高一英语M1U4学案.doc

Unit 4 Earthquakes

Period 1 Warming-up
(一) 学习要点（目标）
（1） 了解有关地震的知识
（2） 掌握imagine,happen to 的用法
（二) 学习重点与难点
一． 词组与句型
二． 难点拓展:happen to的用法；
1. There is/ was/ has been/ have been/ must be/ can be/ will be/ is going to be/used to be
eg:There used to be a temple here.
2. imagine (sb/sb's) sth/ doing sth
imagine sb/sth to be
imagine that
eg:I can't imagine my marrying a girl of that sort.

3.happen vi.发生，不能用于被动语态
(1)happen to+n. 发生于......身上
eg:She hoped nothing bad would happen to him.
(2) happen to do 碰巧做...偶然做...
eg:I happened to be there when the fire started.
(3) It happens/happened that 碰巧
eg:It happened that the famous actor was her brother.
(三) 阅读任务
1. Page 25:Warming up 2.Page 62:Talking
(四)自我测评：1）《点对点》P48 I,II 2)《精英英语-阅读完形周练测》P17-18
Period 2 Pre-reading Reading&Comprehending
(一) 学习要点(目标)
(1)了解唐山大地震的相关常识。 (2)掌握right away,rise,burst,in ruins,at an end的用法。
（二） 学习重点与难点
一． 词组与句型
right away 立即，马上 look for 寻找 think little of轻视，小看 as usual 像往常一样 as if仿佛，好像 at an end结束，终结 in ruins严重受损；破败不堪 blow away吹走 instead of代替；而不是 dig out掘出；发现 to the north of在。。。。。。的北部 put down 写下，记下；放下；镇压
1. right away ,straight away , at once立即,马上
2. rise(rose,risen) vi.&n. 上升，上涨；站起来；增加；提高；升高；起床
3. eg:Prices have been rising steadily during the past decade.过去的十年间物价一直在稳步上涨。
The injured man couldn't rise by himself.
辨析：rise , raise
rise 是不及物动词，不能带宾语，也不能用语被动语态．一般表示事物本身自然地由低处升至高处或表示站立，起床等．
　raise vt. 提高；举起；种植；饲养（raise pigs ） ；赡养（raise a family） ；筹集（raise money）
raise the living standard of the people 提高人民的生活水平
4. too...to... 太．．．．．．而不能．．．．．．
eg: This sentence is too difficult for me to translate.
too...to...在下列情况下表示肯定意义
(1) too之后常接表示主语的态度，情感，心情或倾向的词，如glad,happy,pleased,eager,anxious
eg:We were too eager to know the result of the exam.我们急于想知道考试结果。
(2)如果在too...to...结构中含有not ,never 等否定词时，则表示肯定
eg:English isn't too difficult to learn.
(3) 与cannot 连用时，常表示＂越．．．．．．越好，再．．．．．．也不为过＂
eg:You cannot be too careful to cross the street.你过马路的时候越小心越好。
4.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.
此处是现在分词短语作伴随状语。现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
My mother was in the kitchen cooking a meal.
He lay on the grass looking at the sky.
He dug out a box of money feeling very excited.
5.burst vi.(burst,burst)使爆炸；破裂；爆发
burst into/out 突然迸发
burst into tears/cheers
burst out doing
eg:She burst into laughter.= She burst out laughing.她突然大笑起来。
6.think little/nothing of 轻视，小看
think highly/well of 对.......评价高
think much/a lot/ a great deal of
think badly/ill of 对......评价糟
be highly/well thought of
7.shake vt.&vi.（shook , shaken）使摇动；震动；震惊,动摇
eg:The girl shook with fear.女孩吓得发抖。
What he did shook his parents.他所做的事震惊了他的父母。
shake hands with sb 同某人握手
shake one's head 摇头
8.It seemed/seems as if...看起来仿佛，好象
as if常用在look, seem, feel, sound 等系动词后引导表语从句，从句中的语气可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。如果as if/though引导的表语从句或方式状语从句与事实相反，从句要用虚拟语气。即动词若是be的形式，要用were；与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时态；与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时态；与将来事实相反，从句用would/could/might+动词原形 但如果从句说的是客观事实，也可不用虚拟语气。
eg:It seems as if the meeting never ended.看起来会议没完没了。
He kept working as if nothing had happened.他继续工作，仿佛什么都没有发生似的。
She looks as if she were ten years younger.
It looks as if it isn't clean enough to swim here.看起来这的水好象不干净，不宜游泳。
9.at an end 终结；结束
eg:The war was at an end.
Our food will be at an end.我们的食物快用完了。
at the end of 在...尽头，在...结尾 by the end of 到...结束时(接完成时态)
in the end 最后，终于 come to an end 结束 end up with 以...结束，强调方式
end in（prison/failure） 最终...，强调结果(通常是不好的结果)
10.one-third三分之一 two-thirds 三分之二 two-sevenths 七分之二
分数、百分数作主语，谓语动词要根据分数、百分数代表的量是可数名词还是不可数名词而定。 eg:90% of its homes were gone.
50% of the students in our class are girls.
Two-thirds of the earth surface is covered with water.
11.lie lay lain 躺；位于 (lying)
lie lied lied 撒谎
lay laid laid (laying)放置；搁置；产卵，下蛋
Eg:He lied to his mother that he had laid the book on the table.But it lay beneath the table.
12.in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 eg:This earthquake left the whole town in ruins.
ruin n.废墟；毁灭 vt. 毁灭；使破产
eg:We saw the ruins of the church.
The storm ruined the crops.
破坏辨析：damage, ruin, destroy
damage, destroy 和 ruin 这三个单词均表示“破坏”、“损坏”的意思，但各自的含义和用法不同。
damage指部分“损失；损害”或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词，也可以用作名词，用作名词时常与to something 连用。例如：Hundreds of houses in the area were damaged by the storm.
The flood did a lot of damage to the crops.
destroy只能用作动词，指彻底破坏，以致不可能修复
The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town.
If the tree falls that way, it will destroy the house.
ruin表破坏严重，以致不能修复，但这种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物，而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。常作“破坏；毁灭；消灭”解，也可以指希望、计划等打破。e.g.His hope of being a writer was ruined.
13.injure 在此为动词，意为“受伤，伤害”。
eg: Don’t injure yourself with that knife.
She was injured badly in the accident.
injure的名词形式是injury；形容词形式是injured，the injured意为“伤者，伤员”， an injured look/expression意为“委屈的样子、表情等”
辨析：hurt, wound, injure
hurt: 使受伤；使疼痛；伤害； 使伤心。一般用语，即可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的伤害，还可用作不及物动词，意为“疼痛、惹起痛苦”: What he said hurt me deeply.他说的话使我非常伤心。
wound: 指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤，尤指在战争中，战斗中受伤: He got wounded in the fighting.他在战斗中受了伤。
injure:一般指由于意外或事故而受伤。如：He was badly injured in the accident.他在这次事故中受了重伤。Smoking will injure your health.吸烟会毁了你的健康。
14. reach (1)vt.抵达，传到eg:He reached home at eight last night.
(2)vt.达成（协议），得出（结论）eg:They finally reached a conclusion.
(3)vt.伸手够到（某物）vi.伸手去拿某物，后接介词for
eg:He is reaching (out) for the book on the shelf , but he can't reach it.
(4) n.范围 out of one's reach =out of the reach of sb 某人手所不能及之处
within the reach of sb=within one's reach 某人手所能及的地方
above/beyond one's reach 超出某人的能力
eg:The banana was out of the monkey's reach
15. gone adj,消失了；不见了，丢了；离开 eg:How long do you think you'll be gone.
拓展：gone,lost,missing都可表示“不见了” eg:My dictionary is lost/missing/gone.
16. cover vt.(1)遮盖，覆盖 cover...with...用...盖 be covered with/by 被...覆盖
eg:The field is covered with snow.
He covered the table with a table-cloth.
(2) 占有（多少面积），包含，包括
eg:Our orchards cover(an area of) 1,000 mu.我们的果园占地一千亩。
(3)报道 eg:She will stay here, covering the whole game/event.她将呆在这儿，对整个比赛/事件进行报道。
(4)走完（一段路程）eg:The Red Army covered 25,000 li during the Long March.
17. People were shocked.
shock :n. 打击；震惊， 震动 / vt. 使震惊，使惊愕
shocking : adj. 使人震惊的
be shocked at/by(doing) sth对做某事感到震惊
（be）a shock to sb 对某人来说是个打击
eg:The news of his wife’s death was a terrible shock to him.
I was shocked by his rudeness.
18. trap 动词，意为“困住，使陷于困境”。
eg:Dozens of people were trapped in the building when the fire took place.
trap还可作名词，意为“圈套；陷阱；计谋”
19. last vi.持续，维持 eg:The Civil War lasted four years.
vt.让......维持多久 eg:The food can last us (for) three days.
20. All hope was not lost.=Not all hope was lost.并非所有的希望都破灭了。该句为不完全否定句，也可称为部分否定。
（1） all,each,both,every,everyone,everything等用在否定句中时，常表示部分否定。
eg:I don't like both of the books.这两本书我并非都喜欢。
（2） no,no one,none,neither表示全部否定
eg:None of them has/have come yet.他们谁也没有回来。
Neither boy is to blame.两个男孩都不应责怪。
21. dig out 掘出；发现；找出 (dug,dug)
22. the dead,the injured,the wounded,the poor,the rich,the young,the old定冠词the+形容词表示一类人，谓语动词常用复数。
The wounded were sent to the hospital right away.
23.to the north of 在......的北部/北边 in the north, to the north与on the north
in表示“在其中”，在境界内；to表示在境外，不接壤；on表示接壤。
eg:China lies in the east of Asia.中国位于亚洲东部。
Japan lies to the east of China.日本位于中国的东面。（指在中国境外）
China faces the Pacific on the east.中国东临太平洋。（指东部境界与太平洋相接）

in
on to

(三) 问题思考
Page 27 exercises:1,2,3,4 and 5
(四) 阅读任务
1. Page 26：A night the earth didn't sleep 2.Page 65:Reading task--The story of an eyewitness
(五) 自我测评：1)《点对点》P50-58 2)《精英英语-阅读完形周练测》P19-20
Period 3 Learning about language
（一） 复习词汇，完成词汇练习
（二） 语法：定语从句
一． 词组与句型
be of no use 没有用 give out分发；发出（光、热等）；精疲力尽；用尽
as many...as possible尽可能多的 refer to指的是；提到，涉及；查阅
begin with以...为开始 translate...into将...译成 wake up sb将某人叫醒
put up shelters搭起避难所 in the open air在户外 lose one's life失去生命
a number of许多，大量的 make up编造 take turns to do=take turns doing轮流做某事 be shocked at为...感到震惊
1. be of no use=useless be of+抽象名词相当于一个形容词
be of use= useful be of value=valuable
be of importance=important be of help=helpful
2. give out 分发；发出（光、热等）；精疲力尽；用尽
eg：My money will give out soon.
My strength /legs gave out.
give in (to sb) 屈服；让步；投降 / give up 放弃 / give back 返还；归还；恢复
give away 赠送；泄露 / give off 发出（气味、光、声等）
3. It was a frightening night.那是一个令人恐惧的夜晚。
frightening adj.令人恐惧的，引起惊恐的。一般用于指物，在句中作定语或表语。
frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的。一般用于指人，在句中作定语或表语。be frightened at
此类词还有interesting /interested,surprising/surprised,disappointing/disappointed,tiring/tired,
exciting/excited
4. hit (hit,hit)v.打，击打；到达；突然想出 / n.受欢迎的事物,轰动
eg:Her new series is a hit.她的新系列节目引起轰动。
He hit Tom on the nose.他一拳击中Tom的鼻子
注意：hit sb on/in the...,意为“打某人的某个部位”。打在较硬的部位用“on”,打在较
软的部位用“in”;人体部位名称前常用the,而不用物主代词。eg:He hit Mary in the face.
辨析：hit , beat , strike
hit 指打一下；beat 指连续的击打；打败某人(beat sb)；n.(心脏的)跳动，有规律的敲击；节拍。
strike (struck,struck)v. 击打；碰撞；划（火柴）；敲钟；打动 / n. 罢工（be on strike）；攻击
eg:The clock struck five.
The foreigner was deeply struck by the beauty of the West Lake.
5. refer to (referred,referred) 指的是；涉及，提到；查阅
refer to a dictionary/look up a word in a dictionary
eg:Don't refer to this matter again.
6. turn to help sb
turn to sb for help 向某人寻求帮助
have nobody to turn to
turn to (doing)转向；求助于；转行
7. put up shelters/tent 搭起避难所/帐篷
put up搭建；张贴；举手

语法：定语从句
在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。它所修饰的名词叫
做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。本单元主要讲述关系代词引导的定语从句。
一． 关系代词that,which,who,whose 的用法
(1)who指人，常在从句中作主语
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
(2) whose指人也指物，在从句中常作定语
This is the woman scientist whose name is known all over the country.
I live in a room whose windows face south.
(3) which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。
China is a country which has a long history.
(4) that既可以指人，也可以指物，在定于从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时也可以省略。
The magazine (that) he bought last year was lost.
(二) 关系代词只用that,不用which的情况
（1） 当先行词为all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much,none,the one 等不定代词时。
All that has to be done has been done.
(2) 当先行词被both,very,just,the only,all,every,no,any,few,little,much,some等修饰时
This is the only book that he has.
(3) 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时
This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.
That is the last thing that I'd like to do.
(4) 当先行词为人、物共存时
He told me about the person and things that he met with in Europe.
(5) 当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时
Who is the man that you spoke to just now?
(6) 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时
He is no longer the one that he was.
(三)自我测评：1）《点对点》P59-60 2)《精英英语-阅读完形周练测》P21-22
Period 4 Using language&Listening
（一） 学习要点（目标）
1. 培养获取信息，处理信息的能力
（二） 学习重点与难点
一． 词组与句型
sb be invited to do某人被邀请去干...... give a speech发表演讲 be pleased to do很高兴去做... be proud of sb为某人感到骄傲自豪 as you know正如你所知 thank sb for doing sth
因为某事感谢某人 compare...with...比较... get away from从...逃离 raise money筹钱
1. be invited to do 某人被邀请去干......
invite sb to do
invite sb to a party
2. give/make/deliver a speech on/about sth 就。。。。。。发表演讲
3. be pleased to do 很高兴干某事
be pleased with/at/about 对......满意 =be satisfied with
be pleased that... 很高兴.....
eg:Are you pleased with the new flat?
I'm very pleased that you've decided to come.
4. judge n.[c]裁判员；法官 / vt.断定，判断；评价，鉴定；估计
judge...by... 以......来判断；从。。。来看
judge from... 从......来看，根据。。。可以看出
judging from/by 从。。。判断（常放句首）
eg:I can't judge whether he is right or wrong.
Don't judge a person by his appearance.
Judging by/from his appearance, he was satisfied with the meal.
5. all of whom 定语从句
all of whom 引导一个非限制性定语从句，补充说明five judges的信息。all of whom的
结构是all+of+关系代词，在语意上相当于all of them。
eg:I have two brothers,both of whom are doctors.=I have two brothers,and both of them are
doctors.
拓展：two of whom,none of whom,neither of whom,the larger of which,most of whom,
many of whom
6. It is only when we...that we can...此句是一个强调句型。如去掉强调句型，此句应该变成
Only when we understand what is said to us can we have a conversation with somebody.
Only+状语，放在句首，句子应该用部分倒装。即将助动词或情态动词提前。
eg：Only in this way can we learn English well.
(三) 听力练习
1. Page 31：reading and listening
2. Page 62：listening
3. Page 66：listening task
(四) 自我测评：1）《点对点》P61-65 2)《精英英语-阅读完形周练测》P23-24
Period 5 Writing
(五) 写作范文
某英文报开办“回顾”专栏，报社请你对1998年夏季的特大洪灾进行简要评述。
1. 性质：20世纪最严重的一次。
2. 损失严重（举例：农田，房屋，灾民等）
3. 原因：连月降雨；滥伐树木，水土流失；围湖造田，堵塞河道
4. 治理措施：保护沿河植被；改建堤坝；退田还湖
要求：词数100左右
In the summer of 1998,big floods happened in both the south and north of China.They were the most serious ones in the 20th century.They caused great losses.Fields were damaged,houses were washed away and many people become homeless.
There are three causes of the floods.First,it had kept raining for months.Second,many forests had been cut down and the soil was washed away.Finally,some lakes had been turned into fields,which seriously blocked the waterway.
To prevent possible floods,the plants along the rivers should be protected;dams should be rebuilt and the fields should be turned back into lakes.
(六) 单元小结：词汇串记
On May 12,2008,a terrible earthquake hit Sichuan Province,China.In only a few minutes'
time,many towns and villages were in ruins. Pipes burst, electricity and communication were
cut off , buildings were destroyed and people were killed or injured. It seemed as if the world
was at an end. Hearing the news, the whole nation were shocked by the disaster. People across
the country took immediate action o help Sichuan people. A great number of them rushed to rescue them right away. After days of hard work , great progress was seen. The dead were buried , the
trapped were dug out and removed to shelters in safe places. In a word, thanks to the timely
rescue work carried out by the Chinese government and its people, the damage caused by the
earthquake was brought to the lowest.
During and after the disaster , a great number of foreign countries expressed their
sympathy and encouragement to Chinese people by various means.Through the joint efforts
from all directions, we believe Sichuan will come back to life soon.