外文参考文献模板.doc

郑州华信学院
本科生毕业设计（论文）外文参考
文献及译文

题 目： 直接填英文题目
指导教师： 王莹 职称： 讲师
学生姓名： 张雨晴 学号：0902120301
专 业： 电气工程及其自动化
院 （系）： 机电工程学院

2014年3月20日
外文参考文献
"Design" promote frame parts machining process planning and process equipment
The content of this design can be divided into the machining process planning and machine special fixture design of two parts. First, by analyzing the B6065 planer drive frame, learn driving role in the B6065 planer processing. Use of mechanical manufacturing technology and some knowledge of the related courses, solve the driving frame in the processing of positioning, tightening and the arrangement of the process route and so on related issues, to determine the related process dimensions and choose the appropriate machine tools and cutting tools, guarantee the quality of parts. Secondly, based on the blank piece and the requirement of production platform and the processing scheme comparison, to develop a practical and feasible to promote processing technical process route. Finally, according to the requirements of the processed parts processing, machine tool fixture design reference manual and related books, by using the basic principle and method of fixture design, to draw up a plan of fixture design, design a high efficient, energy saving, economic and reasonable and can ensure the quality of machining fixture.
Mechanic process refers to change shape, size of blank by machining methods, the relative position and nature makes it a part of the whole process.
Machining process is the basic unit of process. Process and by the installation step, location, industry and feed
Products or parts manufacturing process and operation method of file, called process planning. The main purpose of the machining process planning are as follows:
1. The machining process planning is the main basis of production preparation work. According to it to organize the supply of raw material and blank, adjust machine tool, the design and manufacture of special process equipment, prepare production plan, the deployment of labor force, and the production cost accounting, etc.
2. The machining process planning and organizing production, on the basis of planning and scheduling. It can progress plan, to achieve high quality and low consumption.
3. The machining process planning is the basic technology of a new factory. According to it and production program, to determine the required amount and type of machine tool, the area of the factory, plane arrangement of the machine tool, the arrangement of each department.
Machining process card and machining process card, is a combination of the two main file. For the inspection process and inspection process CARDS; Automatic, semi-automatic machine to complete the process, and machine tool adjustment card.
Machining process card is to show how the process files of parts processing technology.
Machining process card is detailed for each working procedure, used to direct production directly, used for mass production parts and an important parts in batch production.
Making the machining process planning, must possess the following sources:
1. The product of a full set of technical documents, including a full set of drawings of products, product quality acceptance standards and production platform.
2. The blank drawing and blank manufacturing method. Technology personnel should study the blank drawing, understand the blank allowance, molding process, and parting surface of castings, the gate, the location of the riser, and the correct method of processing the clamping part and the parts.
3. The workshop production conditions. The understanding of the factory equipment, tools, jigs, performance, specifications and precision of the measuring condition; Production area; Workers technical level; Special equipment; Process equipment manufacturing performance, etc.
4. All kinds of technical data. Including the relevant manuals, standards, as well as the domestic and foreign advanced technology, etc.
According to data shows, the parts are the B6065 shaper drive frame, medium and small parts of can feed mechanism is the shaper, phi 32 mm hole used to install the workbench of feed screw shaft, a ratchet wheel near the phi 32 mm hole at the left, above the ratchet 16 mm hole to a pawl, namely the phi phi and 16 mm hole through the pin and rod connecting rod, the coming from the motor rotation by eccentric lever to promote axis swing frame around the phi is 32 mm, plucked a ratchet wheel at the same time, drive screw rotation, realize automatic feed of the workbench.
The part drawing shows that the material for HT200, the material is gray cast iron has high strength, wear resistance, heat resistance and vibration resistance, suitable for wearing parts under high stress and requirements.
By the part drawing, 32, phi phi 16 centerline is the design of the main base and processing base. The main processing surface of the parts can be divided into two groups:
1. Phi 32 mm hole at the center of machining surface
This set of machining surface including: phi 32 mm of two end face and the hole and chamfering, phi 16 mm of two end face and hole and chamfering.
2. To phi 16 mm hole machining surface
This includes a set of processing surface, phi and 16 mm end face and chamfering and inner hole phi 10 mm, M8-6 h of internal thread, phi 6 mm hole and 120 ° chamfer 2 mm groove.
The two groups of processing surface has a certain position requirements, mainly:
1. 32 mm hole and the phi phi and 16 mm center line of the vertical degree of tolerance of 0.10;
2. 32 mm hole end face and phi phi 16 mm center distance of 12 mm.
Known from the analysis of the above, for the two groups of processing and surface processing first in the first group, and processing the second group. By reference in the surface and hole machining accuracy of machine tool can achieve the location precision of knowable, the above technical requirements can be reached, parts molding process is feasible.
According to parts material to determine the blank for gray cast iron, and query data by calculation, the blank weight about 0.72 kg. Type for medium and small batch production, can be used over a box of sand mold casting blank. Due to phi 32 mm hole needs to be forged, so you also need to put the core. In addition, to eliminate residual stress, casting should be arranged after artificial aging process.
About promoting process steps and machine tool fixture design method of concrete in this paper. Process design is in learning technology of mechanical manufacturing technology and machine tool fixture design, on the basis of production practice, the integrated use of learned knowledge of parts for the design of machining process planning and machine tool fixture design, in accordance with the requirements of parts processing, the feasible process route and reasonable fixture scheme, to ensure parts processing quality.
According to data shows, the push is shaper into small parts to the organization, its main role is to put the coming from the motor rotation by eccentric lever push around its axis swing, plucked a ratchet wheel at the same time, drive screw rotation, realize automatic feed of the workbench. When designing driving frame machining process by the look-up table method to determine the total allowance and allowance tolerance of each surface, reasonable selection of machine tool processing equipment and the corresponding processing cutting tool, feed, cutting speed, power, torque and so on to improve machining accuracy, ensure the quality of its processing.
Machinery manufacturing industry is the pillar industry of national economy, the modern manufacturing is changing people's mode of production, life style, management mode and social organization structure and culture. The development of production and products renewal speed up, the production efficiency and manufacturing quality put forward higher request, also put forward the requirement of machining process.
In actual production, the parts of the production condition such as type, shape, size and technical requirements, for a part, is not always alone on a machine tool with a kind of machining method can finish, but need to go through a certain process. Therefore, we should not only according to the requirements to the parts, choose the appropriate processing methods, to reasonably arrange processing order, step by step and make parts processing
The production process refers to the whole process of converting raw materials to finished products. It includes the transport, storage of raw materials in the preparation, the products of technology, production preparation, manufacturing, parts machining and heat treatment, the assembly of parts and products, testing and debugging, paint packaging and product sales and after-sales service, etc.

译文
设计“推动架“零件的机械加工工艺规程及工艺装备

本设计的内容可分为机械加工工艺规程设计和机床专用夹具设计两大部分。首先，通过分析B6065刨床推动架，了解到推动架在B6065刨床加工中的作用。运用机械制造技术及相关课程的一些知识，解决推动架在加工中的定位、加紧以及工艺路线的安排等方面的相关问题，确定相关的工艺尺寸及选择合适的机床和刀具，保证零件的加工质量。其次，依据推动架毛坯件和生产纲领的要求及各加工方案的比较，制定出切实可行的推动架加工工艺规程路线。最后，根据被加工零件的加工要求，参考机床夹具设计手册及相关方面的书籍，运用夹具设计的基本原理和方法，拟定夹具设计的方案，设计出高效、省力、经济合理并且能保证加工质量的夹具。
机械工工艺过程是指用机械加工方法改变毛坯的形状、尺寸、相对位置和性质使其成为零件的全过程。
机械加工工艺过程的基本单元是工序。工序又由安装、工位、工步及走刀组成
规定产品或零件制造过程和操作方法等工艺文件，称为工艺规程。机械加工工艺规程的主要作用如下：
1.机械加工工艺规程是生产准备工作的主要依据。根据它来组织原料和毛坯的供应，进行机床调整、专用工艺装备的设计与制造，编制生产作业计划，调配劳动力，以及进行生产成本核算等。
2.机械加工工艺规程也是组织生产、进行计划调度的依据。有了它就可以制定进度计划，实现优质高产和低消耗。
3.机械加工工艺规程是新建工厂的基本技术文件。根据它和生产纲领，才能确定所须机床的种类和数量，工厂的面积，机床的平面布置，各部门的安排。
机械加工工艺过程卡片和机械加工工序卡片，是两个主要的工艺文件。对于检验工序还有检验工序卡片；自动、半自动机床完成的工序，还有机床调整卡片。
机械加工工艺过程卡片是说明零件加工工艺过程的工艺文件。
机械加工工序卡片是每个工序详细制订时，用于直接指导生产，用于大批量生产的零件和成批生产中的重要零件。
制订机械加工工艺规程时，必须具备下列原始资料：
1.产品的全套技术文件，包括产品的全套图纸、产品的验收质量标准以及产品的生产纲领。
2.毛坯图及毛坯制造方法。工艺人员应研究毛坯图，了解毛坯余量，结构工艺性，以及铸件分型面，浇口、冒口的位置，以及正确的确定零件的加工装夹部位及方法。
3.车间的生产条件。即了解工厂的设备、刀具、夹具、量具的性能、规格及精度状况；生产面积；工人的技术水平；专用设备；工艺装备的制造性能等。
4.各种技术资料。包括有关的手册、标准、以及国内外先进的工艺技术等。
据资料所示，可知该零件是B6065牛头刨床推动架，是牛头刨床进给机构的中小零件，φ32mm孔用来安装工作台进给丝杠轴，靠近φ32mm孔左端处一棘轮，在棘轮上方即φ16mm孔装一棘爪，φ16mm孔通过销与杠连接杆，把从电动机传来的旋转运动通过偏心轮杠杆使推动架绕φ32mm轴心线摆动，同时拨动棘轮，带动丝杠转动，实现工作台的自动进给。
由零件图可知，其材料为HT200，该材料为灰铸铁，具有较高强度，耐磨性，耐热性及减振性，适用于承受较大应力和要求耐磨零件。
由零件图可知，φ32、φ16的中心线是主要的设计基准和加工基准。该零件的主要加工面可分为两组：
1.φ32mm孔为中心的加工表面
这一组加工表面包括：φ32mm的两个端面及孔和倒角，φ16mm的两个端面及孔和倒角。
2.以φ16mm孔为加工表面
这一组加工表面包括，φ16mm的端面和倒角及内孔φ10mm、M8-6H的内螺纹，φ6mm的孔及120°倒角2mm的沟槽。
这两组的加工表面有着一定的位置要求，主要是：
1.φ32mm孔内与φ16mm中心线垂直度公差为0.10；
2.φ32mm孔端面与φ16mm中心线的距离为12mm。
由以上分析可知，对这两组加工表面而言，先加工第一组，再加工第二组。由参考文献中有关面和孔加工精度及机床所能达到的位置精度可知，上述技术要求是可以达到的，零件的结构工艺性也是可行的。
根据零件材料确定毛坯为灰铸铁，通过计算和查询资料可知，毛坯重量约为0.72kg。生产类型为中小批量，可采用一箱多件砂型铸造毛坯。由于φ32mm的孔需要铸造出来，故还需要安放型心。此外，为消除残余应力，铸造后应安排人工时效进行处理。
有关推动架工艺步骤的说明和机床夹具设计方法的具体阐述。工艺设计是在学习机械制造技术工艺学及机床夹具设计后，在生产实习的基础上，综合运用所学相关知识对零件进行加工工艺规程的设计和机床夹具的设计，根据零件加工要求制定出可行的工艺路线和合理的夹具方案，以确保零件的加工质量。
据资料所示，推动架是牛头刨床进给机构中的小零件，其主要作用是把从电动机传来的旋转运动通过偏心轮杠杆使推动架绕其轴心线摆动，同时拨动棘轮，带动丝杠转动，实现工作台的自动进给。在设计推动架机械加工工艺过程时要通过查表法准确的确定各表面的总余量及余量公差，合理选择机床加工设备以及相应的加工刀具，进给量，切削速度、功率，扭矩等用来提高加工精度，保证其加工质量。
机械制造业是国民经济的支柱产业，现代制造业正在改变着人们的生产方式、生活方式、经营管理模式乃至社会的组织结构和文化。生产的发展和产品更新换代速度的加快，对生产效率和制造质量提出了越来越高的要求，也就对机械加工工艺等提出了要求。
在实际生产中，由于零件的生产类型、形状、尺寸和技术要求等条件不同，针对某一零件，往往不是单独在一种机床上用某一种加工方法就能完成的，而是需要经过一定的工艺过程。因此，我们不仅要根据零件具体要求，选择合适的加工方法，还要合理地安排加工顺序，一步一步地把零件加工出来
生产过程是指将原材料转变为成品的全过程。它包括原材料的运输、保管于准备，产品的技术、生产准备、毛坯的制造、零件的机械加工及热处理，部件及产品的装配、检验调试、油漆包装、以及产品的销售和售后服务等。