资源描述
中考英语总复习
目录
专题一 名词 1
专题二 数词、冠词 7
专题三 介词、连词 14
专题四 代词 21
专题五 形容词、副 词 30
专题六 动词的分类 39
专题七 情态动词、系动词 46
专题八 动词时态 53
专题九 被动语态 59
专题十 非谓语动词 66
专题十一 简单句、并列句 76
专题十二 祈使句、感叹句 84
专题一三 宾语从句 90
专题一四 定语从句 98
专题一五 状语从句 105
专题一 名词
1. 名词的数
1. 概述: 名词按其表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。
2. 可数名词及其单复数：可数名词有单复数变化，其前通常用不定冠词和数词来修饰，还可用many, few, a few, some, any, plenty of, lots of, a number of 等修饰。构成名词复数形式的方法分为规则法和不规则法两种。
1） 复数的规则构成法：绝大多数英语中的名词复数都是在单数名词后加上词尾-s或-es构成的。具体规则如下图：
规则
例词
一般情况下加-s
apple-apples, ruler-rulers
以s, x, ch，sh,结尾的加-es
bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches, brush-brushes
以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y变成i再加-es
city-cities, county-countries
以f或fe结尾的，把f或fe变成v,再加-es
knife-knives, leaf-leaves
以o结尾的，有的词尾加-es，有的加-s
在初中英语范围内加-es的主要有以下4个：tomato-tomatoes，potato-potatoes
Hero-heroes， Negro-Negroes
2) 复数的不规则构成法：
a．单复同形的：Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, deer-deer, sheep-sheep, fish-fish(表示鱼的数量)
b. 熟记下列词的复数变化：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, child-children
c. 以man, woman做定语构成的复合名词，变复数时要全变：a man teacher-two men teachers; 其他情况一般只变主体名词而作定语的名词不变：a girl student-two girl students
3. 不可数名词：不可数名词没有单复数。如：water, meat, air等。在表示数量时，通常用以下方法。
1）用some, much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, plenty of 等表示多少。
There is little milk at home.
The old man has lots of money.
2) 若要表示不可数名词的数量，应用“数词+量词+of+名词”这种形式，若数字超过一，量词应用复数形式。如：a glass of water-two glasses of water, a piece of bread-two pieces of bread
2. 专有名词：专有名词是表示特定的人，事物， 地点等，如：Tom, China, the United Kingdom. 专有名词的第一个字母一般大写，大部分专有名词前一般不用冠词。
3. 名词的所有格：
1. 概述：名词的所有格在句中是表示所有关系，作定语。
2. 名词所有格的构成：名词所有格包括 –s所有格和of所有格两种形式。无生命的名词的所有格通常用of短语来表示所有关系。如：the name of the school, the window of the house等。–s所有格主要用于有生命的东西和表示时间，距离，国家等的名词后。构成方法如下：
1） 一般直接在名词后加’s. 如：Jim’s book
2） 复数名词的所有格，若以s/es结尾只加撇号，不以s/es结尾仍加’s。如：
Children’s Day, the teachers’ office.
3)“ and”连接的并列名词的所有格，表示两人“共有”只在后一个名词尾加’s; 表示“各自拥有”，两个名词尾都要加’s. 如：Jim and Lucy’s book（共有）; Jane’s and Tom’s books(不共有)
4）表示店铺或某人的家等处所时，常在名词的所有格后省去shop, house, home等。如：the barber’s, at my uncle’s
5) 表示时间，距离，国家，城市的无生命名词，可以在词尾加’s或’表示所有格，如：today’s newspaper, five minutes’ walk.
3. 双重所有格
1)名词双重所有格的含义：of+名词所有格称为双重所有格，这种结构中，of前面是一部分，of后面是一个整体。
例如：Mr Wang is a friend of my father's. (=Mr Wang is one of my father's friends.) 王先生 是我父亲的一个朋友.
2)名词双重所有格的构成方法：
a. of前面的名词前面通常有一个含泛指意义的限定词，如a, any, some, no, few, several以及two, three等。例如：
Have you read any stories of Lei Feng's? 你看过雷锋的故事吗？
They gave me some books of theirs. 他们把他们的一些书给了我。
Three classmates of my sister's have found good jobs. 我姐姐的三个同学已经找到了好工作。
b. 有时of前面的名词前面可以用指示代词this, that表示某种感情色彩。例如：
That answer of Jim's was right. 吉姆的那个回答是对的。
Something is wrong with this eye of mine. 我的这只眼睛出了毛病。
c. of后面带有's的名词或名词性物主代词通常是特指的人。例如：
That's a book of Lu Xun's. 这是鲁迅的一本书。
This is a child of theirs. 那是他们的一个孩子。
3)名词的双重所有格与“of + 名词”结构之间的区别：
a.. 句子所表达的侧重点不同。试比较：
He is a friend of my father's. （着重说明“父亲”的朋友不止一个）
He is a friend of my father. （着重说明“他”是父亲的一个朋友）
b. of前面是picture等词时，含义不同。试比较：
This is a picture of my teacher's. 这是我老师收藏的一张照片。
This is a picture of my teacher. 这是我老师的一张照片。
实战演练(2×50)
1. June 1st is ____ Day all over the world.
A. Child’s B. Children’s C. Childrens’
2. September 10th is ___ Day in China.
A. Teacher’s B. Teachers’ C. Teacher
3. This is _______ news.
A. such a good B. a very good C. such good
4.—What ______ it is!
—Let’s go out to have a picnic.
A. a fine weather B. fine day C. a fine day
5. Tom and I go to school _____ every day.
A. on feet B. on foot C. by foot
6. –Are those _____?
-No, they aren’t. They’re _____.
A. sheep; cows B. sheep; cow C. sheeps; cow
7. A group of ____ are talking with two ___ over there.
A. Frenchmen; Germans B. Frenchmen; Germen C. German; Frenchmen
8. That doctor drank two _____.
A. glass of water B. glasses of waters C. cups of tea
9. Mrs. Smith is an old friend of _______.
A. Bob mother B. Bob’s mother’s C. mother of Bob
10. The tall man with a big nose is _______ classmate.
A. Tom and Carl B. Tom’s and Carl’s C. Tom and Carl’s
11.In ____ time, there will be more tall buildings in our city.
A. few year B. a few years’ C. a few year’s
12. How many ___ do you want every month?
A. milk B. water C. apples
13. –Whose is this new bicycle?
-It’s _____.
A. Sue and Jim’s B . Sue and Jim C. Sue’s and Jim’s
14. –Would you like _____tea?
-No, thanks. I’ve drunk two __.
A. any; bottles of orange B. a little; bottle of oranges C. some; bottles of orange
15. –How many _____ do you want?
-Two, please.
A. kilos of egg B. kilo of eggs C. kilos of eggs
16. The bus stop is two _____ from our house.
A. hour’s drive B. hours’ drive C. hour-drive
17. –Where are you going, Amy?-_______.
A. To my uncle B. To my uncle’s C. At my uncle
18. Have you read _____?
A. a newspaper of today’s B. today newspaper C. today's newspaper
19. Lucy put a lot of ____ in ____ of tea.
A. sugar; the two cup B. sugars; the two cups C. sugar; the two cups
20. Tomatoes, broccoli, and ____ are vegetables.
A. bananas B. potatoes C. noodles
21. –Help yourself to some _________.
-Thank you. I really like them.
A. fish B. orange C. cakes
22. The little baby has two _______ already.
A. tooth B. a tooth C. teeth
23. We all had ______ last month. Did you travel to anywhere?
A. three days’ holiday B. three day’s holiday C. three-days holiday
24. When autumn comes, ______ of most trees turn yellow and then fall down.
A. leaf B. leave C. leaves
25. Tomorrow I'm going to my________. It's a _________.
A aunt...five minutes' walk B aunt's...five minute's walk
C aunt's...five minutes' walk
26. A computer is one of the greatest ________in this century.
A inventors B inventions C invitations
27. We haven't ________ homework to do today.
A many B some C much
28. Three hours________enough for a__________boy to read books.
A is...ten-year-old B are...ten-year-old C is...ten-years-old
29. _________that pair of new_________nice?
A Is...shoe B Are...shoes C Is...shoes
30.Mary, I've bought many_______. Now let's make the birthday cake.
A fresh eggs B chocolate milk C food
31. The two ________are my________.
A woman doctors... friends B women doctors... friends
C women doctors... friend
32. These are________houses.
A Lee and my uncle B the Lee's and my uncle's
C theLees' and my uncle
33. We are__________.They are_________.
A Chinese...Germen B Chinese...German
C Chinese...Germans
34. There ______ a pencil and two books on the desk.
A. has B. is C.are
35. A number of students ______ for the school bus now.
A. is waiting B. are waiting C. waits
36. The number of students in the class ______ large.
A. are B. has C.is
37. A _____ is used for keeping warm.
A. stamp B. scarf C. key
38. There is no _______ in the bus so we have to wait for another bus.
A. room B. a room C. rooms
39. ---This is a photo of _________ when they were young.
---OK, how happy they both looked!
A. my father and mother B. my mother and father's
C. my mother's and father's
40. The new student is in __________ , Grade Two.
A. Class Third B. Third Class C. Class Three
41. --- What would you like to drink, girls?
--- _________, please.
A.Two cup of coffee B. Two cups of coffee C. Two coffee
42 During Christmas, people get together and sing Christmas songs for ______
A. fun B. wishes C. interest
43. They are those _________ bags. Please put them on the bus.
A. visitor B. visitor's C. visitors'
44.--- How many students are there in your school?
--- There are two ___________.
A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundreds of
45. ---What do you think of the _______ the Moonlight Sonata by Beethoven?
-- It sounds really wonderful.
A. subject B. music C. book
46. There is not enough _________ in the corner for the TV.
A. place B. room C. field
47. If you don't take more ________, you'll get fat.
A. medicine B. lessons C. exercise
48. My school is about twenty ________ walk from here.
A. minute B. minutes' C. minutes
49. Mum, I have _______ to tell you!
A. a good news B. some good news C. many good news
50. Maths ________ not easy to learn.
A. are B. is C. am
参考答案：
1-5:BBCCB; 6-10:AACBC; 11-15: BCACC; 16-20:BBCCB; 21-25:CCACC；26-30：BCACA
31-35：CBCBB；36-40：CBAAC；41-45：BBCBB；46-50：BCBBB
专题二 数词、冠词
一．数词
1.数词概述：表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫做数词。其用法相当于名词或者形容词。
2.数词的种类：可以分为两种： 基数词：表示数目多少的数词。序数词：表示先后顺序的数词。
3.基数词的写法和用法
1）1—12的基数词是独立的单词，即： one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight， nine，ten，eleven，twelve。
2）13—19的基数词以-teen结尾。如：14—fourteen，但13，15，18较特殊，13—thirteen 15—fifteen 18—eighteen。
3）20—90的整十位均以-ty结尾。如：60—sixty，但20，30，40，50，80较特殊， 20—twenty 30—thirty 40—forty 50—fifty 80—eighty。
4) 十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号“-”，如：28—twenty-eight，96—ninety-six。
5) 百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间加“and”，如：148—one hundred and forty-eight , 406—four hundred and six。
6) hundred（百），thousand（千），million（百万），billion（十亿）等前面即使有具体的数词，也不能在它们的后面加s。
7) .百(hundred),千(thousand),百万(million)等词与介词of连用的时侯，用复数形式，表不确定数目，其前面不可与数字连用
8）.表示“几十”的数词，复数形式可用来表示人的岁数或年代。
如： He is in his forties. 他四十多岁。
This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在二十世纪三十年代。
9）.基数词可与其他词构成形容词。
如： Can you say something about your two-month holiday? ？(two和month之间有连字符时，month用单数)
4. 序数词的写法和用法
1）．基数词变序数词可利用口诀巧记：“一、二、三，特殊记，八去“t ”，九去“e”，“ve”要用“f”替，见“y”变成“i”和“e”，词尾加上“th”，若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。”
变法如下：first，second，third，eight—eighth nine—ninth，five—fifth，twelve—twelfth，twenty—twentieth，forty—fortieth，twenty-five—twenty-fifth。
其余情况均在基数词后加th。如： six—sixth, nineteen—nineteenth , hundred— hundredth, thousand—thousandth等。
2）. 序数词前常用定冠词the, 表“顺序”。但如果序数词不表示顺序，而表示“又一个，另一个”时，则不能用the, 要用a. 如：Try it a second time. 再试一下。
5. 序数词表示“名次”时，不用定冠词。
He was first. 他得了第一名。
Who was first? Who was second？谁是第一名？谁是第二名？
注意:
1.分数的读法：分子必须用基数词，分母用序数词。分子如果大于1，分母须用复数形式。先读分子，再读分母。分子为one时可换用a. 如：
In our class, about a third can speak English well.
Two thirds 三分之二。
2.1/2读作“a(或one)half(而不是a second “一秒钟”)，1/4既可读作“a(或one)quarter”又可读作 “a(或one)fourth”.
3/4:Three quarters
3.小数的读法：小数点的前的基数词与前面所讲的基数词读法完全相同；小数点读作point,小数点后只须将数字一一读出。
15.67 读作: fifteen point six seven
4. 百分数的读法：先读基数词，再读百分号 “%”（读作percent）.
5% 读作: five percent.
5.年代的读法为“两位，两位”地读。整百的后读hundred,整千的后读thousand, 前常加 the year. 如：
1937读作nineteen thirty-seven 或：nineteen hundred and thirty-seven
2000 年 读作 the year two thousand
December the first, nineteen ninety-four 一九九四年十二月一日
二.冠词
1. 冠词概述：冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。
2. 冠词的种类：英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词，另一种是不定冠词，还有一种是零冠词。
3. 不定冠词的用法
不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音素前，一般读作[e]，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。
1) 表示"一个"，意为one；
2) 代表一类人或物。
A knife is a tool for cutting with.
Mr. Smith is a doctor.
3) 词组或成语。
a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a great many / many a / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on /
4. 定冠词的用法
定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有"那（这）个"的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。它有以下意义：
1）特指双方都明白的人或物：定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有"那（这）个"的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
1）特指双方都明白的人或物： Take the umbrella. 带上伞。
2）上文提到过的人或事： He bought a book. I've read the book.
他买了一本书。我看过那本书。
3）指世上独一物二的事物： the sun， the sky， the moon， the earth
4）单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：the dollar 美元; the fox 狐狸；或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich 富人; the living 活着的人。
5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very，same等前面：
Where do you live? I live on the second floor. 你住在哪？我住在二层。
That's the very thing I've been looking for. 那正是我要找的东西。
6）用在表示身体部位的名词前： She caught me by the hand. 她抓住了我手。
7）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前：
the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国 the United States 美国
8）用在表示乐器的名词之前： She plays the piano. 她会弹钢琴。
9) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人： the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
10) 用在惯用语中：
in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening), the day after tomorrow
the day before yesterday, the next morning, in the sky (water，field，country) in the dark, in the rain, in the distance, in the middle (of), in the end, by the way, go to the theatre
5.零冠词的用法
1) 国名，人名前通常不用冠词：England，Mary；
2）泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词； They are teachers.
3）抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词； Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。
2）在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；
We go to school from Monday to Friday.
3）在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词
4） 当by 与火车等交通工具连用中间无冠词；by bus，by train；
5）有些个体名词不用冠词；如： school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class， town，church，court 等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义，
如：go to hospital 去医院看病
go to the hospital 去医院 (并不是去看病，而是有其他目的)
6）不用冠词的序数词；
a. 序数词前有物主代词
b. 序数词作副词 He came first in the race.
c. 在固定词组中 at (the) first, first of all, from first to last
实战演练(2×50)
1. There are ___ days in a year.
A. three hundred sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-five C. three hundred and sixty-five
2． ______visitors visit this museum every day.
A. Hundred B. Hundred of C. Hundreds of
3. There are two___ people in the library.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of
4. Every year ___ watch NBA on TV.
A. million people B. millions of people C. millions people
5. ____ trees will be planted in our city in 5 years.
A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Two thousand of
6. My brother is in____.
A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade One C. Grade first, Class Third
7. We are going to learn___ this term.
A. book six B. six book C. Book Six
8. Please turn to___. Let's read the text aloud.
A. Page Two B. the page two C. second page
9. He will come here ____ tomorrow morning.
A. at fifth B. at ten C. on two
10. He was doing some reading ____.
A. at eight yesterday morning B. yesterday morning eight C. yesterday morning at eight
11. He began to live there____.
A. on his fifty B. at age of fifty C. in his fifties
12 They moved to the USA _
A. in 1980s B. in the 1980 ' C. in the 1980s
13.She was ___ her early twenties when she became a movie star.
A. at B. on C. in
14. There are____ months in a year. December is the____month of the year.
A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twelve
15. Sunday is the____ day of the week.
A. seventh B. first C. second
16. Autumn is________ season in a year.
A. the fourth B. the third C. a third
17. -What's the da
展开阅读全文
浙ICP备2021020529号-1 | 浙B2-20240490 
