全国英语等级考试三级阅读真题.docx

全国英语等级考试三级阅读真题

全国英语等级考试三级阅读真题 1
SECTION III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)

Dilrections:
Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.

Text 1
Sometime in the middle of the 15th century, a well-to-do merchant from London buried more than 6,700 gold and silver coins on a sloping, hillside in Surrey. He was fleeing the War of the Ro-ses and planned to return during better times. But he never did. The coins lay undisturbed until one September evening in 1990, when local resident Roger Mintey chanced upon them with a metal de-tector, a device used to determine the presence of metals. Minteys find much of.which now sits in the British Museum- earned him roughly $350,000, enough to quit his job with a small manu- facturer and spend more time pursuing lost treasure.
But digging up the past is controversial in Britain. In many European countries, metal detecto- fists, or people using metal detectors, face tough regulations. In the U. K., however, officials in- troduced a scheme in 1997 encouraging hobbyists to report their discoveries (except for those fall- ing under the definition of treasure, like Minteys find, which they are required to report)--but al- lowing them to keep what they find, or receive a reward. Last year, a hidden store was uncovered
in a field outside Birmingham. It consists of more than 1,500 gold and silver objects from the sev-
enth century and was valued at more than $4.5 million. While local museums hurry to raise enough
money to keep the find off the open market, itsits in limbo, owned by the Crown but fa- cing claims by the landowner and the metal detectorist who found it.
The find marks the latest battleground in the increasingly heated conflict between the countrys
10,000-20,000 metal detectorists and the museum workers determined to protect its precious old objects. Supporters say the scheme stems the loss of valuable information about precious old ob-jects, while
opponents argue that metal detectorists dont report everything.

The debate centers on the larger question of who owns the past. "Theres been a slow move over the centuries that precious old things belong to us all," says Professor Christopher Chippindale of Cambridge University. But in Britain at least, the temptation of buried treasure could change all that.
46. According to the first paragraph, the coins in Surrey were
A. worth roughly $350,000
B. possessed by a local resident C. unearthed about 500 years ago D. left by a merchant during a war
47. What do we know about Roger Mintey?
A. He produces metal detectors.
B. He owns a manufacturing firm. C. He works for the British Museum.
D. He seeks buried treasure as a hobby. 48. In the U. K., metal detectorists
A. are rewarded for whatever they find B. are forced to obey tough regulations C. may keep what they have discovered D. should report whatever they discover
49. As for the find outside Birmingham, it is still unclear
A. how much it is worth B. how it was discovered C. who is entitled to it
D. what it is made up of
50. According to Professor Christopher Chippindale, buried treasure
A. is owned by the public
B. is debated in a heated way C. remains a big temptation D. turns precious over time

Part A

Text 1
在15世纪中期， 一位来自伦敦的富有商人将6700多枚金币和银币埋藏在萨里的一座倾斜的山坡里。他 当时在躲避玫瑰战争，打算在战争结束时再返回，但是他却没能回来。这些金银币一直藏在地下，直到
1990年九月的一个夜晚，当地的一位居民Roger Mintey偶然间用一种探测金属的仪器发现了它们。 Mintey 发现的金银币大约价值35万美金(大部分硬币现保存在大不列颠博物馆) ，这笔钱足够他辞去小工厂的工作 并继续搜寻剩下的宝藏。
但是这种挖掘在当时的英国是备受争议的。在许多欧洲国家，金属探测者或使用金属探测器的人都将 面临严厉的法律制裁。然而， l997年
英国官方颁布了一项新制度，鼓励爱好者们上报他们的发现(除了那些属于宝藏范围内的物品， Mintey 的发现就属于此范围，必须上报) ，但允许他们拥有发现的物品或上报赢得奖励。去年，在伯明翰郊外发现 了一处隐秘的仓库。该仓库中藏有1500多件7世纪的金制品和银制品，价值高达450多万美元。正当当地的 博物馆急着筹集资金去购买这些制品以免其流入市场时，它的归属权还在争论，其皇族拥有者遭到了土地 拥有者及发现者的`指责。
这些被发现的物品激发了英国l至2万金属探测者和博物馆力图保护文物的工作人员之间的白热化的战 争。支持者认为此制度阻止了珍贵文物的流失，而反对者认为金属探测者们不会上报所有东西。这场争论 的重点在于到底谁应该拥有历史遗产。剑桥大学的Chris—topherChippindale教授说道， “过去几个世纪以 来，人们渐渐开始认为这些珍贵的文物属于我们所有人” 。但是至少在英国，这些埋葬的宝藏诱惑着很多 人，从而改变了一切。
46.D 【精析】细节题。关于萨里的硬币，从文章第一段第一、二句 “ …awell—to—do merchant from London buried more than 6 ，700...He was fleeing the War of the Roses…”可知，这些硬币是被一位商人 在战争中留下的， D正确。由第一段最后一句“Mintey’s find--much ofwhich now sits in the British Museum- -eamed him roughly$350.000…spend more time pursuing lost treasure.”可知Mintey发现的金银币大约值 三十五万美元，但他并没有发现全部的，题干问的是埋在底下的全部金币的信息，所以A不正确;第一段没 有提及归属权的问题，故8错误;由第一段开头可知，金币是在15世纪中期(大约l650年左右)埋藏的， l990年 发现，中间大约340年左右，故C不正确。综上所述，故选D。
47.D 【精析】推断题。由文章第一段可知， Mintey只是使用金属探测器发现了金币，并不是他发明了 金属探测器，故A不正确。由第一段最后一句可知， Mintey是在一家工厂工作，并不是拥有一家工厂，故 B、C不正确。从文章第一段最后两句可知， Roger Mintey是偶然间用金属探测器发现的并且他在一家小工 厂工作，第二段第三句也提到政府鼓励爱好者上报他们的发现，并举了Mintey的例子，由此可推断Mintey 只是将此作为爱好，故选D。
48.C 【精析】细节题。根据第二段第三句“In the U.K. ，however ，offi—cials introduced a scheme in l997 encouraging hobbyists to repoa their discoveries(…)一but allowing them to keep what they find.Or receive a reward.”可知，在英国，政府出台政策鼓励人们上报发现的物品，但是允许他们拥有，故选c。
49.C 【精析】推断题。根据文章第二段最后一句“While local muse umshurry to raise enough money to keep the find off the open market ，itsits in limb0 ，owned by the Crown but facing claims by the
landowner and the metal detectorist who find it.”可知，关于该宝藏的归属权还在争论中，故选C。

50.A 【精析】细节题。从文章最后一段第二句“1here’S been a slow more over the centuries that precious old things belong to US all.”可知，这位教授认为这些宝藏或文物是属于大家共有的，故选A。
全国英语等级考试三级阅读真题 2
Part A

Directions:
Read the following two texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.

Text 1
Isabel has turned down two job offers in the past year. In 2021, she started her own consulting
practice, but by 2021, most of her larger clients had to drop her because of the economy. In 2021, she
was undertaking irregular assignments and knew she needed a steady job. The first jobshe considered was Director of HR for a company in Utah. After the initial interviews, she felt the job fit her except for the location. Still, she flew west to meet the hiring manager. The hiring manager explained that Isabel was
the top candidate for the job but that, before she continued with the process, she should better
understand the firms culture. She directed Isabel to several videos of the companys CEO, who regularly appeared in front of the company in costume as part of morale building exercises and expected his senior leaders to do the same. Even though I was desperate for a job, I knew I couldnt do that, Isabel says. She called the recruiter to turn down the job and explained that she didnt feel there was a cultural fit.
A few months later, she interviewed for another job: a director of employee relations at a local
university. After several interviews, the hiring manager told her the job was hers if she wanted it. The job had many positives : it was a low-stress environment, it offered great benefits, and the university was an employee-friendly place. But the job was relatively junior despite the title and Isabel worried it wouldnt be challenging enough. Finally, she turned it down. It would be great to have a paycheck and great benefits but I would definitely have trouble sleeping at night, she says.
In both cases, she was frank with the hiring managers about why she wasnt taking the jobs.In the
past, it felt like dating, I was worried about hurting peoples feelings, she says. However, they appreciated her frankness and thanked her for her honesty. She says it was hard to turn down the jobs and it was a risk for her financially but she felt she had to.
26. In 2021, Isabel
A. did consulting now and then
B. found a job close to her home C. refused several job interviews D. ran a successful consulting firm
27. Isabel turned down the first job offer mainly because of its

A. CEO
B. culture C. location D. recruiter
28. Isabel was dissatisfied with the second job due to its
A.junior rifle
B. low benefits

C. Environment
D. lack of challenge
29. Isabel believed that her rejection of the jobs was
A. harmful
B. surprising C. justifiable
D. troublesome
30. According to Isabel, it is important to
A. look for jobs with little stress
B. look for jobs with great benefits C. be truthful in declining job offers D. be cautious in declining job offers Text 2
You do not usually get something for nothing. Now, a new study reveals that the evolution of an improved learning ability could come at a particularly high price: an earlier death.
Past experiments have demonstrated that it is relatively easy .through selective breeding to make
rats, honeybees and-that great favourite of researchers-fruit flies a lot better at learning. Animals that are better learners should be competitive and, thus, over time, come to dominate a population by natural
selection. But improved learning ability does not get selected amongst these animals in the wild. No one really understands why.
Tadeusz Kawecki and his colleagues at the University of Fribourg in Switzerland have measured the effects of improved learning on the lives of fruit flies. The flies were given two different fruits as egg-laying sites. One of these was laced with a bitter additive that could be detected only on contact. The flies were

then given the same fruit but without an additive. Flies that avoided the fruit which had been bitter were deemed to have learned from their experience. Their children were reared and the experiment was run again.
After repeating the experiment for 30 generations, the children of the learned flies were com- pared with normal flies. The researchers report in a forthcoming edition of Evolution that although learning
ability could be bred into a population of fruit flies, it shortened their lives by 15%. When the researchers compared their learned flies to colonies selectively bred to livelong lives, they found even greater
differences. Whereas learned flies had reduced their life spans, the long-lived flies learned less well than even average flies.
The authors suggest that evolving an improved learning ability may require a greater investment in the nervous system which takes resources away from processes that delay ageing. However, Dr.
Kawecki thinks the effect could also be a by-product of greater brain activity increasing the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which can increase oxidation in the body and damage health.
No one knows whether the phenomenon holds true for other animals. So, biologists, at least, still have a lot to learn.
31. Past experiments prove selective breeding can make animals better

A. Commanders

B. Competitors C. survivors
D. learners
32. In this experiment, scientists observed that
A. some flies avoided the fruit without an addictive B. some flies preferred the fruit with an addictive C. the eggs of the flies were not damaged
D. the impact on the flies did not last long
33. The forthcoming report says that
A. long-lived flies are better at laying eggs B. long-lived flies are poorer in learning
C. learned flies have a relatively long life
D. learned flies live as long as average ones
34. According to Dr.Kawecki, greater brain activity

A. reduces oxygen consumption B. regulates the nervous system C. speeds up the ageing process D. stabilizes the ageing process
35. We learn from the text that
A. the research findings need to be tested further
B. biologists are doing similar research on other animals
C. the animal world usually follows the same universal laws D. biologists are applying their findings to other areas
阅读PartB Directions:
Read the texts from a magazine article in which five people talk about tipping in a restaurant. For questions 36-40, match the name of each person to one of the statements (A- G) given below.

Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET. Richard:
Ive always viewed tipping as a way of saying thank you to the one who serves me. I believe what is bad is when no tip is left at all. The better the service, the higher the tip. Unless the service is literally
perfect, I never tip more than 10% of the bill. Much like the harder teachers in school, I never give an easy "A.My assessment is honest.

Daniel:
A tipis a thank you, but in truth, a tipis payment for service. 20% is a standard tip. Servers deserve it for their hard work. Restaurants will never pay more for labor unless they are forced to do so by new laws. Tips make up about 97% of a servers total income. Those tips are needed for survival. So, before servers are paid a living wage, tip 20%.

Kate:
Why should I pay the difference between what the restaurant is willing to pay the employee and what an acceptable wage is? I do pay 20%, but I hate it. A friend of mine left Europe for New York City, found a job in a restaurant there and ended up making $5,500 a month. Enough above mini- mum wage? How
about miners, construction workers, resident doctors, etc? Do they get tipped?

Patricia:

18 -20% for good service is todays standard. The restaurant and its employees arc too polite to tell you this or to put it on their menus, but that is their expectation and you need to understand that. I believe it is good manners to respect this. To do otherwise is to be openly rude. If you disagree, you arc wise to cat elsewhere, as you are hurting a hardworking professional.

Michael:
Tipping has gotten out of control. I always had thought it was 15%, and now suddenly servers have made it 20%. I tip 15%, and thats it. If the service is really superior, then I work higher from there.
Interesting to be told,"If you cant afford to tip 20%, then you should cat at home. If all those people stayed away, the restaurant would not even be in business.
Now match the name of each person (36 - 40) to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements.
Statements

36.Richard

37. Daniel38. Kate

39. Patricia

40. Michael
A. Its rude not to tip.
B. I do tip,though I dont like it.
C. Tipping shouldnt be compulsory.
D. Tips are essential to servers survival.
E. If you dont tip, you are punishing the server.
F. I think the current tipping standard is too high. G. My tip faithfully reflectshow good the service is.
阅读PartC: Directions:
Read the following text from which five sentences have been removed. Choose from the sentences A-G the most suitable one to fill each numbered gap in the text (41-45). There are TWO extra sentences that you do not need to use. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.
In 2021, the number of hungry people in the world reached one billion for the first time. Its difficult not to be shocked by the fact that more than one in seven people in the world do not have enough to
eat.41Hunger kills more people per year than diseases such as AIDS, malaria and TB co