《短诗五首》PPT[课件整理]教学教材.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2019/3/2,#,作文个性化与学生个性化生活,刘娟提起作文,学生害怕,教师头痛。教师指导得有板有眼,从选题一直到开头结尾,语言车载船装,但学生作文依然是假话连篇,更是干巴巴的,让人沮丧。看到这些习作,仿佛面对着一潭死水,怎么也透视不到学生那朝气蓬勃的影子。我认为这是传统习作教学远离学生生活禁锢学生个性,忽视习作教学人文性使然。因此只有在实践借助“人文性”思想武器,摒弃传统习作教学。,让习作教学成为师生积极的生命互动,让学生“写自己想说的话”,“乐于书面表达,增强习作自信”。才能唤起学生对习作的兴趣。习作生活化教学必须引导学生关注现实生活,紧扣时代脉络,让奇妙的大自然和沸腾的社会生活映入学生的脑海,走进学生的心田,让习作源于生活,反映生活,服务生活,创造生活,并引领学生健康成长。,一、关注学生情感体验,活化生活积累,学生在其感兴趣的方面有了较深的情感体验,在一定情境遇到这方面的话题则情动而辞发,激活了脑丰富的,沉睡着的生活积累,因而“有话可说,有东西可写”,反省我们的传统习作教学伊始,教师便通过各种手段让学生明确哪些材料可用,是最合适的,如何开头,又如何结尾,讲得越透彻,越细致,学生受到的束缚越多。学生情,3,短诗五首,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,名称,作者,月夜,沈尹默,萧红墓畔口占,戴望舒,断章,卞之琳,风雨吟,芦荻,统一,聂鲁达,结合诗歌写作背景，理解诗歌的主旨与情感。,（重点）,分析诗歌的语言，感受诗歌的意境美和画面感。,（难点）,对比阅读这几首诗，理解早期白话新诗的共同特点。,（重点）,月 夜,沈尹默,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,沈尹默,（,18831971,），原名君默。浙江吴兴（今湖州吴兴区）人，诗人、书法家。沈尹默是新文化运动的倡导者之一，也是最早的新诗尝试者之一，但后来长期写作旧体诗词，有多本旧体诗词集问世。主要作品有,秋明室杂诗,秋明长短句,等。,月夜,写于,1917,年，当时正是近代中国历史上最黑暗、最混乱的年代，却也是思想和文化最迸发的时代。也就是在这样的环境下，新诗诞生了。新诗之“新”首先在于其精神和灵魂的新，即思想的现代性。“科学”与“民主”，个体意识的觉醒，思想解放、个性独立遂成为这一时代的普遍追求。,概而言之，国人有了主体意识。我国传统诗歌中，是少见“我”（指独立存在的意识）的，只有在新诗中，,“,我”才大量出现，例如这首,月夜,。因此,月夜,便不仅是新诗诞生的一个标志，也是真正的新文学诞生的标志。,月夜,霜风,呼呼的吹着，,月光明明的照着。,我和一株顶高的树并排立着，,却没有靠着。,突出风的冷凄，给人一种萧索的感受。,叠词,既描绘出霜风寒月的情境，又增添了诗歌的意蕴。,这首小诗描绘了一幅月野图景，请用你自己的语言将这幅月夜图描绘出来。,霜风呼呼地吹着，月光明明地照着。霜风寒月的冬夜里，顶天立地的高树与独立不倚的“我”并排站立着，充满了美的意蕴。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,霜风,呼呼的吹着，月光明明的照着。,试着简要分析这一句诗的写法和作用。,写出了,环境的萧森,及,人物的孤独,，正好反映了“五四”运动之前的一个社会侧面,半封建半殖民地中国的某种社会相。,环境描写,我和一株顶高的树并排立着，,却没有靠着。,以霜风、明月、挺立的高树三种景物，烘托与高树并立的“我”，突出“我”独立不倚。,烘托,我和一株顶高的树并排立着，,却没有靠着。,如何理解这一句所体现的精神？,写出,在严寒下不妥协，在孤独中不退缩,，这正显示出“五四”时期一代青年知识分子开始觉醒，追求人格独立，追求思想自由和个性解放。,月夜,是一首很隐晦的诗，看似是纪实，简单地描写记录当时的某种场景，但这又何尝不是对当时社会环境的描写？请你结合这首诗的写作背景，说说对这首诗的象征意义。,象征意义：,“树”象征着古老的观念，传统、稳健、根基深厚、固执而迂腐。“并排立着”是思想的并立；“没有靠着”是挣脱，是倔强，也是追求独立。“我和一株顶高的树并排立着，却没有靠着”象征着诗人独立不倚的坚强性格和奋斗精神。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,月夜,大树,“我”,独立不倚,意境美,月夜,中，诗人以霜风、明月、挺立的高树三种景物，烘托与高树并立的“我”。霜风寒月中，顶天立地的高树与独立不倚的自我，表现了“五四”时期觉醒的一代知识分子强大的独立自主意识和追求思想自由与个性解放的奋斗精神。,1.,意境清新，含而不露。,在艺术上的突出特点是,意境的创造。四句诗含义很广，没有半个字的,说教；且诗中的主体情绪与客观物象融为一体，,创构出浑整的画面与意境氛围，显得清新质朴，,含而不露。,2.,手法多样，语气委婉。,诗人托物咏志，以霜风、,明月、挺立的高树三种景物，烘托与高树并立的,“我”。而白描手法的运用，更使诗中“我”显,得卓然独立。此外，诗中动词“照”“靠”押韵，,却在每行诗末缀以轻声词尾“着”，使语气委婉，,节奏舒缓自然。,萧红墓畔口占,戴望舒,随口吟成,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,戴望舒,（,19051950,），原名戴梦欧，浙江杭县（今杭州）人，现代诗人、翻译家，有“雨巷诗人”的称号。他是中国现代派象征主义诗人的代表。,代表作有,雨巷,狱中题壁,，诗集,望舒草,望舒诗稿,我的记忆,灾难的岁月,等。,戴望舒与萧红友情深厚。,1940,年,1,月，二人在香港首次晤面，却是一见如故。在太平洋战争爆发之际，萧红生病却得不到正常的治疗，死在极度混乱的香港，年仅,31,岁。这对于当时同样在香港坚持抗日的友人戴望舒来说，自然是一个极大的刺激。这首诗是戴望舒在被日本人抓走放出来后拜谒萧红墓时所作。,萧红墓,畔,口占,走六小时寂,寞,的长途,，,到你头边放一束红山茶,，,我等待着,，,长夜,漫,漫,，,你却卧听着海涛闲话。,1944,年,11,月,20,日,mn,pn,m,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,走六小时寂寞的长途,，,到你头边放一束红山茶,，,既是诗人的,实际感受,，又是诗人长期以来,心境的真实写照,，是诗篇最主要的感情基调。,时间之长,路途之远,这是写实，更隐指诗人与已故者友谊的深厚和祭奠的诚挚。,为什么不说“墓畔”？,蕴藏着诗人痛惜她的早逝，希望她仍然活着。,走六小时寂寞的长途,，,到你头边放一束,红山茶,，,为什么诗人要用红山茶祭奠？,这是诗人对萧红这样一位生前爱花写花的作家最好的告慰，表达了作者由衷的,赞美,、,欣赏,与,缅怀,。,凌寒高洁,冷艳不群,坚忍不屈,执着奔放,花 品,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,我等待着,，,长夜漫漫,，,你却卧听着海涛闲话。,象征,暗指风雨如晦的敌寇统治。,如何理解“,我等待着,”的内涵？,暗指对抗战胜利的期盼，亦可以看作对命运多舛的人生的省察。,我等待着,，,长夜漫漫,，,你,却,卧听着海涛闲话。,通过祭奠友人，表明生者在受着煎熬，在焦急等待，而生者心中的死了的人却是悠闲自在。诗人欲超脱而不得的心境可见一斑。,人天永隔，逝者自有其穿透世事的安详与达观。,萧红墓畔口占,我,时间长,路途远,等待着,你,卧听闲话,对友人的怀念,人生的寂寞之感,情感美,萧红墓畔口占,是一首悼亡诗，表达了对好友盛年而逝的惋惜和悲痛，对亡友真挚的思念与缅怀，对生命之旅深沉的感慨与反思。,断章,卞之琳,bin,卞之琳,（,19102000,），曾用笔名季陵，江苏海门人。诗人、文学评论家、翻译家，新月派代表诗人，“汉园三诗人”之一。他早年诗作大多表现对现实的不满和找不到出路的苦闷，情感抑郁。其诗想象微妙，笔墨简省，较晦涩难懂，抗战爆发后，诗风变得开阔、明朗。主要作品有诗集,鱼目集,慰劳信集,雕虫纪历,，合集,汉园集,等。,断章,你站在桥上看风景,，,看风景人在楼上看你。,明月装饰了你的窗子,，,你装饰了别人的梦。,1935,年,10,月,sh,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,1.,朗读诗歌，分析意象，品味画面美。,（,1,）这首诗虽然只有三十几个字，但是却有很多意象，由这些意象构成了一种朦胧的意境。请你找出来。,八个意象,“站在桥上的你”,“楼上看风景的人”,“桥”,“楼”,“明月”,“窗子”,“别人”,“梦”,（,2,）诗歌的八个意象是相互交叉重叠的，由这些意象组合成了四个美丽而形象的画面。这四个画面之间有什么联系？,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,“你站在桥上看风景”,“看风景人在楼上看你”,画面一,画面二,两个表面看起来互不相关的地址，却因“看风景”这个动作发生了联系。,“明月装饰了你的窗子”,“你装饰了别人的梦”,画面三,画面四,“窗子”和“梦”本是互不相关，却在“装饰”这一点上又发生了联系。,画面感,2.,再读诗歌，理解诗歌的主旨。,（,1,）从诗人描绘的四个相互联系的画面中，你得出什么道理？,人可以看风景，也可以成为别人的风景；明月可以装饰你的窗子，你也可以去装饰别人的梦，人生可以互相装饰。,（,2,）结合你对诗歌的理解，说说这首诗表达了怎样的哲理内涵。,世间万物本来就是相互关联、互相依存的，人与人之间、物与物之间，不论自觉与不自觉，都有可能产生这样或那样的联系。,断章,“看”,“被看”,世间万物,相互依存,断章,以两组具体物象构成的图景中主客位置的转换，隐藏了诗人关于人生、事物、社会等存在的相对关联关系的普遍性哲学思考，表现了诗人从刹那的感觉中升华出的哲理与智慧。,1.,镜头组合，对举互文。,从本诗的内容来看，构成,这首诗的正是日常生活的几个“镜头”，前后两,句主宾语在内涵上相同而在功能上却发生了互换，,使句子的首位相联，加大了语言的密度，增强了,诗画意境效果。,2.,构思独特，意蕴深厚。,在艺术上，这首诗所表现,的主要是抽象而又复杂的观念与意绪，但是诗人,并未进行直接的陈述与抒情，而是通过客观形象,和意象的呈现，将诗意间接地加以表现。诗作有,着突出的画面感与空间感，意境深邃悠远，又有,着西方诗歌的暗示性。,风雨吟,芦荻,芦荻,（,19121994,），原名陈培迪，广东南海人。现代诗人。,30,年代即从事诗歌创作，与人合编,今日诗歌,中国诗坛,诗场,等刊物。主要作品有,桑野,驰驱集,等。,风雨吟,：本诗选自,芦荻诗选,（花城出版社,1986,年版）。可能写于,20,世纪,30,年代后期，那是一个风雨飘摇的年代。作为一个广东诗人，芦荻久居南国，对中国南方的大风大雨十分熟悉。一场暴风雨把整个世界变得天昏地暗。风雨中，诗人平日熟悉的景象发生了巨大的改变。诗人也因此产生了年轻舵手的“忧怀”，写下了,风雨吟,这首短诗。,风雨吟,风从大地卷来,，,雨从大地奔来。,郊原如海,，,房舍如舟。,我有年轻舵手的心,，,在大地风雨的海上。,1941,年,12,月,du,jio,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,风从大地卷来,，,雨从大地奔来。,风之大，呼啸奔腾、摧枯拉朽。,描绘出了“大地”的动荡、不安定和被裹挟着的颇有气势的冲过来的动态。,雨之迅猛，滂沱而下，有一种强大的冲击力。,暴风骤雨席卷大地,郊原如海,，,房舍如舟。,生动形象地展现出风雨之大、之猛，同时也充分展示了诗人内心的飘摇、波动不定甚至是些许的恐惧。,雨中大地景象,比喻,风从大地卷来,，,雨从大地奔来。,郊原如海,，,房舍如舟。,结合写作背景，想一想：这里仅指自然界的风雨吗？还有什么象征意义？“大地”又有什么深层内涵？,“,风”“雨”首先一定是指自然界中的“风”与“雨”，因为诗句中描绘的恰是自然界的狂风骤雨，同时，对于“我”这样一个“年轻”、没有人生阅历与生活经验的“舵手”来说，它们也指“人生”的坎坷与遭遇。联系诗歌写作背景，诗歌创作于上个世纪三十年代，那时中国的“大地”风雨如晦。因此，,“,风雨”这个意象由“自,然界”而“人生”而“社会”“民族”，由实而虚，给读者留下了基于自身阅历，可以解读、想象的空间。诗歌中诗人借助自然界中的风雨，表达了年轻人面对风云诡谲的时代环境与难以预料的未来时，对把握人生方向、确立人生目标具有共通性的茫然。,我有年轻舵手的心,，,在大地风雨的海上。,读第三节，说一说：面对“大地”，“我”是一个怎样的形象？,“年轻舵手”，缺乏出海经验。“年轻舵手的心”既有雄心壮志，又不知道如何把握方向。面对惊涛骇浪很想把握自己的命运，却力不从心，孤立无助，又有些害怕的心理感觉。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,风雨吟,暴风骤雨,郊原如海,房舍如舟,风雨大地,舵手心忧,忧惧不安,前途迷茫,风雨吟,通过写一场有翻天覆地之势的暴风骤雨，隐喻生活发生重大变故，凸显了在这重大变故面前，年轻人辨不清方向，握不稳命运之舟的舵把，表现出忧惧不安，甚至惊慌失措的情形。,风雨吟,诗意深邃。这首诗虽短，但诗意深邃，,“,风雨”这个意象具有丰富的象征意义，由“自然界”而“人生”而“社会”“民族”，将自然的风雨、社会的风雨以及心中的风雨融合在一起，由实而虚，给读者留下了基于自身阅历进行解读、想象的空间。,统一,聂鲁达,聂鲁达,（,19041973,），智利诗人。获,1971,年诺贝尔文学奖。主要作品有,二十首情诗和一支绝望的歌,漫歌,等。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,统一,：本诗选自,聂鲁达抒情诗选,（湖南文艺出版社,1992,年版）。陈实译。写于,20,世纪,70,年代后期，是聂鲁达晚年的作品。原收录在诗集,世界末日,中。当时，诗人已认识到原子能时代的危险，该诗集的主题均为“启示”。,统一,所有的叶是这一片,，,所有的花是这一朵,，,繁多是个谎言。,因为一切果实并无差异,，,所有树木无非一棵,，,整片大地是一朵花。,1.,如何理解“所有的叶是这一片，所有的花是这,一朵”？,叶、花，无论姿态、形状如何，都称其为叶、花。这是作者历经生活磨难之后的感悟，由此引出下文的感悟。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,2.,怎样理解“繁多是个谎言”？,诗人之所以这样说，是因为在诗人的眼中，所有的叶和花，本质是一样的。不同姿态、颜色的叶和花，都是一样的。进一步引申，告诉我们,做事做人要纯粹，只要看清事物本质，就能不受外界纷繁事物的迷惑,。（可从多角度解读本诗所蕴含的哲理）,3.,阅读聂鲁达的,统一,你能读出怎样的诗意？,结合原诗分析一下吧。,我读出的是诗人宽广的胸怀。结合诗人所处的时代背景，当时世界争取和平的斗争如火如荼。诗人以自然界中叶、花和树来喻人类，表达自己期盼和平、平等的美好愿望。,我读出的是要透过现象看本质。叶、花、果，千姿百态，然而诗人却透过现象，认识到无论姿态如何，形状怎样，它们都是叶、花、果，从实质上并无二致。透过现象看本质，可以化繁为简，更好地认识世界。,4.,有人说：“因为所有的叶都是这一片叶，所以认,识了这一片叶也就能对所有的叶有所认识。”你,认同这个观点吗？说说你的看法。,我认同这个观点，因为所有的叶都有着叶的共同本质，将零散的事物化繁多为统一，通过事物现象归结出事物的本质，从而达到对事物更清晰的认识，这也是人类本身就存在的认知规律。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,统一,所有的叶、花、果无差异,透过繁多的现象看见单一的本质,大地是一朵花,统一,一诗，诗人通过对自然世界的认知：所有的叶、花、果都是一样的，隐喻这个世界上所有的人也是一样的，表达了诗人致力于人类平等、世界和平统一的理想和信念。,借物说理。诗歌以自然界中的叶、花和果没有差异为喻，说明人类世界也应平等统一的道理，借物说理，诗意表达得委婉含蓄，富有意蕴和哲理，耐人寻味。,对比阅读,对比阅读这五首短诗，举例说说新诗的“新”指的是哪些方面。,形式上：,不拘平仄，不拘长短，没有字数规定；在韵律上，押韵比较松散，没有严格规定，但是一般还是遵循一定的韵脚，如,风雨吟,中的“来”“海”。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成