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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢,Smart Cars,Unit 2,第1页,Oral English Topics,Cars in Modern Life,Tips:,1.Do you want to own a car in future?What kind of car would you like to buy?,2.What will the future cars be like?,3.Is it necessary for everybody to have a car in china?,4.what is the relationship between cars and the environment?,第2页,1.automobile industry:,The automobile industry is one of the most important industries in the world,affecting not only economies but also cultures.It provides jobs for millions of people,generates billions of dollars in world-wide revenues,and provides the basis for a multitude of related service and support industries.Automobiles revolutionized transportation in the 20,th,century,changing forever the way people live,travel and do business.,第3页,The automobile has enabled people to travel and transport goods farther and faster,and has opened wider market areas for business and commerce.The auto industry has also reduced the overall cost of transportation by using methods such as mass production(making several products at once,rather than one at a time),mass marketing(selling products nationally and globally rather than locally),and globalization of production(assembling products with parts made world-wide).,第4页,Between 1886 and 1898,about 300 automobiles were built,but there was no real established industry.A century later,with automakers and auto buyers expanding globally,automaking became the worlds largest manufacturing activity,with more than 53 million new vehicles built each year worldwide.,第5页,Automobile manufactures are among the largest companies in the world.These corporations are often multinational.These companies often share parts,or use parts made in foreign factories.The U.S.automobile industry produced 16.8 million vehicles in 1999.The three major automobile manufactures in the United States-General Motors Corporation,Ford Motor Company,and Daimler Chrysler AG-provide three-fourths of the industrys total direct employment in the United State.,第6页,At the start of the 21,st,century,the trends of global trade and manufacturing flexibility continue.Computerization continues to be a major part of auto design and manufacture,as do the search for alternative fuels and more efficient automobile designs.,第7页,2.Global Positioning System(GPS):space-based radio-navigation system,consisting of 24 satellites and ground support.GPS provides users with accurate information about their position and velocity,as well as the time,anywhere in the world and in all weather conditions.,第8页,GPS determines location by computing the difference between the time that a signal is sent and the time it is received.GPS satellites carry atomic clocks that provide extremely accurate time.The time information is placed in the codes broadcast by the satellite.,第9页,so that a receiver can continuously determine the time the signal was broadcast.The signal contains data that a receiver uses to compute the locations to of the satellites and to make order adjustments needed for accurate positioning.,第10页,The receiver uses the time difference between the time of signal reception and the broadcast time to compute the distance,or range,from the receiver to the satellite.The receiver must account for propagation delays,or decreases in the signals speed caused by the ionosphere and the troposphere.,第11页,With information about the ranges to three satellites and the location of the satellite when the signal was sent,the receiver can compute its own three-dimensional position.,As of March 1994,24 GPS satellites were in operation.Replenishment satellites are ready for launch,and contracts have been awarded to provide satellites into the 21,st,century.,第12页,GPS applications continue to grow in land,sea,air,and space navigation.The ability to enhance safety and to decrease fuel consumption will make GPS an important component of travel in the international airspace system.,第13页,Airplanes will use GPS for landing at fogbound airports.Automobiles will use GPS as part of intelligent transportation systems.Emerging technologies will enable GPS to determine not only the position of a vehicle but also its altitude.,第14页,3.Intelligent Transportation System(ITS):advanced electronics,communications,and computer systems that increase the efficiency and safety of highway transportation.,第15页,Originally known as Intelligent Vehicle/Highway System(IVHS),these technologies can provide real-time information exchange between drivers and roads,giving rise to the terms“smart cars”and“smart highways”.,第16页,As the technologies have expanded to include public transportation and commercial vehicles,this range of technologies has become known as the Intelligent Transportation System.,第17页,Increasingly,drivers will have access to up-to-the-minute information on traffic conditions,alternate routes,and directions to unfamiliar destinations.Ultimately,vehicles control may be automated.,第18页,Smart cars,What is a smart car？,智能车，是一个基于高科技车型。在装备各种电脑系统和辅助设备之后，它能自动完成或帮助驾驶人完成特定任务，如泊车，驾驶，调整速度、方向等。当前许多国家和企业都有研发并生产了一些不一样型号与功效智能车。下面将简明介绍两种智能车（图）。,第19页,Car in the future,美研类007电影中智能车,性能:汽车电动门能够对周围人群放出电击式撞击。汽车顶端有几个喷嘴，作用是在城市战中向对方放射摧泪瓦斯。更令人吃惊是，汽车顶端还装备了外表像警灯一样激光枪，360度视野摄像机能够追踪任意角度攻击者。为了保护士兵，汽车采取了近似黑色防弹玻璃。为了不让汽车落入敌方之手，智能汽车还使用了指纹识别系统。(photo),第20页,第21页,清华大学智能技术与国家重点试验室研制成功“,清华智能车,”,中央电视台在报道中介绍，清华研究这辆汽车最高时速到达150公里，完全是由智能控制，智能车经过车顶摄像头拍摄前方路况图像，并传入车内电脑中，经过计算机软件指挥方向盘运动，从而实现道路避障、道路停障以及遥控驾驶，为了实现这些功效，这辆车配置了先进GPS互补定位系统和激光雷达测障系统。,教授说，这辆车一些关键技术，如“定位系统，各种传感器信息处理”投入到实际应用，能够使汽车夜间行驶和巡查监视等方面带来很多方便。(photo),第22页,more,第23页,今天，未来汽车影子已经可在一些新款车展上初见端倪。关注一下当今一些车展上展示出新款车型，如本田企业生产一款装有摄影机日本版雅阁汽车，其优异功效就能够帮助驾驶者在偏离车道时自动修正路线；再如即将推出款Acura RL车也装有全新全球定位系统，除能为驾驶者指导方向外，还实时提供交通情况汇报。,另外，日本款威驰普锐斯车上还装有自动泊车系统，能够经过激光设备引导驾车人进入停车位。有报道说，年底，一款新型18-wheelers重型车还将装配一个眼球扫描系统。该系统可经过统计驾车人眨眼次数，监测瞳孔活动情况来检测驾驶者疲劳程度和酒精浓度，借以保障行车安全。,第24页,Any idea about the functions of smart car?,智能控制系统,GPS互补定位系统,激光雷达测障系统,各种传感器信息处理,电子稳定控制器,眼球扫描系统,红外热量探测仪,回转偏航传感器,微型数码摄影机,车载雷达系统,自动泊车系统,自动温度控制系统,第25页,Is it possible for ordinary people to own one in the near future?If not,what will be the difficulties?What does the author think they are?,(technology,computer system,highway),The following page will provide a brief introduction of the development.,第26页,铁道学院信电院林建东因创造了一款新型智能电动小汽车而被誉为“科技新星”，他这项创造因其应用前景好、安全系数灵敏度高而在甘肃省“挑战杯”竞赛中取得二等奖。,林建东所创造智能控制系统，成本较低而科技含量相对较高，该系统既可用于玩具汽车也可用在汽车制造业上，应用前景很好。他预计，该项结果在开发出来后定会大受欢迎。,第27页,消费者汇报杂志表示在未来3到5年里，这项技术就将被广泛应用与公共汽车上。车辆安全性能是全部些人感兴趣话题。而未来汽车就具备能为你提供更加好安全保障功效。,据悉，到年，将会有多款车辆装配各种红外热量探测仪、回转偏航传感器和微型数码摄影机，这么能够从不一样角度监测调整行车速度和方位.,第28页,Part1 para.1-3,New technology will have a dramatic impact on cars and highways in the 21st century.,Part 2 para.4-9,With the aid of advanced technology,smart cars will be so designed that they can help eliminate traffic accidents,determine their own precise locations and warn of traffic jams.,Part 3 para.10-13,GPS and“telematics”will make t possible to build smart highways,which will benefit us in more than one way.,第29页,telematics,Telematics:远程信息学,Tele-:telegraph电报,telemeter测远仪,-matics:informatics,mathematics,Auto-prefix of or by yourself,or operating independently and without needing help,eg.,an auto-focus camera,an auto-immune disease,第30页,words and phrases,Convert:change of use-,1.My kids are trying to convert me to country music,2.We converted our oil furnace to gas to save money.,Correlate:“cor”-together,(e.g.corporate),n.correlation:,a connection between two or more things,Eg.Transmission of AIDS is highly correlated with alcohol use.,第31页,Incorporate:(,corporate),+(,in),n.incorporation,vt.,1.包含;加上;吸收(+in/into),We will incorporate your suggestion in this new plan.,我们将把你提议纳入这一新计划。,2.把.合并;使并入(+with),Well incorporate the new plan with the old.,我们将把新老计划合并为一。,3.使混合(+with),incorporate a chemical substance with others,把一个化学物质与他种化学物质混合,第32页,4.把.组成企业(或社团),When the business became large,the owners incorporated it.,商店业务扩充后,老板把它组成了企业。,5.使详细化;表达,incorporate ones thoughts in an article,在文章中把想法表示出来,vi.,1.合并;混合(+with),Paints incorporate with oil.,颜料与油混合在一起。,2.组成企业(或社团),第33页,Decrease,Decrease-smaller or fewer 反义-increase,N.降低额,减小量C(+in/of),eg,.,The decrease in unemployment was 30 percent.,失业人数降低了百分之三十,V.decrease the number to 把数目减到。,decrease in size/price 尺寸减小。,eg.These measures will help decrease the cost of production.,这些办法有利于降低生产成本。,第34页,Eliminate(from)-get rid of,-removefrom,eg.,1.排除,消除,毁灭(+from),Our goal is to eliminate poverty.,我们目标是毁灭贫困。,2.(比赛中)淘汰(+from),Our team was eliminated from the competition in the first round.,我队在第一轮比赛中就被淘汰。,3.不加考虑,忽略,4.【口】杀(人),第35页,lucrative,Adj.,1.有利，盈利，合算。,2.【军事】值得作为目标。,a lucrative investment 有利投资。a lucrative target可获战果攻击目标。,-ly 副词,-ness 名词,Eg.1.Regions lucrative market attracts newest commercial lender,2.The owner and general manager offered the player a lucrative lifetime contract,第36页,vibrate,1.摇动，振动；颤动。,2.心中打颤，胸口噗噗地跳；精神振奋。,3.(像钟摆一样地)摆动；,e.g.,a vibrating type regulator,【机械工程 】摆动式调整器。,1.,Musical sounds are produced when the strings of the piano vibrate,2.We felt the earthquakes vibrations 120 miles away!,第37页,Turn sth into/become a reality,E.g.,1.Her dream of being a college student has turned into a reality.,2.Working at home and communicating with fellow workers via their PCs has become a reality for some,.,第38页,As well,E.g.,1.She wanted to produce the play and to direct it as well.,2.Elles face paled with disappointment;perhaps with anger as well.,第39页,Get/be stuck in(sth.),be unable to move or to be moved,E.g.,1.I was stuck in the traffic yesterday for about one hour.,2.I was stuck at home with flu.,第40页,Be poised to,Be ready to take action at any moment,e.g,.,1.,The automobile company is poised to launch its new advertising campaign.,2.It is reported that US forces are poised to attack Iraq.,第41页,Take control of,e.g.,1.The new manager didnt know how to take control of his company.,2.The government has taken control of all the newspapers.,第42页,Send out,send away,1.撵走；开除；辞退。,2.把送到远处；写信派人至远方。,3.派人去拿去请(for)。,send down,1.英大学俚勒令退学；开除。,2.使下降；使下落；使降低。,3.使到(饭厅)去,第43页,send for 派人去叫请；遣人去拿；乞求,eg.,send for a doctor 派人去请医生。send for a book 派人去拿一本书。,send forth out,1.送出；发送。,2.发出(香气)。,3.长生出(芽，枝等)。,4.派遣,5.出口。,第44页,send in,1.送。2.拿出；提出。3.递名片。,4.参加展览,Eg.,send in ones papers 提出辞呈；呈请辞职。,send in ones jacket 辞职。,send in ones name 申请参加赛。,第45页,send off,1.寄出；发(信、货等)。,2.驱逐，撵走。,3.送别(出走、旅行等人)。,4.派遣；解聘。,send on,1.转送；转寄(信等)。,2.预送；先送,Please send the letter on to my mother.,请将此信转送家母,第46页,Start up,start from Paris 从巴黎出发。,start for home 动身回家。,start on a journey 起程旅行。,start on a task 着手工作。,start work(ing)口语,start to work 开始工作。,Eg.Knowledge starts with practice.知识从实践开始。,第47页,start up,1.惊跳起来,eg.Suddenly he started up from the chair.,突然间他从椅子上惊跳起来。,2.突然出现。3.突然发动。4.开始工作。5.开办，开张。,start out,跳出；开始，着手；俚语企图，计划(to do),eg.Ill start out to write my paper tomorrow.我计划明天写读书汇报。,第48页,In the air,1.in the earths atmosphere,2.uncertain,not yet decided,e.g.,1.There is a peculiar smell in the air.,2.Our plans are still in the air.,第49页,Sentence drills,第50页,1.double prepositions,e.g.,1.The automobile industry ranks,as among,the most lucrative and powerful industries of the twentieth century.,2.The monkey suddenly emerged,from behind,the tree,frightening Lucy into screaming.,第51页,2.V.+it+adj.+to do,E.g.,make it possible,find it effective,consider it feasible,第52页,3.Other than,Eg.,They do not require special roadway installations,other than well-maintained lane markings.,他们不需要尤其道路设置,只需要将路面标志维护好就行了.,第53页,4.With,It will become affordable to a wide range of vehicle owners and operators,especially,with,many of the enabling technologies already,being,commercialized for volume production today.,不用多久,其成本就能为广大车辆拥有者和驾驶者所接收,尤其是当前不少能够应用技术已经走向市场,开始了批量生产.,第54页,More than,It is more difficult and expensive to implement than it really is.,它应用比实际情况更困难,更昂贵.,Language is more a skill than a knowledge.,与其说语言是一门知识，倒不如说是一项技能。,第55页,given,Given,all of this experience in implementing safe automated transportation systems,it is not such a large leap to develop road vehicles that can operate under automatic control.,考虑到全部这些安全利用自动化交通运输系统经验,开发由自动化控制系统操纵公路车辆不算是什么大飞跃.,见 text B课后翻译,第56页,Abbreviation,Clipping:form a word by omitting ltters of a word,e.g.ad(vertisement),lab(oratory),math(ematics).,Blending:form a word by combining parts of some other words,e.g.,smog-smoke and fog,motel-motor and hotel,telematics-telecommunication and informatics,Could you find more in the text?,第57页,Try to find other words of the two types!,kilo-email-,gym-brunch-,doc-Medicare-,Can you give more examples?,第58页,Verbs in the form of,ing,and,ed,sleeping child canned food,drinking water enriched English,everlasting love unchanged melody,Create some expressions of the type!,第59页,Essay writing,Useful words,Sample （见其它相关附件）,第60页,个人品质惯用词汇,able 有才能，能干,adaptable 适应性强,active 主动，活跃,aggressive 有进取心,ambitious 有雄心壮志,amiable 和善可亲,analytical 善于分析 apprehensive 有了解力,aspiring 有志气，有理想,audacious 大胆，有冒险精神,capable 有能力，有才能,第61页,careful 办理仔细,candid 正直,competent 能胜任,constructive 建设性 cooperative 有合作精神,creative 富创造力,dedicated 有贡献精神,dependable 可靠 diplomatic 老练，有策略,disciplined 守纪律 dutiful 尽职,第62页,well-educated,受过良好教育,efficient,有效率,energetic,精力充沛,expressivity,善于表示,faithful,守信，忠诚,frank,直率，真诚,generous,宽宏大量,genteel,有教养,gentle,有礼貌,humorous,有幽默,impartial,公正,independent,有主见,industrious,勤奋,第63页,ingenious 有独创性,motivated 目标明确,intelligent 了解力强,learned 精通某门学问,logical 条理分明,methodical 有方法,modest 谦虚,objective 客观,precise 一丝不苟,punctual 严守时刻,第64页,realistic 实事求是,responsible 负责,sensible 明白事理,sporting 光明正大,steady 踏实,systematic 有系统,purposeful 意志坚强,sweet-tempered 性情温和,temperate 稳健,tireless 孜孜不倦,第65页,求职信 Cover letter,所谓求职信Cover letter 是附着在简历resume之前，用于陈说个人求职意向、优势和目标信件。求职信是轻易被国内学生忽略简历中主要一项，其实它对于详述简历中重点，解释和补充求职目标有绝佳作用。而且，一份漂亮简历会透露出你不普通英文利用能力。切记，求职信和简历一定要简明扼要，突出重点，最好各一页纸。,第66页,抢眼点各不一样,详细到一些行业，比如金融行业，人力资源经理对数字相对敏感，那么，简历中当然要突出数字，哪怕你在学校时只为演讲比赛拉到过1000元赞助。而管理类职位较看中求职者管理经验。,第67页,专心良苦Resume,若你认为凭一份简历就能够高枕无忧，笑傲职场，绝对痴心妄想。在你驰骋职场之前，改简历经历足够让你回味终生。,五杆枪创江湖,大多数求职者为了争取更多机会，求职行业跨度较大。这么就需要制作适合不一样行业简历。普通情况时，国企、外企、技术行业、管理工作、金融行业各一份。,范例见文档“求职信”,第68页,
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