七年级下册英语第6单元知识讲解以及随堂练习.doc

Unit 6 I’m watching TV
话题：谈论人们正在做什么
教学目标：灵活使用进行时谈论人们正在做什么
正确运用进行时进行简单的书面表达
重点：一般现在进行时
重点句型：---What’s she doing?
---She is washing her clothes.
---Are you doing your homework?
---Yes, I am./No, I’m not. I’m cleaning my room.
重点短语：eat out read a newspaper talk on the phone listen to
use the computer make soup go the the movies wash the dishes
make dinner drink tea swim in a pool live with sb. in
make zongzi the night before Dragon Boat Festival watch…on TV
read a story to sb. a picture of talk show
知识点：
1. 现在进行时态
定义：
现在进行时态主要用于表示现在正在进行的动作，有时也可表示现阶段正在进行的动作。
My sister is talking on the phone. 我姐姐正在通过电话交谈。
结构：
be+v.ing
They are having a football match. 他们正在进行足球比赛。
I’m studying at No.1 Middle School. 我在第一中学学习。
动词现在分词构成：
(1) 一般直接在动词后加-ing
look-looking go-going visit-visiting
(2) 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词变现在分词去掉e加-ing
come-coming have-having make-making
take-taking dance-dancing practice-practicing
hope-hoping write-writing live-living
leave-leaving move-moving give-giving
drive-driving arrive-arriving
(3) 以重读闭音节结尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，变现在分词要双写这个辅音字母，再加ing
get-getting forget-forgetting shop-shopping
stop-stopping swim-swimming put-putting
begin-beginning run-running cut-cutting
基本句型
肯定句：
主语+be+v.ing+其他
eg. She is washing the dishes in the kitchen now.
否定句：
主语+be+not+v.ing+其他
She is not washing the dishes in the kitchen now.
一般疑问句：
be动词提到句首。
Is she washing the dishes in the kitchen now?
特殊疑问句：对谓语动词进行提问时：
What +be+主语+doing+其他？
What is she doing in the kitchen now?
2. newspaper 报纸
reading a newspaper 看报纸
news 不可数名词 新闻 paper 不可数名词
newspaper 复合名词 可数 I like reading newspapers every day.
3. talk on the phone 通过电话交谈
on the phone 通过电话 其中on为介词，通过，以……的方式的意思。
与phone有关的短语：
make a phone 打电话 answer the phone 接电话
phone number 电话号码 phone book 电话簿
phone sb. 给某人打电话
4. using the computer 使用电脑
use此处用作及物动词，意为“使用，运用”
use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事
I use a knife to cut bread. 我用刀切面包。
use&with
use
动词
在句中作谓语，表示用途
I use a pen to write.
with
介词
在句中作状语，表示方式
I write with a pen.
5. go to the movies 去看电影
其中movie是名词，意为电影，英国英语用go to the cinema，表示去看电影，美国英语则用go to the movies.
与go搭配的短语有：
go to eh meeting 去开会 go to the talk 去听报告会
go the the party 去参加聚会 go to the match 去看比赛
go shopping 去购物 go boating 去划船
go swimming 去游泳 go dancing 去跳舞
6. This is Jenny. 我是珍妮。
打电话的时候，一般用this 表示我。用that 表示对方。
打电话有关用语：
Who’s that speaking? 你是谁？
Who’s speaking? 谁在讲话？
May/Could I speak to…? 请……接电话好吗？
Is that…speaking? 你是……吗？
This is …speaking? 我是…
Hold on, please. 请等一会。
拓展：
单数
复数
例子
this/that
these/those
This is my book.(主语)
I want that.(宾语)
My book is that.(表语)

为避免重复，可用 that 和 those 代替前面提到的名词。如：
The playground of this school is bigger than that of that school. (That=the playground)
My seat is next to that of the mayor.（that=mayor's seat） 我的座位在市长座位旁边。
［误］The days in summer are longer than this in winter.
［正］The days in summer are longer than those in winter.
［析］在比较句中往往为了避免重复，可以用that或those取代前面提到的事物，如是单数时用that,复数时用those，如：The weather in Beijing is hotter than that in Chang Chun.
用来回指上文提到的事情时，可用this 或 that，但是若要指下文叙述的事情，通常要用 this。如：
--She is a beautiful girl.
--Who said that?
I want to know this: Is she beautiful? 我想知道这一点：她美吗?
在打电话时，通常用 this 指自己，用that指对方：
Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂，我是吉姆，你是约翰吗?
［误］—　Who's this speaking.—　That's Mary.
［正］—　Who's that speaking.—　This is Mary.
［析］在电话用语中，this指讲话人自己，而that指对方。
除用作代词外，this 和that 还可用作副词，用以修饰形容词或副词，意为"这么""那么"，相当于 so。如：
I've done only that much. 我所做的就这么多。
Is he always this busy? 他总这么忙吗?
指示代词this, that 和these在作主语时可指物也可指人，但作其他句子成分时只能指物，不能指人。而those作宾语后接定语从句时可以指人。而且只有that、those后面可以跟定语从句。如：
That is my teacher.　那是我的老师。（that作主语，指人）
He is going to marry this girl.　他要和这个姑娘结婚。（this作限定词）
He is going to marry this.　（this作宾语时不能指人）
I bought this.　我买这个。（this指物，可作宾语）
He admired those who looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的人。（those指人）
He admired that who danced well.　（that作宾语时不能指人）
He admired that which looked beautiful.　他赞赏外表漂亮的东西。
7. join
join sb. for sth. 与某人一起做某事，参与或加入到某人的行列中一起做某事。
拓展
join及物动词，“加入，参加”指加入某一社团或组织，并成为其中一员。
join the Party join the League join the army join the club
8. drink tea 喝茶
drink tea 意为“喝茶” 其中drink 为及物动词，意为“喝”
drink还可以作名词，意为“饮料”，一般情况下为不可数名词，当指饮料的种类或份数时为可数名词。
There are all kinds of drinks in the shop. 这个商店有各种各样的饮料。
英语中表示喝的词有：
drink tea/milk/wine/beer/coffee
eat soup
take medicine
9. shopping
常用短语
go shopping 购物 do some shopping 购物 shopping center 购物中心
shopping list 购物单
shop可作动词，意为“购物”。还可作名词，意为“商店”
There is a shop near here. 这儿附近有一家商店。
shop&store&supermarket
supermarket指自选市场，往往比store,shop经营规模大，经营时间长。
She likes doing the shopping in the supermarket, because she thinks a supermarket has more goods than a shop.
她喜欢到超市买东西，因为她认为超市的货物比商店的货物多。
store与shop均有商店，商场之意。基本上可以通用，美国英语常用store. 英国英语常用shop。store与shop两者作名词时，意为“商店，商场”作动词时，分别意为“贮藏”“购物”
These vegetables are stored for this store.
Mrs. Green often shops at the shop near her house.
10. study&learn
study
侧重于学习的过程，用于表示较高深或周密的“研究”。用作名词，意为“学习，书房”
He is studying the math problem.
他正在研究这道数学问题。
learn
侧重学习的结果，意为“学会”用于初级阶段的学习。
He learns English on the radio.
他通过广播学英语。
11. any
一般用于疑问句和否定句，修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词，肯定句中用some.
They don’t have any friends here.
They have some friends here.
Do they have any friends here?
当表示建议，请求或希望得到肯定回答时，some可用于疑问句中，而不用any.
Would you like some bananas?
any还可以作代词，在句中作主语或宾语。
Is there any left?
other&the other&others&the others
other
其他的
He is cleverer than all the other children in the class.
the other
两者中的另一个
I have two pencils. One is red; other is green.
others
剩余的另一些
A lot of people are in the park. Some are singing; others are dancing.
the others
剩余的全部
I went swimming while the others played tennis.

12. wish&hope
wish
动词
wish sb. sth. 祝愿某人某事
wish (sb.) to do sth. 希望（某人）做某事
wish+that从句，表示难以实现的愿望
We wish you a Happy New Year.
我们祝你新年快乐。
I wish you to go. 我希望你走。
I wish I could fly like a bird. 我希望我能像小鸟一样飞翔。
名词
常用复数
Best wishes to you.
hope
动词
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
hope+that 从句，表示可以实现的愿望
We hope to see you again. 我们希望能再次见到你。