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1 高考英语过去完成时时态知识点总结全面整理高考英语过去完成时时态知识点总结全面整理 单选题 1、At sixty,Maugham decided to withdraw from the theater and wrote The Summer Up,in which he tried to review what he from his life and literature.Ahad learnedBhas learned Cwas learningDwould learn 答案:A 解析:试题分析:句意:在 60 岁的时候,Maugham 决定离开剧院,写了 The Summer Up,其中他想回顾他从生活和文学中学到的东西。从 wrote The Summer Up,可知他学习的东西是过去的过去发生的事情,用过去完成时,选 A。考点:考查时态 2、No sooner _ to school _ the bell for the first class began this morning.Ahad I got;whenBI had got;than Chad I got;thanDdid I get;when 答案:C 解析:试题分析:考察倒装句。固定搭配 no soonerthan一就;其中的 no 是一个否定词,当否定词放在句首的时候,后面要使用部分倒装的形式。句意:我一到学校第一节课的铃声就响了。说明我先到学校,然后铃声才响起来。故铃声响起使用了 began 的过去时,我到学校使用过去完成时的时态。故 C 正确。考点:考察倒装句 点评:部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前,或把句子的强调成分提前。Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he has always dreamt about(疾病没有使他放弃过上2 梦想中的生活)1)以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法:例:Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.(小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。)In no country other than Britain,it had been said,can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.(据说除了英国世界上没有哪个国家能让人在一天中感受到四季变化)2)以否定副词开头并加状语放在句首的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有 barely,hardly,little,seldom,scarcely when,never,no sooner than,rarely,no more,not nearly,not only 等以及 only。Only in the country can you learn the“true English”.3)一些如 scarcelywhen,no sooner than,hardlywhen 引导的主从复合句主句要求使用过去完成式。注意:在部分倒装句中,只有助动词、情态动词或连系动词 to be 可以置于主语之前,其它部分都要置于主语之后。3、By the end of last year,another new gymnasium _ in Beijing.Awould be completedBwas being completed Chas been completedDhad been completed 答案:D 解析:考查时态。句意:到去年年底为止,在北京,另外一座新的体育馆已经被建成了。本题的解题关键是 by 到.时为止,该词要和完成时连用,本句 by 后面有 last year,使用过去完成时的时态。故 D 正确。4、No sooner _ the thief stolen out of the store _ he was caught by the collar.Adid;whenBhad;thenChad;suddenlyDhad;than 答案:D 解析:3 考查固定句型。句意:在小偷从商店刚一出来就被抓住了衣领。根据 no sooner.than.(一.就.)可知,当no sooner 置于句首时,要用倒装,谓语用过去完成时,构成:No sooner+had+主语+done+than+一般过去时。因此选 D.5、I_ to help you with your homework but I couldnt spare any time.I_ a composition last night and Ill finish it today.Awanted;have been writingBwanted;wrote Chave wanted;wroteDhad wanted;was writing 答案:D 解析:考查过去完成时的特殊用法和过去进行时。句意:我本想帮助你做家庭作业,但我抽不出任何时间。昨天晚上我在写作文,今天我要写完它。一些动词,如 expect(期待),hope(希望),intend(打算),mean(打算),suppose(料想),think(认为),want(想要)等,可用过去完成时表示“本打算(本计划、本希望、本认为)做而未做”,结合句意可知,第一空处指“本想帮助你做家庭作业,但实际上未能帮上忙”,用过去完成时形式 had wanted 表示“本想做而未做”;第二空中,根据句中时间状语 last night 可知,讲述的是过去的事情,再结合 Ill finish it today 可知,“写作文”这件事情在昨天晚上并未完成,因此应用过去进行时,表示动作当时正在发生,尚未完成。故选 D 项。6、Emma was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _ went wrong again.Ait repairBit repairedCrepairedDto be repaired 答案:C 解析:考查时态。句意:艾玛很失望地看到她修好的洗衣机又出毛病了。分析句子可知,“she had had repaired”做 the washing machine 的后置定语;且分析句意可知,从句中,repair 做 the washing machine 的宾语补足语,因repair 与 the washing machine 之间是被动关系,故用 repaired。结合选项,故选 C。7、Some experts thought that the standards of education _ these years in China.4 Ahas declinedBhad declined Chas raisedDhad raised 答案:B 解析:考查时态和动词词义辨析。句意:一些专家认为,近年来中国的教育水平有所下降。decline 下降,减少;raise提高,举起。分析句子,that 引导的是宾语从句,从句中的动作发生在主句谓语 thought 之前,表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时。raise 是及物动词,后要接宾语,故排除。故选 B 项。8、【2018 海淀二模】I _up my mind what I was going to say in the seminar,but it was cancelled.Ahave madeBhad made Cwas makingDwould make 答案:B 解析:考查时态。句意:我已经决定了在研讨会上要说什么,但是,研讨会被取消了。“make up ones mind”这个行为发生在研讨会被取消之前,根据“it was cancelled”可知,研讨会被取消是过去的事情,那么,make up ones mind 是发生在过去某个动作之前的行为,故该空应用过去完成时态。B 选项正确。9、-What a mistake!-Yes.I _ his doing it another way,but without success.Awas suggestingBwill suggest Cwould suggestDhad suggested 答案:D 解析:试题分析:考查时态。根据第一句 What a mistake!及后面的 without success 可知他已经做错事,而“我的建议”5 应该发生在他做错之前。故用过去完成时。考点:考查时态 10、That was the first time I _to Hongkong so I had great difficulty _the hotel.Awent,findingBhad gone,to find Chave been,foundDhad been,finding 答案:D 解析:考查固定句型和短语。句意:这是我第一次来香港,所以我找旅馆有点困难。固定短语:have difficulty doing sth“做某事有困难”,排除 BC 选项。句型“It is the first/second/third.time that+从句”意为“这是某人第一次做某事”,如果主句谓语是 is,则 that 从句用现在完成时态,如果是 was 则 that 从句用过去完成时。故选 D。11、There was a knock at the door.It was the second time that someone _ me that evening.Ahad interruptedBwould interrupt CinterruptedDwas interrupting 答案:A 解析:考查固定句型及过去完成时。句意:有人敲门。这是那天晚上第二次有人来打扰我了。由第二句“It was the second time that.”想到此处考查固定句型 it was the+序数词+time+that 句子(第几次做某事),that 从句用过去完成时。故选 A 项。12、When I entered the step-classroom(阶梯教室),the lecture _ and the people _ attentively.Abegan,listenedBwas begun,was listening Chad begun,listenedDhad begun,were listening 答案:D 6 解析:考查时态。句意:当我走进阶梯教室时,讲座已经开始了,人们正在聚精会神地听着。根据 entered,可知“我走进阶梯教室时”这个动作发生在过去,而“讲座已经开始了”这个动作发生在过去的过去,所以第一个空用过去完成时;第二个空表示过去的某一时间,正在发生的动作,用过去进行时,故选 D。13、Conservationists _on setting aside natural reserves for the wild species they are trying to protect during the past decade.AfocusedBfocusChave focusedDhad focused 答案:C 解析:考查时态辨析。句意:自然保护主义者在过去几十年里一直在致力于为他们尽力保护的野生动物物种留出自然保护区。根据 during the past decade,此处应该用现在完成时。故选 C。14、We _ contact with each other for years.And last week we _ contact again.Alost;madeBhave been out of;got into Chad been out of;madeDcame;kept 答案:B 解析:考查时态。句意:我们已经多年没有联系了。上周我们又有了联系。根据第一句中的时间状语 for years 和语境,第一空表示在 last week 之前一直持续几年的状态,故用过去完成时态。第二空的时间状语为 last week,因此用一般过去时态。be out of contact with sb 与某人失去联系;make contact with sb 与某人取得联系;get into contact with sb.取得联系。故选 C。15、The girl _ in bed _ to us that she had _ the book on the bookshelf.Alay;lied;layBlying;lay;laid Clying;lied;laidDlied;lied;laid 7 答案:C 解析:考查动词。句意:躺在床上的小姑娘向我们撒谎说她把书放在书橱上了。第一个空 lying in bed 作定语修饰 the girl,因其与所修饰的词之间是主谓关系,故用现在分词;第二个空是撒谎的意思,过去式是 lied;第三个空是放置的意思,此处是过去完成时,过去分词是 laid。故选 C。小提示:记住这个顺口溜:撒谎(lie)的规则(lied/lied/lying),不规则的是躺(lie),躺下(lay/lain/lying)就下蛋(lay),下蛋不规则(laid/laid/laying)。16、Sally was excited to meet Susan at the party last nightThey _ each other since they graduated from Oxford University in 2010 Ahavent seenBhadnt seen Cdidnt seeDdont see 答案:B 解析:since,自从。以后。上句的表语是感到激动(“was excited”),这个状态发生在昨晚(“last night”),也就是过去。因此他们还没彼此见面(“They hadnt seen each other”),这个动作发生在昨晚以前,也就是过去的过去。用过去完成时 17、As soon as I got to the airport,I realized I _my ID card at home.Ahas leftBleftChad leftDwould leave 答案:C 解析:考查动词时态。句意:我一到机场就意识到我把身份证落在家里了。分析句子结构,“I _my ID card at home.”为省略了 that 的宾语从句,缺少谓语动词,leave 这个动作发生在 realized 之前,表示“过去的过去”,需8 用过去完成时。故选 C。18、I _ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage,but I couldnt manage it.Ahave hopedBhopedChad hopedDhopes 答案:C 解析:考查动词时态。句意:我本来计划在 Peter 结婚时送他一个礼物的,可是我没有做到。第二个分句中“couldnt”用的是一般过去时,所以发生在它之前的动作用过去完成时。故选 C。19、It was the third time that she _ the Great Wall.Awent toBhad been toCvisitedDvisit 答案:B 解析:考查固定句型。句意:这是她第三次去北京。在 It was the first/second/thirdtime that这个固定句型中,that从句中应用过去完成时。故选 B 项。小提示:本题涉及到了两个常考句式:(1)It is the first/secondtime that.在这个句型中,that 从句要用现在完成时(2)It was the first/secondtime that.这个固定句型中,that 从句中应用过去完成时。考生要根据主句中的 be 动词确认是用现在完成时还是过去完成时,本题中考查的是第 2 个句式,从句中要用过去完成时,选出正确答案 B 项。20、It was the first time that he_the New Coastal Area of Tianjin and was so impressed by its fast development.Ahave visitedBvisitedChad visitedDwould visit 9 答案:C 解析:考查时态。句意:这是他第一次来到天津这个新的沿海地区,天津的快速发展给他留下了深刻印象。分析题意,根据固定搭配 It+be+the+序数词+time+that(某人第几次做某事)可知,若 be 动词为 was 时,从句的动词用过去完成时。故此处的时态为过去完成时。综合分析,故选 C 项。21、No sooner the top of the hill we all sat down to rest.Ahad we reached;whenBreached we;than Chad we reached;thanDhad we reached;then 答案:C 解析:考查倒装和固定句式。句意:一到达山顶,我们全都坐下来休息。no soonerthan意为“一就”。主句动作发生在 sat down 之前,故用过去完成时,且要用部分倒装,即将助动词 had 置于主语前面。than 后面的从句用一般过去时态。C 选项正确。22、His father told me that he _ for the United States three days _.Ahas left;agoBhad left;agoCleft;agoDhad left;before 答案:D 解析:试题分析:考查过去完成时,句意是:他爸爸告诉我他三天前去了美国。说明在他爸爸告诉我前他去了美国,用过去完成时,和过去完成时连用表示“三天前”用 three days before,表示过去某个时间前的三天,选 D。考点:考查过去完成时 点评:时态的判断主要是根据时间状语,没有具体的时间状语的要根据句意来推测应该用什么时态。过去完成时是个相对的时态,是在过去某个动作之前发生的。10 23、Helen _ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home.Ahas left;comesBleft;had come Chad left;cameDhad left;would come 答案:C 解析:考查动词时态。句意:海伦把钥匙落在办公室了,所以她得等自己的丈夫回家。根据主句和从句两个动词的先后顺序可以判断,丢钥匙在前,回家在后,且都为过去式,所以前者用过去完成时,后者用一般过去式,故选C。24、It _ the second time that I _ this movie.Ais;had seenBwas;had seenCwas;have seenDis;saw 答案:B 解析:考查固定句型。句意:这是我第二次看这部电影。固定句型 It is/was+the 序数词 time that sb.has/had done sth.译为“这是某人第几次做某事”。若 It 后使用 is,则使用现在完成时;若 It 后使用 was,则使用过去完成时。故选 B。25、I _ to help you with your homework but I couldnt spare any time,I _ a composition last night and Ill finish it today.Awanted;was writingBwanted;wrote Chave wanted;wroteDhad wanted;was writing 答案:D 解析:考查过去完成时和过去进行时。句意:我本来想帮你做作业的,但我抽不出任何时间,我昨晚在写作文,今天我要把它写完。根据“but I couldnt spare any time”可知,此处是指过去未实现的愿望或打算,应用 had wanted11 表示“本来想”。根据“Ill finish it today”可知,此处是指昨晚在写作文,所以应用过去进行时。故选 D。26、Hardly _ the school gate when the bell _ to ring.AI had reached,had begunBI reached,began Chad I reached,beganDdid I reach,had begun 答案:C 解析:考查固定句型和倒装。句意:我刚到学校门口,上课铃就响了。Hardlywhen表示“一就”,Hardly 位于句首,主句要进行部分倒装,这一句型中常有两种时态:一是主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时;二是主句用现在完成时,从句用一般现在时,故 C 项正确。27、Hardly _ when I regretted saying it.Ahad the word come outBdid the word come out Cthe word had come outDthe word came out 答案:A 解析:考查时态和部分倒装。句意:我一说出来就后悔了。A.had the word come out 话说出来(过去完成时;部分倒装);B.did the word come out 话说出来(一般过去时;部分倒装);C.the word had come out 话说出来(过去完成时);D.the word came out 话说出来(一般过去时)。分析可知,“hardly”为否定意义副词,置于句首,句子应是部分倒装句式,且分析语境可知,动词“come out”在“regretted”之前发生,应是过去完成时,构成“Hardly had sb done when”固定句型,意为“一就”。故选 A 项。28、A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _ in the mountains for two days.Aare trappingBhave been trapped Cwere trappingDhad been trapped 12 答案:D 解析:考查语态和时态。句意:一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。“who _ in the mountains for two days”是定语从句,修饰 two tourists,two tourists 和 trap 之间是被动关系,该空应用被动语态。由 risked 可知,营救人员救游客是过去的事情,被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前,即“过去的过去”,该空应用过去完成时态。综上,D 选项正确。点睛:过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作,即“过去的过去”,其表达形式为had done,被动语态的表达形式为 had been done。29、Mr.Smith couldnt open the door because his naughty boy _ it from the inside Awould lockBwas locking Chas lockedDhad locked 答案:D 解析:试题分析:考查动词的时态。句意:史密斯先生不能打开门是因为淘气的儿子从里面锁住 了门。史密斯不能打开门发生在过去,而儿子锁门这个动作发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时,所以选 D 项。考点:考查动词的时态 30、Never for one moment,believe it or not,_ being faced with such a situation where a helping hand was greatly needed.AI imaginedBdo I imagine CI have imaginedDhad I imagined 答案:D 解析:考查倒装。句意:信不信由你,我一刻也没有想到过自己会面临这样一种急需帮助的境况。否定词 never 放在13 句首时,主句要用部分倒装,主句的动作“想象”发生在从句动作“需要帮助”之前,从句的时态是一般过去时,因而主句用过去完成时,倒装时将 had 提前。故选 D。31、The last time we saw Toms kid,he _ 2000 English words.AlearnedBhas learned Chad learnedDhad been learning 答案:C 解析:考查时态。句意:上次我们看到汤姆的孩子时,他已经学了 2000 个英语单词。根据 The last time we saw 可知,空格处是过去的过去,要用过去完成时,故选 C。32、Upon arriving home,they found their dog,Spot,which they _ in the charge of Daniel,was starving to death.AleftBwould leave Chad leftDhave left 答案:C 解析:考查时态。句意:他们回到家,发现他们的狗 Spot,他们留下让 Daniel 负责看护的狗,快要饿死了。根据 they found their dog 可知“发现他们的狗 Spot,快要饿死了”是发生在过去的事情,而“他们的狗 Spot 让 Daniel 负责看护”发生在过去的过去,用过去完成时,故选 C。33、By the time he got up,he found his father_to work.AwentBhave goneCgoneDhad gone 答案:D 解析:14 考查时态辨析。句意:当他起床时,他发现他父亲去上班了。by the time 到时候为止用于表示一段时间,主句需用完成时态,根据句意语境可知,他起床是过去发生的事情,他父亲 go to work 是“过去的过去”发生的事情,需用过去完成时,故选 D。34、-Did you know any German before you got to Berlin?-Not a single word _.Ahave I learnedBhad I learned CIve learnedDI had learned 答案:B 解析:试题分析:考查倒装语序及时态。具有(半)否定意义的词或短语位于句首时,用部分倒装。排除 C、D 选项。由对话第一部分是过去时态,“一个词都没学过”这个动作应发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时,排除 A 选项,故选 B。句意:去柏林之前你学过些德语吗?我一个词都没学过。考点:考查倒装语序及时态。35、By the time he was 4 years old,he _ 100 English words.AlearnsBwill have learnedChas learnedDhad learned 答案:D 解析:考查过去完成时。句意:到他 4 岁的时候,他已经学会了 100 个英语单词。by the time 引导的时间状语从句,从句过去时,主句用过去完成时。故 D 选项正确。小提示:by the time 意为“到时候(为止)”,是一个介词短语,在句中经常起连词作用,引导时间状语从句。它的主要用法如下:1).如果从句中的谓语动词是一般过去时,那么主句中的谓语动词通常用过去完成时,表示“截止到从句动作发15 生时,主句动作已经完成,即过去的过去”。2).如果从句中的谓语动词为一般现在时(表示将来),那么主句中的谓语动词常为将来完成时,表示“截止到将来某一时间为止,主句动作将已经完成”。3).如果主句动作不强调已经完成,只是说明过去某个时候的状况,此时主句不用完成时,而应根据实际需要选用适当的时态,此时 by the time 相当于 when。本句符合第一点用法,故 D 选项正确。36、In the past decade,our education system too much on grades.However,grades have a direct connection with future success is still a question.Afocused;whetherBfocused;if Chas focused;whetherDhas focused;if 答案:C 解析:试题分析:考查时态和主语从句。根据 In the past decade,在最近的几十年里,可知句子用现在完成时态,our education system 是句子的主语,单数形式,所以第一空填 has focused;第二空是主语从句做主语,if 是否,不能引导主语从句,所以第二空填 whether。故选 C。【学法指导】主语从句主要有三类:一.(1)由连词 that 引导的主语从句:引导词 that 无含义,在句中不做成分,不可以省。例如:That you will win the medal seems unlikely.你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。(2)用连词 whether 引导的主语从句:whether 有含义(是否),在句中不做成分,不可以省。例如:Whether she is coming or not doesnt matter too much.她来不来都无关紧要。注意:if 不能引导主语从句。二.用连接代词引导的主语从句(在由连接代词 who,whose,whom,which,what,whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever 引导的名词性从句中,其连接代词在句中起名词性作用,担当一定成分).例如:What you need is more 16 practice.你所需要的是更多的训练。三.用连接副词 when,where,why,how 引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。)例如:Where we should leave it is a problem.考点:考查时态和主语从句 37、The cost of living _ by ten percent before the government took any action.Awas goingBwent upChas gone upDhad gone up 答案:D 解析:考查过去完成时。句意:在政府采取任何行动之前,生活费用已经上涨了 10%。根据句意,此处表示生活费用的涨价发生在政府采取行动之前。句中用动词过去时表示政府采取的行动,表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时表发生于“采取措施”之前。故选 D 项。38、Before humans arrived on the island,the species _ in isolation.AlivedBhad livedChas livedDhad been lived 答案:B 解析:考查时态。句意:在人类抵达该岛之前,该物种一直与世隔绝。A.lived 生活(一般过去时);B.had lived 已经生活(过去完成时);C.has lived 已经生活(现在完成时);D.had been lived 已经被生活(过去完成时的被动语态)。结合语意,“该物种与世隔绝地生活”发生在“人类抵达该岛”之前,arrived 使用过去式形式,空处表示“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时,动词 live 与主语之间是主动关系,应填 had lived。故选 B 项。39、By the time he came back,I _ my homework as scheduled.Ahad finishedBwill have finishedCwill finishDfinish 答案:A 解析:17 考查时态。句意:他回来的时候,我已经如期完成了作业。finish my homework 这一动作发生在 he came back之前,也就是过去的过去,应该用过去完成时,故 A 项正确。40、Their failure suggested that they _ the lessons before the test at all.Adidnt go overBhadnt gone over Chadnt went overDhavent gone over 答案:B 解析:考查动词时态。句意:他们的失败表明他们在考试前根本没有复习功课。分析句子结构,that they _ the lessons before the test at all.是一个宾语从句,主句用的一般过去时,从句要使用相应的过去的时态,“他们没有复习功课”这个动作发生在“他们失败表明”这个动作之前,宾语从句中,用过去完成时,即 had+过去分词,go 的过去分词是 gone。故选 B 项。41、It _him that he had _his keys in the office.Astruck ,forgotBhit,forgotten Cstuck,leftDoccurred to,left 答案:D 解析:考查固定句式。句意:他突然想起他把钥匙放在办公室了。本题考查句型:It occurred(to sb.)that 从句,某人突然想起。occur 发生;存在,生存;想起,想到。strike 打击;罢工;敲击;打动;撞击,(自然的)侵袭;hit 打击;袭击;碰撞;偶然发现;偶然碰上【点评】occur 常考的用法。(1)发生 The accident occurred at five yesterday.(2)存在,生存 Such plants do not ocurr here.18 (3)想起,想到 Sth occurred to sb.A good idea occurred to me.我突然想起一个好主意。It(suddenly)occurred to him it occurred to sb.that句子(某人突然想到),it 为形式主语,that 从句为真正的主语。如:It occurred to me that he was jealous.我突然发现他爱嫉妒 42、Were you surprised by the ending of the film?-No.I _the book,so I already knew the story.Awas readingBam readingChave readDhad read 答案:D 解析:试题分析:考查时态,由前面的句子可以知道是过去时,由后面的句子 I already knew the story 可以知道书已经开始看完了,所以用过去完成时,句子意思“我已经读过书,因此我知道这个故事”,所以选 D 考点:考查时态 点评:做时态题时,首先看时间状语,由时间状语来确定句子的时态;如果没有时间状语,可以根据隐含的意思来确定句子时态 43、I _ to go on a diet,but the dishes at the party were simply impossible to resist.Ahad intendedBam intendingCintendDcould intend 答案:A 解析:考查时态。句意:我本打算要节食了,但是在聚会上的美味菜肴简直是难以抗拒的。had intended to do sth“本打算做却没做。故选 A。44、The lady insisted that the young
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