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必修一 Unit 1
重点短语
l add up: 合计,把…加起来
add up to: 总计达,合计达
add … to…:把…加到…中/上
add to:增加,增添
l be upset about/at…:为…心烦/不安
l calm (…) down:(使)平静下来;
(使)镇定下来
keep/stay/remain calm: 保持镇静
l have got to = have to 不得不;必须
否定式为:haven’t got to和 don’t have to
l be concerned about/for…:关心/挂念/担心…
be concerned in/with…:与…有关
as far as sb be concerned:就…而言
show/express one’s concern about/for
对…表示关心/担心
l walk the dog:遛狗
l go through:经历;(法律等)通过;
仔细检查;浏览
go about (doing) sth. 开始着手(做)某事
go against:违背;对…不利
go on with sth.:继续
go over:检查,审查;复习,重温
go without:没有…也行
go ahead:进行;继续下去;干吧;说吧
go after:追赶;追求 go up:上涨,上升
go in for:参加(比赛/考试);爱好…
go wrong/mad/bad:出毛病/疯了/坏掉
l set down:写下,记下,登记;放下,制定
set up:建立,成立
set out:(to do)开始着手某事;动身,出发;清楚而详细的解释或描绘
set about (doing)sth.:开始着手(做)某事
set aside:留出;拨出(时间,金钱等),把…置于一边
set off:动身,出发;使爆炸;引起
set free:释放,使获自由
l a series of: 一连串的,一系列;一套
l on purpose = by design:故意
for/with the purpose of:为了…;以…为目的
l in order to do / in oder that+从句: 为了
so as to do / so that :为了(不用于句首)
否定式为:in order not to; so as not to
l at dusk:在黄昏时刻 at dawn: 在黎明时分
l come to power:当权,上台
power failure:停电 power off:断电
l face to face:面对面地
shoulder to shoulder:并肩
heart to heart:坦诚地
hand in hand:手拉手
arm in arm:手挽手
l no longer/not …any longer:不再…
no more/not … any more:不再…
l settle down:定居下来;(使)安静下来
settle in/into sth.习惯于(新居),适应(新工作、环境等)
l suffer+pain/loss/defeat/poverty/hunger/punishment/hardship/damage:遭受痛苦/损失/失败/贫穷/饥饿/惩罚/苦难/破坏
suffer from:患病;受…折磨,受…之苦
l recover from:从…中复原/恢复
l get/be tired of:对…厌烦
get/be tired from/with:因…而疲惫
l pack (sth) up:将(东西)装箱打包
l get along/on (well) with:与…相处;进展
get…across:把…讲清楚,(使)被理解
get away from:逃脱,离开
get away with:做(坏事)未受惩罚
get around/round:克服,回避(困难);
说服某人做某事;
get down to doing sth.:开始着手做…
get into:(使)陷入;习惯于
get over:克服;从(疾病、失望、震惊等)中恢复过来
get rid of:消灭,摆脱,除掉
get through(电话)接通;完成;通过(考试,关卡等)
get together:聚会,联欢
l fall in love (with):相爱;爱上 (强调动作)
be in love (with):相爱;爱上 (强调状态)
l not exactly:根本不,一点也不;不完全
not necessarily:不一定,未必
l disagree with sb on/about sth.:与某人在某事上意见不同
disagree with (doing) sth.:不赞成,反对
l join:指加入党派、组织、团体,成为其中一员
join in:指参加一些大规模活动,如球赛、游戏等
join sb. in doing sth.:和某人一起做某事
take part in:指参加群众性活动、会议等并在发挥作用
attend:多指参加大型的集会活动,如会议、婚礼、典礼、报告、上学、上课等,且还有“照顾、照料”之意
l get/ have sth. done:让别人做某事
get sb. to do sth.或have sb. do sth.:让某人做某事
get/have sb./sth. doing:让某人一直做某事
have sth. to do:有某事要做
重点句型:
1. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.
遛狗时,你太粗心,结果狗跑掉被车撞了。
2. You will tell him/her that he/she should have studied, so you don’t let him/her look at your paper.
你会告诉他/她过去应该认真学习,因此你不会给他/她看你的试卷。
3. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
点拨:这是一个复杂的主从复合句。if引导一个宾语从句作动词wonder的宾语。在宾语从句中,it is...that是强调句,强调because引导的原因状语从句。原因状语从句被强调,只能用because来引导,不能用since,as或for。
(1) 强调句型的结构为:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分。强调人可用who/that作连词,强调事物用that。所强调的可以是单词、短语,也可以是从句,但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语或状语。但不能是定语或谓语。
(2)如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词,表示“到底”“究竟”等语气时,就用此结构。
(3) 强调句型的判断方法:将(It is/was)...(that/who)...括号中的词同时去掉,看剩下的部分是否仍然完整,若完整,则是强调句型,若不完整,则不是。
(4) 强调主语时,that或who后面的谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
It’s I who am to be punished for doing that.
是我应该为做那件事受到惩罚。
It was him that/who/whom we met at the school gate. (强调宾语) 我们在学校门口遇到的是他。
It was in the park that Tom lost his watch. (强调状语)
汤姆就是在这个公园里丢的手表。
4. It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.
这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。
5. Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.
妈妈问她穿这么多衣服是不是很热。
6. She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. (教材P2)
她和她的家人躲藏了两年多之后才被发现。
句式点拨:before they were discovered是复合句中的时间状语从句,直译成汉语是“在他们被发现前”,可意译为“过了一段时间后才……”。
before作为连词引导时间状语从句,用以表示从句动作发生之前的时间,译法灵活。常见的有:
(1) 表示“在……之前就……”。
Mary had finished her homework before her mother returned. 玛丽在她妈妈回来之前就完成作业了。
(2) 表示“过了多久后才…,动作进行到什么程度才…”。
They worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal.
他们不分昼夜地工作了三天,才使得一切恢复正常。
(3) 表示“来不及,尚未……就……”,强调从句动作发生在主句之前的时间。这时常与情态动词can/could连用。
She was angry before I could explain to her.
我还没来得及向她解释她就生气了。
(4) It+be+否定形式+long+before...,意为“……不久就……”。 It was not long before he told me about it.
不久他就告诉了我这件事情。
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