七年级下册生物耳复习过程.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,第一节 人体对外界环境的感知,耳和听觉,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,1、假如人失去听觉，这四个场面会出现什么情况？,2、平时我们看到的是耳的全部结构吗？你认为是哪一部分？,3、你认为耳的哪些结构受到损伤，有可能导致耳聋？,4、你有哪些做法不符合耳的卫生保健？,学会合作学习,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,一、耳朵的结构和功能,耳的结构,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,耳的基本结构和功能,耳,耳郭,外耳道,鼓膜,听小骨,鼓室,前庭,半规管,耳蜗,外耳,中,耳,内,耳,收集声波,传导声波,产生振动,感受头部位置变动的情况，与维持身体平衡有关,将声音传导到听神经,传导振动,位觉感受器,听觉感受器,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,半规管和前庭,耳蜗,外耳道,鼓膜,耳郭,传导声波的通道,听觉感受器,位觉感受器,将声波转变成振动,收集声波,连一连,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,二、听 觉 的 形 成,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,听神经,听 觉 的 形 成过程,外 界声 波,外耳道,鼓 膜,听小骨,耳 蜗,大脑皮层听觉中枢,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,说一说：遇到下列情况，会对听力造成什么影响？我们应该怎么办？,遇到巨大声响时,耳道内耵聍（耳垢）较多时,鼻咽部有炎症时,三、用耳卫生,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,遇到巨大声响时,要迅速张口，使咽鼓管张开；,或闭嘴、堵耳，使鼓膜内外的气压保持平衡，以免震破鼓膜。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,耳道内耵聍（耳垢）较多时,不要使用尖锐的器具挖耳朵，以免戳伤外耳道和鼓膜。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,鼻咽部有炎症时,鼻咽部的病菌可能通过咽鼓管进入中耳，因此，,要及时就诊，以免引起中耳炎。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,人体的其他感觉器官,鼻嗅觉,鼻、舌和皮肤,舌味觉（酸、甜、苦、咸）,皮肤触觉（冷、热、痛、触、压等）,知识延伸：,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,鼻腔内,有,嗅觉细胞,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,舌的表面,有,味觉细胞,味 蕾,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,皮 肤,感 受,冷,与,热,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,盲 文 公 交 车 站（触觉）,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,B,A,比一比,1、下列各项中，不属于内耳结构的是,（）,A、半规管 B、前庭 C、鼓膜 D、耳蜗,2.在飞机起飞或降落时，应将口微微张开，其目的是(),.使鼓膜内外的气压平衡，避免鼓膜受损伤,.减缓紧张情绪,.避免呕吐,.进行深呼吸，以适应气压变化,3.听觉形成过程中感受刺激产生兴奋的结构是（）,耳蜗 鼓膜 听觉中枢 半规管,A,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,三、如图是人的耳和脑的示意图，请据图分析回答,A,B,C,D,E,F,1.上课铃响了，同学们听到铃声陆续走到教室。请用图中字母及箭头写出听觉形成过程的途径：,_,2.在听觉形成过程中，听觉神经传导的神经冲动是在 _产生的,3.一位战士的耳被炮声震聋，损伤部位最可能是 _。,ABCDF,D,耳蜗,B,鼓膜,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,