小学英语语法总结及练习.docx

小学英语语法总结及练习
一、 名词复数规则
1(一般情况下，直接加-s，如: book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds
2(以s.x.sh.ch 结尾，加-es，如: bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches
3(以“辅音字母y”结尾，变y 为i,再加-es，如: family-families,strawberry-strawberries
4.(以f或fe”结尾，变f或fe 为v,再加-es，如: knife-knives，leaf--leaves
5(不规则名词复数: man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman -policewomen, child-children，foot-feet,tooth-teeth fish-fish,deer-deer,sheep-sheep,people-people,chine se-chinese,japanese-japanese
写出下列各词的复数
I_________him_________this___________her______ watch_______child_______photo________diary______ day________foot________book_______dress________ tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____ peach______sandwich______dish_______bus_______ man______woman_______
二、 一般现在时 一般现在时基本用法介绍:
【No.1】一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:Theskyisblue.天空 是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:Igetupatsixeveryday. 我天天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如:Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕 着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成: 1.be 动词:主语，be(am,is,are)，其它。如:Iamaboy.我 是一个男孩。 2.行为动词:主语，行为动词(其它)。如:WestudyEnglish. 我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s" 或"-es"。 40精品文档 如:marylikeschinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
【No.2】一般现在时的变化 1.be 动词的变化。 否定句:主语，benot，其它。如:Heisnotaworker.他不是 工人。 一般疑问句:Be，主语，其它。如: -Areyouastudent?-yes.Iam./No,I'mnot. 非凡疑问句:疑问词，一般疑问句。 如:Whereismybike? 2.行为动词的变化。 否定句:主语，don't(doesn't)，动词原形(其它)。如: Idon'tlikebread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't 构成否定句。如: Hedoesn'toftenplay. 一般疑问句:Do(Does)，主语，动词原形，其它。 如:-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-yes,Ido./No,Idon't. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does 构成一般疑问句。 -Doesshegotoworkbybike?-yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.动词s 的变化规则: 1(一般情况下，直接加-s，如:cook-cooks,milk-milks 2(以s.x.sh.ch.o 尾，加-es，如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes 3(以“辅音字母y”结尾，变y 为i,再加-es，如: study-studies
一般现在时用法专练:
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink________go_______stay________make________ look_________have_______pass_______carry________ come________watch______plant_______fly_________ study_______brush________do_________teach_______ wash_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.
2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inclassone.
3.We_______(notwatch)TVonmonday.
4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.
5.______they________(like)theWorldcup?
6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays? 7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday? 8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays. 9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening. 10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.
11.mike_______(like)cooking.
12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.
13.myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.
14.youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.
15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.
16.She_______(go)toschoolfrommondaytoFriday.
17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.
18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening. 19.SuHaiandSuyang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.
20.,Whatday_______(be)ittoday? ,It’sSaturday
三、现在进行时 1(现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示 当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2(现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为:be，动词ing. 3(现在进行时的否定句在be 4(现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 5(现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:特殊疑问词+be+ 主语+动词ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为:特殊疑问词+be+动词ing? 动词加ing 的变化规则 1(一般情况下，直接加ing，如:cook-cooking 2(以不发音的e 结尾，去e 加ing， make-making,taste-tasting 3(假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的 辅音字母，再加ing， 如:run-running,stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的现在分词: play________run__________swim_________make__________ go_________like________write_________ski___________ read________have_________sing________dance_________ put_________see________buy_________love____________ live_______take_________come________get_________ stop_________sit________begin________shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow. 2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom. 3.mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.
4.What_____you______(do)now?
5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson. 6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow. 7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom. 8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.
9.It’s5o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow 10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?yes,sheis.
四、将来时理论及练习
1、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划 或预备做某事。 句中一般有以下时间状语: tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year„),soon, thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等。
2、基本结构:?begoingtodo;?willdo.
3、否定句:在be 动词(am,is,are)后加not 或情态动词 如:I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.?I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisaf ternoon.
4、同义句:begoingto=will Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow(明 天).=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow. 练习填空:
1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends. I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.
2.我们将要学习英语 We_____________________learnEnglish. We________learnEnglish. 五、一般过去时 1(一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态， 常和表示过去的时间状语连般过去时也表示过去经常或反 复发生的动作。 动词在一般过去时中的变化:?am 在一般过去时中变为were。(werenot=weren’t)3(句中没有be 动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句:didn’t 动词原形，如:jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday. 动词过去式变化 规则: 1(一般在动词末尾加-ed，如:work-worked,cook-cooked 2(结尾是e 如:live,lived3(末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节， 应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 如:stop-stopped 4(以“辅音字母y”结尾的，变y 为i，再加-ed，如: study-studied 40精品文档 5(不规则动词过去式: am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went, come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put, read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,swim-swam,sit-sat 过去时练习 写出下列动词的过去式 is\am_________plant________are________do________ drink_________play_______go________make________ does_________dance________worry________ask_____ taste_________eat__________put______pass_______kick_________ 动词的过去时练习(1)1.I_______atschooljustnow. 2.He________atthecamplastweek. 3.We________studentstwoyearsago. 4.They________onthefarmamomentago. 5.yangLing________elevenyearsoldlastyear. 6.There________anappleontheplateyesterday. 7.There________somemilkinthefridgeonSunday. 40精品文档 8.Themobilephone_______onthesofayesterdayevening. 9.I______anEnglishteachernow. 10.She_______happyyesterday. 11.They_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth. 行为动词的过去时练习(2) 1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday. 2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight. 3.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go) 4.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival? 5.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?yes,he______. 6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday. 7.I____________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______. 8.What______she_______(find)inthegardenlastmorning? She__________(find)abeautifulbutterfly. 六、人称代词和物主代词 人称代词物主代词 主格 (句首做主语)宾格 (句尾做宾语)形容词性 10 40精品文档 (名首做主语)名词性 (句尾做宾语) Imemymine youyouyouryours hehimhishis sheherherhers itititsits weusourours theythemtheirtheirs 习题 一.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but___ _____isverybig.(I) 2.Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she) 3.Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it’snot_________.(I) 4.________ismybrother.______nameisjack.Look!Thosest ampsare_________.(he) 二、用am,is,are 填空 1.I______aboy.______youaboy?No,I_____not. 2.Thegirl______jack'ssister. 3.Thedog_______tallandfat. 4.Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher. 11 40精品文档 5.______yourbrotherintheclassroom? 6.Where_____yourmother?She______athome. 7.How_______yourfather? 8.mikeandLiuTao______atschool. 9.Whosedress______this? 10.Whosesocks______they? 小学英语六年级语法训练 语法及练习1be 动词 动词的用法:(1)Am--wasIs--wasAre--were 口诀:我用am,你用are,is 用在他她它，复数全 (2)肯定和否定句:Iam(not)fromLondon.myhairis(not)long. Heis(not)ateacher.Sheis(not)inthediningroom.Hereyes are(not)small. (3)一般疑问句:AmIachinese?yes,youare.No,youaren’t. AretheyAmerican?yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t. Isthecatfat?yes,itis.No,itisn’t. 用恰当的be 动词填空。 1.I______aboy.______youaboy?No,I_____not. 2.Thegirl______jack'ssister. 12 40精品文档 3.Thedog_______tallandfat. 4.Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher. 5.______yourbrotherintheclassroom? 6.Where_____yourmother?She______athome. 7.How_______yourfather? 8.mikeandLiuTao______atschool. 9.Whosedress______this? 10.Whosesocks______they? 11.That______myredskirt. 12.Who______I? 13.Thejeans______onthedesk. 14.Here______ascarfforyou. 15.Here______somesweatersforyou. 16.Theblackgloves______forSuyang. 17.Thispairofgloves______foryangLing. 18.Thetwocupsofmilk_____forme. 19.Sometea______intheglass. 20.Gaoshan'sshirt_______overthere. 21.mysister'sname______Nancy. 22.This______notWangFang'spencil. 23.______DavidandHelenfromEngland? 24.There______agirlintheroom. 13 40精品文档 25.There______someapplesonthetree. 26._______thereanykitesintheclassroom? 27._______thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle? 28.There_______somebreadontheplate. 29.There_______aboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomenint hepark. 30.you,heandI______fromchina. 语法及练习2 人称代词和物主代词 人称代词和物主代词 1(人称代词主格和宾格的区别:主格通常位于句中第一个 动词之前(有时候位于than 之后)，宾格一般位于动词或介 词之后。 2(物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别:形容词性用时后面 一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。 一.填写代词表主格。 Iitwe youthem hisyour hers 二.用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but___ _____isverybig.(I) 14 40精品文档 2.Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she) 3.Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it’snot_________.(I) 4.______ismybrother.________nameisjack.Look!Thosestampsare_________. (he) 5._________dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare_________?(you) 6.Herearemanydolls,whichoneis_________?(she) 7.Icanfindmytoy,butwhere’s_________?(you) 8.Show_________yourkite,ok?(they) 9.Ihaveabeautifulcat._________nameismimi.Thesecakesare_________.(it) 10.Arethese________tickets?No,______arenot_______.______aren’ there.(they)11.Shall_________havealookatthatclassroom?Thatis________ _classroom.(we) 12._________ismyaunt.Doyouknow_________job?_________anurse.(she) 13.Thatisnot_________camera._________isathome.(he) 14.Whereare_________?Ican’tfind_________.Let’ scall________parents.(they) 15.Don’ ttouch_________._________notacat,_________atiger! 15 40精品文档 16._________sisterisill.Pleasegoandget_________.(she) 17._________don’ tknowhername.Wouldyoupleasetell_________.(we) 18.Somanydogs.Let’scount_________.(they) 19.Ihavealovelybrother._________isonly3.Ilike_________verymuch.(he) 20.mayIsitbeside_________?(you) 21.Lookatthatdesk.Thosebookareon_________.(it) 22.Thegirlbehind_________isourfriend.(she) 语法及练习3 名词复数和动 一、名词复数规则1(一般情况下，直接加-s，如: book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds 2(以s.x.sh.ch 结尾，加-es，如: bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches 3(以“辅音字母+y”结 为i,再加-es，如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries 或fe”结尾，变f或fe 为v,再加-es，如:knife-knives 5(不规则名词复数: man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman- policewomen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,to 16 40精品文档 oth-teeth fish-fish,sheep-sheep,deer-deer,people-people,chinese- chinese,japanese-japanese 练习:写出下列各词的复数。 I_________him_________this_______her______watch_______book_______ child_______photo________diary______day________foot________dress____ ____tooth______sheep______box_______strawberry__________thief_______yo- yo______peach______sandwich______man______woman_______paper_______people 二(动词三单的变化规则1(一般情况下，直接加-s，如:cook-cooks,milk-milks 2(以s.x.sh.ch.o 结尾，加-es，如: guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes 3(以“辅音字母+y”结 为i,再加-es，如:study-studies 练习:写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink________go_______stay________make________look_________ have_______pass_______carry____come________watch______ 17 40精品文档 plant_______fly________study_______brush________tea ch_______ 语法及练习4 一般现在时 一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍 一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如:Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成 1.be 动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。 如:marylikeschinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 一般现在时的变化 1.be 动词的变化。否定句:主语+be+not+其它。如:Heisnotaworker.他不是工 一般疑问句:Be+主语+其它。如:-Areyouastudent?18 40精品文档 -yes.Iam./No,I'mnot. 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Whereismybike? 2.行为动词的变化。否 定句:主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原 形(+其它)。 如:Idon'tlikebread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't 构成否定句。如: Hedoesn'toftenplay. 一般疑问句:Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。 如:-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-yes,Ido./No,Idon't. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does 构成一般疑问句。 -Doesshegotoworkbybike?-yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如: Howdoesyourfathergotowork? 一般现在时用法专练: 一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome. 2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inclassone. 3.We_______(notwatch)TVonmonday. 4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday. 5.______they________(like)theWorldcup? 19 40精品文档 6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays? 7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday? 8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays. 9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening. 10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle. 11.mike_______(like)cooking. 12.They_______(have)thesamehobby. 13.myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully. 14.youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell. 15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed. 16.She_______(go)toschoolfrommondaytoFriday. 17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE. 18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening. 19.SuHaiandSuyang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm. 20.,Whatday_______(be)ittoday?,It’sSaturday. 二、按照要求改写句子。 1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定 40精品文档 40精品文档 三、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?________________________________ 2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?__________________________________ 3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.______________________________ 4.mr.WuteachsusEnglish._____________________________________ 5.Shedon’ tdoherhomeworkonSundays.________________________ 语法及练习5 现在进 行时 现在进行时 1(现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示 当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2(现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing. 3(现在进行时的否定句在be 4(现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 22 40精品文档 5(现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:特殊疑问词+be+ 主语+动词ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为:特殊疑问词+be+动词ing? 动词加ing 的变化规则 1(一般情况下，直接加ing，如:cook-cooking 2(以不发音的e 结尾，去e 加ing，如: make-making,taste-tasting 3(如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的 辅音字母，再加ing， 如:run-running,stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习: 一、写出下列动词的现在分词: play________run__________swim_________make__________go_________ like________write________ski___________read________have_________ sing________dance_________put_________see________buy_________ love_________live_______take_________come________get_________ stop_________sit________begin________shop___________ 23 40精品文档 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空: 1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow. 2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom. 3.mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow. 4.What_____you______(do)now? 5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson. 6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow. 7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom. 8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic. 9.It’s5o’ clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wa sh)clothes?yes,sheis. 三、句型转换: 1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定 2(Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回 24 40精品文档