牛津英语-8A-Unit8复习讲义.doc

Unit8 复习讲义
一、熟记Unit8四会单词
二、熟记下列词形变化
mop: (过去式) mopped (现在分词) mopping coach: (复数) coaches
catch: (过去式) caught shake: (过去式) shook (现在分词) shaking
silent: (近义词) quiet at last=in the end=finally
safe: (副词)safely (名词) safety asleep: 睡着的(fall asleep) sleepy: 困倦的(feel sleepy)
break: (过去式) broke (过去分词) broken nearly: (近义词) almost
burn: (过去式) burned/burnt (过去分词) burned/burnt clear: (形容词) clear
三、重点短语
1. 自然灾害 natural disasters
2. 醒来，叫醒/叫醒我 wake up/ wake me up
3. 把水擦干净/把它擦干净 mop up the water/ mop it up
4. 输掉决赛 lose final
5. 成千上万的人遇害 kill thousands of people
6. 撞到一棵树上 crash into a tree
7. 冲走村庄 wash away the village
8. 引起一场大火/着火 start a big fire/ catch fire/ be on fire
9. 从……掉/摔下来 fall from---
10. 一场电闪雷鸣的暴雨 a heavy storm with thunder and lightning
11. 击中一座教学楼 hit a classroom building
12. 在凌晨 in the early morning
13. 感到一阵轻微的震动 feel a slight shake
14. 听到雷鸣般的巨响 hear a loud noise like thunder
15. 就像地下的炸弹 like bombs under the ground
16. 惊恐地/害怕地尖叫 scream in fear
17. 尽力做某事 try one’s best to do sth
18. 四面八方 /朝相同方向 in all directions/ in the same direction
19. 玻璃碎片和砖头 pieces of glass and bricks
20. 掉下来, 倒塌 fall down
21. 感到紧张不安的/心跳加快 feel nervous/ beat fast
22. 一阵恐惧掠过脑海。 A moment of fear goes through one’s mind.
23. 告诫自己要镇定下来 tell myself to calm down
24. 仍然活着 be still alive
25. 开始在黑暗中慢慢地向前移动身体 start to pull myself slowly through the dark
26. 找到出路 find one’s way out
27. 激动的人群的叫喊声 hear shouts from excited people
28. 搬走砖块 move away the bricks
29. 看见某人在做某事 see sb doing sth
30. 在路边 on the side of the road
31.（车辆或机器）出故障，坏掉 break down
32. 跌倒，摔倒 fall over
33. 尽可能 as …as possible
34. 遵守交通规则 follow traffic rules
35. 交通事故 traffic accidents
36. 听到风在吹 hear the wind blowing
37. 车辆的噪音 the noise of traffic
38 铲雪，除雪 clear the snow
39. 从后面过来 come from behind
40. 在厚厚的雪中 in the deep snow

四、重点句子讲解
1.Who will mop up the water if I go home without you? 假如我回家了，没有你谁把水拖干净呢？
mop作名词，意为“拖把”；作动词，意为“用拖把擦干净”。mop up意为“把„„拖干净”。它的宾语如果是代词，则代词必须放在up前。如：The floor is wet, Mop it up, Bill.

2. Lightning hit a classroom building and it caught fire. 一幢教学楼被闪电击中而着火了。 catch fire意为“着火”，强调动作；on fire也意为“着火”，强调状态。fire是不可数名词，只有作“火灾”讲时是可数名词。如： When did the house catch fire? 房子什么时候着的火？ Look! The house is on fire．瞧！那房子着火了。

3．At first，I felt a slight shake.起初，我感到一阵轻微的晃动。
shake作名词，意为“摇动，震动”；作动词，意为“摇动，震动；发抖”。如： Can I shake hands with you? 我可以与你握个手吗？

4．People screamed in fear.人们恐惧地尖叫着。
in fear意为“恐惧地”，相当于副词frightenedly。in fear of则意为“害怕„„，担心„„”。如：We're in fear of more snow.我们担心会再下雪。

5. Outside, people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down.外面，碎玻璃和碎砖块纷纷掉落下来，人们四处逃散。
in all directions意为“四面八方”。direction是可数名词。
如： You father walked in the direction of the post office．你父亲朝邮局的方向走去了。

6．It was dark and silent around me．在我周围是一片漆黑和寂静。
(1) dark作形容词，意为“黑暗的；深色的”；作名词，意为“黑暗”。如： He has dark skin．他的皮肤是黑色的。 A girl can't walk alone in the dark. 女孩子不可以单独在黑暗中行走。
(2) silent意为“寂静的；沉默的”．它的名词是silence，多指不讲话；quiet意为“安静的”，指不弄出响声。如： We should keep quiet in the reading room. 在阅览室我们应保持安静。

7. I could not see anything at all, and I did not know if anyone else was near me.我根本什么也看不到，我不知道我附近是否有其他人。
(1) not at all意为“根本不，一点也不”。
(2) else意为“别的，其他的”。它只能修饰不定代词和疑问代词，且必须后置，不能修饰名词。如，What else would you like? 你还想要其他什么吗？

8.I felt nervous and my heart was beating fast.我感到紧张，我的心跳加快。 beat有两种意思： (1)意为：打，击，敲；冲击。如： He beat his brother for lying. 他因为他的兄弟说谎而揍他。 (2)意为：打败，胜过。与win区别：win和beat都可用作及物动词．作“赢，战胜”讲时，其区别主要在于宾语的不同。win的宾语通常是比赛、战争、奖品、金钱等名词，即race，match，game，competition，war，prize之类的词，beat的宾语则通常是比赛、竞争的对手，即人或球队的名词或代词。
如： They won the match this time.这次比赛他们赢了。 We played very well, and we beat them. 我们发挥得很好，打败了他们。

9. A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since l was still alive.我的脑中掠过一阵恐惧，但我告诉自己要镇定下来，因为我仍然活着。
(1) mind作名词，意为“头脑；想法”；作动词，意为“介意，反对”，后接动名词作宾语。如：We changed our minds at last. 最后我们改变了主意。Do you mind my sitting here? 你介意我坐在这吗？
(2) calm down意为“镇定，平静下来”，宾语如果是代词，则必须放在中间。如：We must calm him down now. 我们现在必须让他平静下来。
(3) alive是live的形容词形式。但它只能作表语或宾语补足语，不可以作定语，与dead相对。如： He found himself still alive after the accident. It's lucky.他发现他自己在事故后还活着。真是幸运。

10. I saw you and your parents standing on the side of the road．我看到你和你父母正站在路边。(1) see sb. doing sth.意为“看到某人正在做某事”。see sb. do sth.意为“看到某人做某事”，往往是经常的动作或动作的全过程用此句型。
(2) on the side of the road意为“在路边”。

11. My dad's car broke down because of the cold weather.我爸爸的车子因寒冷的天气而抛锚了。(1) break down意为“出故障，坏掉”。相当于be in trouble。如： Our car broke down on the highway. =Our car was in trouble on the highway. 我们的汽车在高速公路上抛锚了。
(2) because of意为“因为，由于”，后接短语作宾语，不能接从句．because后可接原因状语从句。两者可替换。
如： They arrived late because the road was frozen. =They arrived late because of the frozen road. 由于路面结冰他们迟到了。

12. He was ringing someone to come and help when you saw us.当你看到我们时他正在给人打电话叫人来帮忙。
ring sb.意为“给某人打电话”，后可加up，即ring sb. up，其同义词组有：give sb. a call／ring，telephone sb., call sb., make a telephone to sb.

13．Try to get out as soon as possible.尽快逃出去。
as…as possible= as…as one can/could意为“尽可能„„”。如： He ran as fast as he could．他尽可能快地跑着。

14. Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to protect yourself from thick smoke．用潮湿的毛巾捂住你的嘴和鼻子，以便保护你自己避免受到浓烟的伤害。
(1) cover…with意为“用„„把„„盖上”。如： We covered the ground with grass. 我们用草把地面盖上。
(2) protect sb. from意为“保护某人免受„„的伤害”。如： We should protect ourselves from the fire. 我们应保护我们自己免受大火的伤害。

15. We learnt a lot about keeping ourselves safe from fires，floods，earthquakes and.我们学了很多有关保护我们自身安全免受火灾、洪水、地震„„的伤害的知识。
keep.„safe意为“保护„„安全”。from有”远离”之意。

16. Do you know what to do first when we burn ourselves? 当我们烧伤了我们自己，你知道首先应该做什么吗？
what to do是带有疑问词的不定式短语，在句中作know的宾语。如： I don't know when to leave. 我不知道何时应离开。

17．I nearly fell over.我差点摔倒了。
nearly意为“几乎，将近”。与almost意思接近。

18. People were trying to clear the snow from the streets.人们正尽力把雪从街上清除。
clear作形容词，意为“清晰的，透明的”，clearly是它的副词形式；作动词，意为“清除，打扫”。如： We should clear up the park. It's too dirty. 我们应把公园清扫干净。太脏了。

五、语法
1. 过去进行时：过去进行时的基本用法：表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作
(1) I was eating breakfast at 7.00 this morning.
(2) Last night from 8:00 to 10:00 he was watching TV.
过去进行时的结构：主语+was/were +V-ing,后常跟表示过去的具体时间（段），如：at that time， this time yesterday，at 9.00 last night , at that moment, when I came home yesterday ，from7 to 10 this morning等。
2.when,while和as的用法
1. I was sleeping (long action) when the earthquake started (short action).
2. While my parents were cooking in the kitchen (long action), I was doing my homework(long action).
3. While /When/AsI was doing my homework(long action), he came in(short action).
思考：
1.延续性动作，常用过去进行时态， 瞬间性动作，常用一般过去时态。
2. a. 当有两个延续性动作，我们用________(when/while/as) 连接。
b. 当延续性动作做主句时，我们用when(when/while/as) 连接。
c. 当瞬间性动作做主句是，我们用________(when/while/as) 连接。
3. 一词多义：
Tom is strong while John is weak. 意为。
We recommend Tom as the new chairperson of the Students’ Union. 意为。
I like green as it is the colour of nature. 意为。

A test for unit 8
一、 单项选择
( )1. —________ is the weather like today?
—It’s _________.
A. How; windy B. What; windy C. How; wind D. What; wind
( )2. Last night I heard a noise _________ thunder.
A. as B. like C. so D. from
( )3. My school is about twenty ________ walk from here.
A. minute B. minutes C. minute’s D. minutes’
( )4. The snowstorm killed _________ people.
A. over eight hundred of B. hundreds ofC. more than eight hundredsD. eight hundreds
( )5. 34.You must protect your baby________ fire.
A.ofB.fromC.onD.for
( )6. The headmaster _________ the students to leave school early.
A. made B. let C. ordered D. had
( )7. You will find _________ useful to learn even a little English.
A. that B. it C. this D. they
( )8. Which of the symbols means “per cent”?
A. @ B. $ C. & D. %
( )9. The traffic is so heavy!You should drive________.
A.as fast as possibleB.as slowly as possible
C.as more fast as possibleD.as more slowly as possible
( )10. Shanghai is _____the east of China. Japan is ______the east of China.
A. in; in B. at; on C. in; to D. at; to
( )11. There ______ a large number of students in our school. The number of the students _______ over three thousand.
A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is
( )12. I don’t know if Tom _________ here tomorrow. If he ________, I’ll tell you.
A. comes; comes B. will com; comes
C. comes; will come D. will come; will come
( )13. The teacher told me _________when I left the classroom.
A. lock the door B. to lock the door
C. to knock at the door D. knock at the door
( )14. The wetland can ________ food and shelter ______ plants and animals, including different kinds of birds.
A. provide; for B. provide; with C. make; for D. provides; for
( )15. When I was working on a Maths problem, a good idea went ______my head.
A. over B. in C. about D. through
二、完形填空
We cannot stop earthquakes, but we can do things to make sure they do not destroy (破坏) whole cities. First, it is not a __1__ idea to build houses along the lines where__ 2__of the earth’s plates join together. Second, if you think there __3__ be an earthquake, it is better to build houses on rock, not on __4__. Third, you must make the houses as __5__ as possible. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may __6__.
Scientists are __7__ that one day an even bigger earthquake will hit the part around San Francisco. They call it “The Big One”. But people today are still building more __8__. The population in and around San Francisco __9__ is ten times more than it was in 1906. This means that __10__ there is another earthquake, a great many houses and buildings will be destroyed.
（ ）1. A. bad B. good C. poor D. new
（ ）2. A. one B. most C. two D. none
（ ）3. A. may B. should C. can’t D. won’t
（ ）4. A. sea B. land C. space D. sand
（ ）5. A. high B. big C. strong D. low
（ ）6. A. keep up B. set up C. stay up D. grow up
（ ）7. A. sorry B. pleased C. afraid D. wondering
（ ）8. A. walls B. stories C. cities D. houses
（ ）9. A. now B. still C. always D. never
（ ）10. A. before B. if C. or D. until
三、 阅读理解
Many animals do strange things before an earthquake. This news may be important. Earthquakes can kill people and knock down homes. The animals may help to save lives.
Some animals make a lot of noise before an earthquake. Farmers have told about this. Dogs that are usually quiet have started to bark(吠). Horses on farms have run around in circles. Mice have left their holes and run away. Cows have given less milk.
In a town in Italy, cats raced down the street in a group. That happened only a few hours before an earthquake. In San Francisco, a man kept tiny pet frogs. One Sunday, the frogs jumped around more than ever. They made loud noises, like bigger frogs. That night, an earthquake struck the city.
People want to know when an earthquake is coming. Then they could get away safely. Right now, there is no sure way to know ahead of time. Maybe the best idea is watching the animals.
( )1. This passage is mainly about _____.
A. how animals act before an earthquake B. how an earthquake starts
C. how mice leave their homesD. how animals live every day
( )2. Before the earthquake in Italy, quiet dogs _____.
A. ran away B. started to bark C. climbed trees D. jump into the water
( )3. Before the earthquake in Italy, the frogs _____.
A. sang B. jumped into the waterC. died D. jumped around a lot
( )4. There have been earthquakes in _____.
A. most countries B. England, France
C. Italy and San FranciscoD. Chicago and Spain
( )5. People want to _____.
A. be in earthquakeB. find out early about an earthquake
C. run around in circlesD. follow the animals to run quickly词汇
四、词汇
A. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句子
1. The animals ran in all(方向) when they heard the big noise.
2. White snow ____________(覆盖)the land and everything looks white and clean.
3. His car _____________ (猛撞) into a tree, so he called 120 for help.
4. In 1976, a terrible e happened in Tangshan in China.
5. Taking a short rest at noon is good for your body and m__________.
B．用所给词的适当形式填空
honest important angry wild nature

1. I hope this information will help you understand the ________ (important) of study.
2. Animals ran ________ (wild) everywhere
3. Milk is the ________ (nature) food for young babies.
4.He always tells lies to me. I think he is a ______ (honest)boy, so I can’t believe him.
5. It was very clear that he was very angry because he looked at me __________ .
C. 用所给动词的适当时态填空
walk share wake wash break

71. The old computer ________ down easily, so I had to restart it again and again.
72. He ________ along the street when the UFO arrived.
73.I ________ an umbrella with Millie yesterday.
74.My mother was cooking when I ________ up this morning.
75. The flood ________ away some villages every summer.
五、句型转换
1. He was doing his homework at eight last night.（改为否定句）
______________________________________________________________
2. My brother is watching TV now.（用 this time yesterday改写句子）
________________________________________________________________________
3. My father was searching the Internet at that moment. (对画线部分提问)
____________________________________________________________________________
4. I was surfing the Internet. Andy came in. (合并为一句)
____________________________________________________________________________
六、. 根据汉语意思完成句子
1.开始，我感到轻微的晃动。
________ ________,I felt a slight shake.
2..昨天晚上，我们学校的墙倒了。
The walls of our school ________ ________ last night.
3.他们快速搬走了砖块，救出了那个女孩。
They quickly ________ ________ the bricks and saved the girl.
4.你应该总是遵守交通规则。
You should always ________ ________ ________ ________.
七、. 书面表达
2008年初，我国南方遭遇了50年来最大的雪灾。在这场雪灾中，政府积极采取措施向灾区提供援助，人们自发参与，共同抗灾。Linda拍摄了一些相关照片，Linda的澳大利亚的笔友Jack想了解一些中国南方的雪灾情况。结合所给5幅图的信息，请你以Linda的名义给Jack写封e-mail，描述灾情和人们抗灾的情况。

Hi, Jack
A heavy snow hit most