2020-2022北京重点校高一(下)期中英语汇编：被动语态.docx

2020-2022北京重点校高一（下）期中英语汇编
被动语态
一、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子
（2022·北京师大附中高一期中）根据语境选择词语，并用其恰当形式填空，每个词仅使用一次。
weight, trade, strike, treat, bridge, carpet, recipe, occur, locate
1．It will be a great ________ to have a five-day break after such an overwhelming exam week. We can go on a family spring trip in the countryside.
2．When interviewed about her ________ for success, she noted setting realistic goals and sticking to them really worked well on her.
3．Now that the birds are nesting in the trees and the hills ________with flowers, we all want to get outside.
4．My mother told me that when she was a little kid, she often ________ candies with her friends for the posters of her favorite singer.
5．There is no denying that education is still playing a vital role in ________ the gap between the rich and the poor.
6．It is reported that two black boxes from the fatal plane crash ________.
7．More than 50 earthquakes ________ the region since last century, causing hundreds of deaths and substantial property damage.
（2022·北京八十中高一期中）选词填空
break down； on the basis of； apart from； as for； star in； enable； strike； measure； protest；   reward；   trap；   fail；
8．Twenty miners ________ underground, but soon they were rescued.
9．He ________ dozens of films in the past 3 years, which makes him a world-famous actor.
10．Statement should be made ________ fact.
11．We provide software and services ________ people to do better work.
12．We should take ________ to protect endangered animals.
13．We didn’t see any one all day, ________ a couple of kids on the beach.
14．________ Beijing Opera, it is a little bit difficult for teenagers to understand.
15．There is no use ________. I will not change my mind.
16．On my way to the station, my car ________, so I had to call vehicle rescue service.
17．Teaching can be a very ________ career. It allows teachers to have an input in the development of young lives.
18．He seldom practice playing guitar in his spare time, so his performance was a complete ________.
19．They predicted that a destructive earthquake ________ this area before the end of the century.
二、根据首字母填写单词
20．（2022·北京八中高一期中）Teachers will never be r________ by computers in the classroom. (v. be used instead of somebody/something else) （根据首字母单词拼写）
21．（2022·北京·北师大二附中高一期中）He was a________the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology. (v. to make an official decision to give sth. to sb. as a payment, prize, etc. )（根据首字母单词拼写）
22．（2022·北京·北师大二附中高一期中）The two men died when they were t________in a burning building. (v. to keep sb. in a dangerous place or bad situation that they want to get out of but cannot)（根据首字母单词拼写）
三、根据中英文提示填写单词
23．（2020·北京·牛栏山一中高一期中）An   average   of   200   heart   operations   a   year are p ______ (做，实施) at the hospital.
24．（2020·北京·牛栏山一中高一期中）The Internet has been r______(认为) as a wonderful tool that allows students to gain useful resources and information.
四、汉译英（整句）
25．（2020·北京·牛栏山一中高一期中）正是由于大家的共同努力，疫情在中国才得到了控制。(强调句)
五、完成句子
26．（2022·北京师大附中高一期中）不仅是她个人的荣誉，而且是对全体中国科学家的认可和鼓励。
Tu Youyou said that the Nobel Prize she ________(award) with was not only ________ for herself, but also ________.
27．（2022·北京·101中学高一期中）他越来越生气，这说明他已经失去了耐心。
He became angrier, which showed that his patience ________ ________ ________.

参考答案
1．treat    2．recipe    3．are carpeted    4．traded    5．bridging    6．have been located##were located    7．have struck
【解析】1．考查名词。句意：在经历了如此压倒性的考试周之后，能有五天的休息时间将是一件很棒的乐事。我们可以一家人去乡下春游。此处应用名词做表语，根据句意可知，空处表示“乐事；享受”应用名词treat，且由前面的a可知，应用单数形式，故填treat。
2．考查名词。句意：当被问及她的成功秘诀时，她指出，制定现实的目标并坚持下去对她真的很有效。空处应用名词做宾语，根据句意可知，此处表示“秘诀”应用名词recipe，且此处“她的成功秘诀”是一个秘诀，应用名词单数，故填recipe。
3．考查时态和语态。句意：现在鸟儿在树上筑巢，山上开满了花，我们都想到外面去。and前后是两个并列的状语从句，空处是now that引导的状语从句“the hills______with flowers”的谓语，句子描述的是一般性事实，应用一般现在时，此处表示“山上开满了花”应用动词短语carpet sth. with sth.(用……把……厚厚地覆盖)，且主语the hills和动词carpet是被动关系，所以空处应用一般现在时的被动，主语是复数，故填are carpeted。
4．考查时态。句意：我妈妈告诉我，当她还是个小孩子的时候，她经常用糖果和她的朋友们交换她最喜欢的歌手的海报。分析句子结构可知，“My mother told me that”是主句，“when she was a little kid, she often_______candies with her friends for the posters of her favorite singer.”是宾语从句，在宾语从句中，“when she was a little kid”是状语从句，“she often_______candies with her friends for the posters of her favorite singer.”是主句，所以空处做谓语，句子描述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，此处表示“交换”用动词trade的过去式，故填traded。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：不可否认的是，教育在缩小贫富差距方面仍发挥着至关重要的作用。此处表示“缩小差距”应用动词短语bridge the gap，且由前面的介词in可知，此处应用bridge(缩小)的动名词形式，故填bridging。
6．考查时态和语态。句意：据报道，这次致命的飞机失事的两个黑匣子（已经）找到了。分析句子结构可知，It是形式主语，真正的主语是后来的that从句，空处在从句中做谓语，且根据句意可知，此处表示“找到”应用动词locate，且主语two black boxes和动词locate二者之间是被动关系，句子既可以表示“已经找到了”应用现在完成时的被动，也可表示“找到了”用一般过去时的被动，主语是复数，故填have been located/were located。
7．考查时态。句意： 自上世纪以来，该地区已发生50多次地震，造成数百人死亡和大量财产损失。空处在主句中做谓语，根据句意可知，此处表示“袭击”应用动词strike，且由后面的since可知，句子表示从过去到现在50多次地震已经袭击了这个地区，应用现在完成时，且主语是复数，故填have struck。
8．were trapped    9．has starred in    10．on the basis of    11．to enable    12．measures    13．apart from    14．As for    15．protesting    16．broke down    17．rewarding    18．failure    19．would strike
【解析】8．考查时态语态。句意：二十名矿工被困在地下，但很快就获救了。根据后文“underground”以及句意“被困”可知应填动词trap，作谓语，与主语构成被动关系，结合后文“but soon they were rescued.”可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填were trapped。
9．考查时态。句意：在过去的三年里，他主演了几十部电影，这使他成为一个世界著名的演员。根据后文“makes him a world-famous actor”以及句意“主演”可知短语为star in，结合“in the past 3 years”可知为现在完成时，主语为he，助动词用has。故填has starred in。
10．考查固定短语。句意：陈述应以事实为依据。根据上文“Statement should be made”以及句意“以……为依据”可知应填动词on the basis of，故填on the basis of。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们提供软件和服务，使人们能够更好地工作。根据后文“people to do better work”以及句意“使能够”可知应填动词enable，此处作目的状语用不定式。故填to enable。
12．考查名词。句意：我们应该采取措施保护濒危动物。根据后文“to protect endangered animals”以及句意“采取措施”可知短语为take measures to do sth.。故填measures。
13．考查固定短语。句意：我们一整天都没看到任何人，除了海滩上的几个孩子。根据后文“a couple of kids on the beach”以及句意“除了……之外”可知短语为apart from。故填apart from。
14．考查固定短语。句意：至于京剧，对青少年来说有点难理解。根据后文“Beijing Opera, it is a little bit difficult for teenagers to understand”以及句意“至于”可知应填短语as for。句首单词首字母要大写。故填As for。
15．考查动词。句意：抗议是没有用的。我不会改变主意的。根据后文“I will not change my mind.”以及句意“抗议”可知应填动词protest，此处为句型There is no use doing sth.。故填protesting。
16．考查固定短语和时态。句意：在我去车站的路上，我的车坏了，所以我不得不打电话给汽车救援服务。根据后文“so I had to call vehicle rescue service”以及句意“出故障”可知短语为break down，为一般过去时。故填broke down。
17．考查形容词。句意：教书是一项非常有价值的职业。它使教师能够对年轻人的生活发展作出贡献。根据后文“It allows teachers to have an input in the development of young lives.”以及句意“有价值的”可知应填形容词rewarding，作定语修饰career。故填rewarding。
18．考查名词。句意：他在业余时间很少练习弹吉他，所以他的演出完全失败了。根据上文“He seldom practice playing guitar in his spare time”以及句意“失败”可知应填名词failure，作表语，抽象名词具体化，不定冠词提示用单数。故填failure。
19．考查时态。句意：他们预言本世纪末之前这个地区将发生一场毁灭性的地震。根据后文“this area”以及句意可知应填动词strike，此处主句为一般过去时，宾语从句应用过去将来时。故填would strike。
20．replaced##eplaced【详解】考查动词语态。句意：教室里的老师永远不会被电脑取代。分析句子可知，本句为一般将来时的被动语态，谓语构成will be done结构，空处缺少过去分词，根据英文释义be used instead of somebody/something else(动词。用来代替某人/某物)及首字母提示可知，此处应用动词replace(代替)，过去分词为replaced。故填replaced。
21．awarded##warded【详解】考查动词被动语态。句意：他因在生理学上的成就而被授予诺贝尔奖。（动词，正式决定将某物作为报酬、奖品等给予某人。）根据首字母以及括号内的英语解释可知，空处表达的意思为“授予、奖与”，应用动词award，且由was和句意可知，主语he与谓语动词award之间存在被动关系，应使用一般过去时的被动语态，故填awarded。
22．rapped##trapped【详解】考查动词和语态。句意：这两名男子被困在一座燃烧的建筑物中时死亡。（动词，使某人处于他们想摆脱但不能摆脱的危险境地）结合首字提示以及英文提示，空处表示“使陷入困境”应用动词trap，根据空前动词was和句意可知，设空处应用动词的过去分词与之构成被动语态，be trapped in被困在。故填trapped。
23．performed##erformed【详解】考查语态。句意：这家医院每年平均要做200例心脏手术。名词operations与动词perform之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式，根据所给首字母和中文“做，实施”提示可知，故填performed。
24．regarded##egarded【详解】考查动词和被动。句意：互联网一直被认为是一个很好的工具，让学生获得有用的资源和信息。根据所给出的首字母和汉语提示可知，应是动词“regard”，在句中作谓语，与主语“The Internet”之间为被动关系，结合空前“has been”可知，应是现在完成时被动：has been done，动词使用过去分词形式。“be regarded as”意为“被认为……”。故填regarded。
25．It is due to our joint efforts that the epidemic has been controlled/has been under control in China.【详解】考查强调句和固定短语。短语due to由于；under control处于控制之下。强调句的结构为It is/was + 强调部分+ that此句。时态为一般现在时和现在完成时。故翻译为It is due to our joint efforts that the epidemic has been controlled/has been under control in China.
26．     was awarded     an honor     recognition and encouragement for all scientists in China/all Chinese scientists【详解】考查固定短语和时态语态。第一空，award与she构成被动关系，结合上文Tu Youyou said可知用一般过去时的被动语态；第二空表示“荣誉”应用an honor；第三空表示“对全体中国科学家的认可和鼓励”翻译为recognition and encouragement for all scientists in China/all Chinese scientists。故填①was awarded；②an honor；③recognition and encouragement for all scientists in China/all Chinese scientists。
27．     had     been     lost【详解】考查动词时态。根据句意及所给句子可知，空处缺少的是句子的谓语，表示“失去”应用动词lose，主语patience与lose是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，结合句意和主句谓语showed可知，动作lose应早于showed，时态应用过去完成时，所以本句谓语用过去完成时的被动语态had been done。故填①had；②been；③lost。
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