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选修6 Unit 3 A heal thy life
要 点 梳 理
高效梳理·知识备考
●重点单词
1．abuse n. & vt.滥用；虐待
2．stress n．压力；重音 vt.加压力于；使紧张→stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的→stressed adj.焦虑不安的
3．adolescent n．青少年 adj.青春期的→adolescence n．青春期
4．ban vt.禁止；取缔 n．禁令；谴责
5．due adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的
6．addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的→addict n．有瘾的人→addiction n．沉溺；嗜好
7．accustom vt.使习惯于→accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的
8．automatic adj.无意识的；自动的→_automatically adv.无意识地；自动地
9．mental adj.精神的；智力的→mentally adv.精神上；智力上
10．quit vt.停止(做某事)；离开
11．effect n．结果；效力
12．strengthen vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强→strength n．力气→strong adj.强壮的
13．desperate adj.绝望的；拼命的
14．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappoint vt.使失望；使扫兴→disappointment n．失望
15．ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n．羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的，厚颜的
16．judgement n．看法；判决；判断→judge v．判断
17．embarrassed adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的→embarrass v．(使)尴尬→embarrassment尴尬
18．awkward adj.局促不定的；笨拙的
●重点短语
1．due to 由于……
2．addicted to 对……有瘾
3．accustomed to 习惯于……
4．decide on 对……作出决定
5．feel like(doing) 想要(做)……
6．in spite of 不顾；不管
7．take risks(a risk) 冒险
8．get into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)
9．at risk 处境危险；遭受危险
10．have an effect on 对……有影响
●重点句型
1．Why do you think some adolescents start smoking? 你认为有些青少年为什么会开始吸烟？
2．I knew it was time to quit smoking. 我知道该戒烟了。
3．I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我真希望你能那样做，因为我盼着你也能像我一样长寿健康。
4．Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a nonsmoker.每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己；你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。
5．It is no good crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。
6．It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.
只有当这种病毒发展成艾滋病时，人才会显出病态。
●高考范文
人们完成工作的方式通常有两种：独立完成与合作完成。两种方式各有特点。请你以 Working Individually or Working in a Team为题，按照以下要点写一篇英语短文：
1．独立完成：自行安排、自己解决问题
2．合作完成：一起讨论、相互学习
3．我喜欢的方式及理由
注意：词数100～120，文章的题目和开头已给出(不计入总词数)。
Working Individually or Working in a Team
There are basically two ways to get work done. ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
[范文]
Working Individually or Working in a Team
There_are_basically_two_ways_to_get_work_done. One is to work individually. In this way, people can decide for themselves when to start work and how to do it. What's more, they will be able to learn how to solve problems on their own.
People may also choose to work in a team, where they can learn from each other and help each other. Besides, they may work out better ways to get work done by discussion.
Personally, I prefer to work in a team, which offers me a chance to learn how to get along with others and to share my experiences with them. As the work can be divided among several people, it can be done efficiently. Teamwork is always important.
考 点 探 究
互动探究·能力备考
Ⅰ.词汇短语过关
1．abuse vt. & n．滥用；虐待
[即学即练1](1)Don’t ______ ______ __________.
不要滥用你的特权。
(2)The farmer often ______ ______ ______.
这位农夫经常虐待他的妻子。
abuse
your
privilege
abused
his
wife
(3)You shouldn’t ________ ______ ______.
你不应该过度使用你的眼睛。
(4)I don’t understand why I should put up with this kind of ______ ______ ______.
我不明白我为什么要忍受她这样辱骂我。
abuse
your
eyes
abuse
from
her
2．stress n. 重压，压力；逼迫，重音；重点；着重；强调 vt. 着重；强调
stressful adj. 紧张的，压力重的
stressed adj. 焦虑的，紧张的，无法放松的
a stressful job/situation/lifestyle
繁重的工作/艰难的处境/紧张的生活方式
stress that.../sth. 强调……
in the stress of the moment 一时紧张
time of stress 危难之际，非常时期
lay/place/put stress on... 把重点放在……上
under the stress of... 为……所迫
[即学即练2](1)________ and rhythm are important in speaking English.说英语时重音和节奏都很重要。
(2)We must ______ _________ ______ self reliance.
我们必须强调自力更生。
Stress
lay
stress
on
(3)The English curriculum should _________ both composition and reading.英语课程对写作和阅读应同样重视。
(4)Worrying over his job and his wife‘s health ______ him ______ ______ ______ ________.忧虑自己的工作及妻子的健康问题使他处于极大的压力之下。
stress
put
under
a
great
stress
3．due adj. 预期发生的，预期到达的，应付的，到期的
be due to do sth. 预期做某事
be due to sth./doing sth./sb. 归因于某事/归因于
做某事/欠某人……
be due for sth. 应有；应得到
[即学即练3](1)One‘s success ______ largely ______ ______ his efforts.
一个人的成功在很大程度上是由于他的努力。
(2)The book ______ ______ ______ be published in October.这本书预定十月出版。
(3)Have they been paid the money ______ ______ ______？
他们是否已得到了应得的钱？
is
due
to
is
due
to
due
to
them
提示：(1)due 当“预定的；预期的”讲时，构成 be due to 短语，其中 to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。
(2)due 当“应得的；应付的”讲时，构成 be due to sb.短语，其中 to为介词，后接名词或动名词。
(3)due to 当“因为；由于”讲时，to为介词，与其意义相同的短语为：
because of 因为
owing to 由于，因为
on account of 由于……
as a result of 由于……
thanks to 多亏，幸亏
as a consequence of 由于……
①Owing to his poor health, his visit to Japan was put off. 由于身体不好，他去日本的访问被推迟了。
②He was sent to a nursing home on account of age.
他因年迈而被送进了福利院。
③Thanks to a good teacher, he passed the test.
多亏了一位好老师，他考试及格了。
4．accustom vt. 使习惯于，使适应
accustomed adj. 通常的，习惯的
be accustomed (used) to (doing) sth.习惯于(表状态)
become/get accustomed (＝used) to (doing) sth.
习惯于(表动作)
accustom oneself/sb. to (doing) sth.
使自己/某人习惯于……
[即学即练4](1)Painting barns red is an _________ practice.
仓房刷成红色是一种习俗。
(2)He has ______ _________ ______ the way the teacher gives lectures. 他已经习惯了那个老师的讲课方式。
(3)You must __________ __________ ______ the new environment.你必须使自己适应新环境。
accustomed
become
accustomed
to
accustom
yourself
to
5．quit vt.&vi. 停止(做某事)；离开；戒掉
adj. 摆脱(难题等)的
quit doing sth. 放弃干某事，停止干某事
quit office/school 离职/退学
be quit of sb./sth. 摆脱……
[即学即练5](1)I ______ _________ years ago.
我几年前就戒酒了。
(2)I made up my mind ______ ______.我已决定辞职了。
(3)He was glad to ______ ______ ______ the troublesome job.他很高兴能摆脱那个麻烦的工作。
quit
drinking
to
quit
be
quit
of
6．effect n．结果；效力
effective adj.有效的；醒目的
have an effect on影响
put/bring sth. into effect实施，实行，使生效
come into effect/take effect(法律、规则或制度)生效；实施
in effect实际上
[即学即练6](1)Inflation is _________ ______ _________ ______ ______ the economy.
通货膨胀正在给经济带来灾难性的影响。
(2)It won’t be easy to ______ the changes ______ ______.把这些变化落到实处不是件容易的事。
(3)The new tax rates ______ ______ ______ from April.
新的税率从四月起生效。
having
a
disastrous
effect
on
put
into
effect
come
into
effect
7．ashamed adj. 感到惭愧羞耻的(表语形容词)
shame n. 羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事
shameful adj. 可耻的，不体面的
be ashamed of (doing) sth. 因(做了)某事而感到羞愧
be ashamed to do sth. 耻于……的；因难为情而不愿做某事
feel ashamed for sb. 替某人感到羞愧……
be ashamed that... 感到羞愧的是……
[即学即练7](1)She ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ in the examination.
她因考试不及格而感到羞愧。
(2)She ______ ______ ______ ______ anyone that she had fallen in love with him.
她羞于告诉任何人自己爱上了他。
(3)He ______ ___________ ______ his shameful conduct.
他为自己可耻的行为感到羞愧。
was
ashamed
of
having
failed
was
ashamed
to
tell
is
ashamed
of
8．in spite of 尽管，虽然，不管，不顾
in spite of＋n.＝despite (prep.)＋n.＝regardless of＋n.
in spite of the fact that...(同位语从句)＝(al) though＋从句
[即学即练8](1)We went out ______ ______ ______ the rain.尽管下着雨，我们还是出去了。
(2)Kelly loved her husband ______ ______ ______ the fact that he drank too much.
虽然丈夫喝酒很凶，但凯莉仍然爱着他。
in
spite
of
in
spite
of
9．take risks/a risk冒险
run (take) a risk/risks 冒险
run (take) the risk of doing sth. 冒着……的风险/危险
at risk (＝in danger)处于危险中
at the risk of doing sth. 可能导致(不快等)，冒……危险
at all risks 无论冒……危险
risk one's health/life 以健康做赌注/冒着生命危险
risk doing 冒险做……
[即学即练9](1)You are ________ ______ ______ ______ in trusting him.信任他无异于冒险。
(2)He decided to get there even ______ ______ ______ ______ his life.他决定去那里，即使有生命危险。
(3)They ________ _________ everything.
他们冒着失去一切的风险。
taking
a
big
risk
at
the
risk
of
risked
losing
(4)Any man who smokes cigarettes is _________ ______ ______. 吸烟的人是拿健康去冒险。
risking
his
health
10．get into 陷入；染上(习惯)；开始对……感兴趣
get into trouble 陷入麻烦
get into the habit of... 染上……的习惯
get into panic 陷入恐慌
get (sth.) across (to sb.) (使某事为人)理解
get along/on with 进展；相处
ge away (from) 脱离……
get back 回来；返回
get around/about 四处走动
get over 克服；解决；控制
get through 接通；完成
[即学即练10](1)How did you ______ ______ ______？
你是怎么染上毒品的？
(2)I haven‘t really ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ yet.我还未真正熟悉我的新工作。
(3)I ______ ______ _____________ with an Italian student.
我与一位意大利学生谈了起来。
get
into
drugs
got
into
my
new
job
got
into
conversation
Ⅱ.重点句型详解
1．Why do_you_think some adolescents start smoking?
你认为有些青少年为什么会开始吸烟？
do you think 在句中做插入语。这种句式也可叫做双重疑问句。其构成有两种情况：
(1)做主语的疑问词＋do you think/suppose/believe/imagine/say/suggest＋谓语部分？
(2)非主语的疑问词＋do you think/suppose/believe/imagine/say/suggest＋主语＋谓语部分？
①Which film do you think will win the Golden Lion of the 66th Venice International Film Festival？你认为哪一部电影会赢得66届威尼斯国际电影节金狮奖？
②When do you suggest we hold a meeting to talk about the problem？你建议我们什么时候举行会议谈论这个问题？
③Who do you suppose we shall ask to attend our party?
你想我们会邀请谁来参加我们的宴会？
④Why do you think she didn‘t agree with our suggestions？你认为她为什么不同意我们的主意？
提示：(1)如果插入语是 do you suggest 时，句中的谓语要用 should＋do或省略 should。
(2)do you know 不能作为插入语。如：
Do you know which team will win?
你认为哪个队会赢呢？
[即境活用1] —I haven't heard from John for a long time.
—What do you suppose ______ to him?
A．was happening B．to happen
C．has happened D．had happened
解析：句中 do you suppose 是插入语，句子主干为 What has happened to him?
答案：C
2．I knew it_was_time_to quit smoking.
我知道我该戒烟了。
It's time to do... 到了干……的时间了。
It's time for sth. 到了……的时间了。
It's time (for sb.) to do sth. 到了某人干……的时间了。
It's (high/about) time＋that 从句 到了某人干……的时间了。
It/This is the first/second...time that...
这是第一/二……次……
①It‘s time for lunch/to have lunch.
到吃午饭的时间了。
②It’s time that the kids were/should be in bed.
到了孩子们睡觉的时间了。
③This is the first time that I have been to the Great Wall. 这是我第一次参观长城。
提示：“It‘s (high/about) time＋that 从句”中，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或 “should＋动词原形”，且 should不能省略。
“It/This is the first/second...time＋that从句”中，从句的谓语动词要用完成时态，当句型为 It is the first time that时，从句谓语动词用现在完成时，当句型为 It was the first time that 时，从句谓语动词用过去完成时态。
[即境活用2] It is high time that we ______ action. Otherwise we ______ late.
A．take; will be B．take; are
C．took; will be D．took; would be
解析：本题考查虚拟语气。It is high time that... 结构中从句常用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用一般过去时或 “should＋动词原形”。另外，otherwise 代替了 if虚拟条件句，根据句意，其后的句子应用表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。
答案：D
易 错 点 拨
自我完善·误区备考
1. effect/affect
2. (1)effect作“影响”讲是名词；用做动词意为“产生，引起”(＝produce)。
3. (2)affect作“影响”讲是及物动词(＝have an effect on)。
[应用1] (1)The amount of rain _________ the growth of crops.
雨量影响作物的生长。
(2)The war _________ changes all over the world.
战争使世界各地发生了变化。
affects
effected
2. in spite of/despite/although/though
(1)in spite of与despite同义，常可换用。in spite of为普通用语，dispite多用于书面语言，despite不与of连用。
(2)although/though也是“尽管；不管；不顾”的意思，但用做从属连词，后面接让步状语从句。in spite of/despite＋n.＝although＋从句。
[应用2] (1)We went out _________ it was raining.
(2)We went out _________ the rain.
尽管在下雨，我们还是出去了。
although
despite
高 效 作 业
自我测评·技能备考
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．In our city, the shops were not allowed to sell c_______ to students.
2．There are no lengths to which an a__________ person will not go to obtain his drug.
3．I'm a___________ to say I haven't been to church for three years.
4．His increasing financial difficulties forced him to take d____________ measures.
cigarettes
addicted
ashamed
desperate
5．Nowadays many supermarket doors can shut
a___________________.
6．You’ve put me in an _________(令人尴尬的) position.
7．You will soon get __________ (习惯) to the climate here.
8．He got his present job when he ______ (离开) the army.
9．The road looks beautiful covered by golden pine ______(松针)．
10．Her position in the party has ______________(加强) in recent weeks.
automatically
awkward
accustomed
quitted
needles
strengthened
Ⅱ .单项选择
1．－David, it’s Frank. Do you have a few minutes? I need to see you.
－______. But I hope “a few minutes” don’t turn into an hour.
A．I’m afraid not B．It doesn’t matter
C．I don’t think so D．I guess so
答案：D
解析：I guess so表示答应。
2．Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people______smoking.
A．quit B．decline
C．depart D．reserve
答案：A
解析：句意为“医生们正在研究，目的是找出当人停止抽烟时身体将发生什么变化”。quit在这里作“停止”讲；decline “下降，减少”；depart “出发，动身，离开”；reserve 保留，储存。
3．She felt ______ of doing that and tears ran down her cheeks.
A．shame B．ashamed
C．sorry D．shameful
答案：B
解析：句意为：她为做了那事而感到羞愧……
4．When I was very young I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon ______ it.
A．got off B．got away
C．got across D．got over
答案：D
解析：句意为“我小的时候害怕上学，但是不久就克服了”。get over 克服；get off 下车；get away 摆脱；get across (使……为人)理解。
5．In Xi'an, although there is a good public transport system, ______ private car is still becoming ______ popular means of transportation.
A．/; the B．the; a
C．the; the D．a; /
答案：B
解析：考查冠词。第一空，定冠词用在单数名词前面表示类别，即“私家车”；第二空用不定冠词，泛指“一种受欢迎的交通方式”。
6．Hearing that most of the members voted against her, she ______ a smile.
A．wore B．managed
C．performed D．controlled
答案：B
解析：wear a smile 表示“脸上挂着微笑”，perform，control 均不合题意。manage a smile 表示“勉强挤出一丝微笑”。
7．______to computer games, the boy has lost all interest in his lessons.
A．Addicted B．Having addicted
C．Addicting D．Addict
答案：A
解析：be addicted to “沉迷于……”，句中过去分词短语做状语。
8．Accustomed to ______ in the countryside, he found it hard to live in the city.
A．living B．live
C．having lived D．have lived
答案：A
解析：be accustomed to doing sth.＝be used to doing sth. 习惯于……
9．Since our country has so many good table tennis players, we have to ______ the best ones to take part in the game.
A．rely on B．depend on
C．judge on D．decide on
答案：D
解析：decide on 相当于 determine on “对……作出决定”。rely on＝depend on “依赖，依靠”，无 judge on 短语。
10．Cooperation or teamwork, the importance of which is often ______， plays an important part in football matches.
A．stressed B．think of
C．paid much attention D．talked
答案：A
解析：stress the importance of... 意为“强调……的重要性”，只不过题中用其被动结构而已。C、D项分别缺 prep. to, about, B项为 be动词直接与动词原形连用之误。
11．He got well prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk ______ the good opportunity.
A．to lose B．losing
C．to be lost D．being lost
答案：B
解析：risk doing sth. “冒险做某事”。该句意为：他为面试作好了充分准备，因为他不能冒失去好机会的危险。
12．The great success of this program has been largely ______ the support given by the 10 local businessmen.
A．instead of B．thanks to
C．due to D．as a consequence
答案：C
解析：thanks to 一般单独引导状语，只有 due to可与 be连用表示“由于”。
13．______ has recently been done to provide more English books for the students, a shortage of reading materials remains a serious problem.
A．What B．Though what
C．In spite of what D．That
答案：C
解析：in spite of意为“尽管”。句意：尽管我们最近所做的就是给学生们提供更多的英语书，但是阅读材料的缺乏还是一个严重问题。
14．—This is the first time I ______ pictures with my own camera.
—It's time that you ______ a picture of me.
A．took; took B．have taken; took
C．took; will take D．will take; have taken
答案：B
解析：考查 This is the first time...和 It‘s time...句式。
15．___
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