增补词语PPT课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,-,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,-,*,增补词语增补潜在词,从生成语法的角度来看，英语的表层结构在表达深层结构的意义时，某些语义成分被省略。著名的美国语言学家哈里斯把这种省略的词叫做“潜在词”。,1,-,增补潜在词,violin prodigy,（琴童）,其中的潜在词是,playing(,拉,),；,violin merchant(,琴商,),其中的潜在词是,selling(,卖,),。,I began the book yesterday.,2,-,增补潜在词,The new American Secretary of State has proposed a world conference on food supplies.,美国新任国务卿建议,召开,世界食品资源问题会议。,3,-,增补潜在词,I should like to major in archaeology.,可能的话,，我愿主修考古学。,Suppose the preparatory work should not be completed.,准备工作完成不了，,那可怎么办,？,4,-,增补原文中有其义无其形的词,(,省略的词,),What an idea!,这主意真妙,!/,什么鬼主意,!,。,Ill make a man of him.”said Jack.(the father)“College is the place.”,“,我要把他培养成一个,堂堂的,男子汉，”杰克说，“大学就是一个,最理想的,场所,(,地方,),。”,5,-,增补原文中有其义无其形的词,“How shall I do it?”“Just as you wish.”,“,该怎么办呢？”“你想怎么办,就怎么办,。”,“,Are you tired?”“Not very.”,“,你累吗？”“不太,累,。”,6,-,增补原文中有其义无其形的词,Reading makes a full man;conference a ready man;writing an exact man.,读书使人充实，讨论,使人,机智，写作,使人,准确。,Such is war:to the victor,the spoils;to the defeated,the costs.,战争就是如此：胜利者,获得,战利品，战败者,遭受,损失。,7,-,有些不及物动词译成汉语时补加宾语,He never drinks before driving.,他开车前从不喝,酒,。,Im going to cook all the day tomorrow.,明天我得做一天,饭,。,8,-,有些不及物动词译成汉语时补加宾语,Day after day he came to his worksweeping,scrubbing,cleaning.,他每天来干活,扫,地,，擦,地板,，收拾,房间,。,9,-,增补表示复数的词,They won victories in the past two years.,在过去的两年里，他们取得了,一次又一次的,胜利。,10,-,增补表示复数的词,the students,学生,们,modern weapons,各种,现代武器,workers of all industries,各工业,部门,的工人,the mountains,群,山,11,-,增补某些固定词组中，语义成分“在形式上不表现出来”的词,1,“名词,+,名词”组成的词组,pay claim,提高,工资的要求,(,不是工资要求,),oil countries,石油,生产,国,(,不是石油国,),12,-,labor spy,监视,工人的密探,(,不是工人密探,),electricity cut,减少电能,供应,(,不是电能的削减,),13,-,2,“形容词,+,名词”组成的词组，尤其是带有术语性质的词组,solid engine,固体,燃料,发动机,logical computer,逻辑,程序,计算机,The Un-American Committee,反美,活动调查,委员会,14,-,增补修饰性和解释性词语,翻译文学作品时，适当增补修饰性或解释性词语，能提高译文的感染力，增强表达效果。,Blood and Sand,碧血黄沙,The farmer snapped a trip and put it into the fire.,农民“啪“地一声折断了一根树枝，把它放进火里。,15,-,增补范畴词,When the exploration was completed,the two astronauts on the moon would blast off the rocket in the landing craft to join the spaceship once more.,等到,勘察工作,完成，月球上的两位宇航员便引发登月船 上的火箭，重新回到宇宙飞船 上。,16,-,增补范畴词,This is the best solution to your problem.,这是你那问题最好的,解决方案,。,He was a patriotic,adventurous and romantic writer.,他是一个具有,爱国热情,、,探索精神,和,浪漫风格,的作家。,17,-,增补范畴词,The remedies you propose are neat and easy but impossible.,你提的,补救措施,倒是干脆利落、轻而易举，但是行不通。,18,-,增补范畴词,We have winked at these,irregularities,too long;,from now on they will have to stop.,我们对这些,不法活动,宽容太久了，从现在起再也不允许这样下去了。,19,-,增补范畴词,loftiness,崇高气质,readability,可读性,allergy,过敏反应,favoritism,徇私作风,20,-,增补范畴词,jealousy,嫉妒心理,dearrangement,紊乱现象,dejection,沮丧情绪,complexity,复杂局面,(,性,),21,-,增补范畴词,transformation,转化过程,gayety,欢乐气氛,indifference,冷漠态度,22,-,增补范畴词,segregation,隔离政策,(,措施,),foolhardiness,蛮干作风,unemployment,失业现象,irregularities,越轨行为,23,-,增补范畴词,observations,观察结果,muddiness,混沌状态,relativity,相对性,modernization,现代化,24,-,增补某些概括性的词语,The paper discussed language teaching and language research.,论文讨论了语言教学和语言研究,两方面的内容,。,25,-,增补某些概括性的词语,Note that the words“file”.“mean”and“generous”require explanation.,请注意：“狡猾的”、“吝啬”的和“慷慨的”,这三个词,需要解释一下。,26,-,增补某些概括性的词语,The thesis summed up the new achievements made in electronic computers,artificial satellites and rockets.,论文总结了电子计算机、人造卫星和火箭,三个领域中,的新成就。,27,-,