continues his study to find out ______.
A. how to control people’s ability to forget
B. where to apply the findings of his team’s latest study
C. what effects upsetting memories have on people’s health
D. if different types of information requires different levels of attention
41. What is the best title of the article
A. Where does forgetting take place
B. How does attention affect memory
C. Forgetting uses more brain power than remembering
D. Forgetting is far more difficult than we once imagined
D
The new social robots, including Jibo, Cozmo, Kuri and Meccano M.A.X., bear some resemblance to assistants like Apple’s Siri, but these robots come with something more. They are designed to win us over not with their smarts but with their personality. They are sold as companions that do more than talk to us. Time magazine hailed (称赞) the robots that “could fundamentally reshape how we interact with machines.〞 But is reshaping how we interact with machines a good thing, especially for children
Some researchers in favor of the robots don’t see a problem with this. People have relationships with many kinds of thin