美国历史简介2市公开课一等奖百校联赛特等奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Introduction to British and American Culture,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Introduction to British and American Culture,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Introduction to British and American Culture,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Introduction to British and American Culture,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,welcome,History of the United States,第1页,Introduction,The Discovery of America,The War of Independence,The American Civil War,Westward Expansion,The Great Depression,Introduction to British and American Culture,第2页,The Discovery of America,Columbus,In 1492,Columbus landed at one of the Caribbean islands.,Columbus called the local people Indians.,Introduction to British and American Culture,第3页,Amerigo Vespucci,阿美利哥韦斯普奇（意大利航海家，商人，美洲新大陆以其命名为,America,）,He first confirmed the fact that a new continent had been discovered.,The New World was named America to honor Amerigo Vespucci.,Introduction to British and American Culture,第4页,The First Permanent English Colony,In 1607,Three ships crossed the Atlantic Ocean and landed by the side of a river-the James River.,The first English colony was founded at Jamestown,Virginia.,Introduction to British and American Culture,第5页,The Founding of the Thirteen Colonies,During the first 150 years,the British colonies in North America became a“melting pot”.,By the early 1760s,English settlers had established 13 colonies along the Atlantic coast.,Introduction to British and American Culture,第6页,The Birth of the United States,The Conflict between Britain and the American Colonists,The War of Independence,Introduction to British and American Culture,第7页,The Conflict between Britain and the American Colonists,Background,The British government started imposing new taxes on sugar,coffee and textiles(,纺织业,).,They passed many laws such as the Quartering Act and the Stamp Act(,印花税法,).,Introduction to British and American Culture,第8页,Boston Tea Party,波士顿倾茶事件,Background,In 1773,British government passed a new law-the Tea Act.,Slogan,“No taxation without representation”,Time,December 16,1773,Event,A group of Americans threw 342 boxes of tea into Boston Harbour(,波士顿港）,.,Introduction to British and American Culture,第9页,The War of Independence,Time,On October 19,1781,Result,The British soldiers were forced to surrender.,Consequences,George Washington became the first President.,The 4,th,of July became the national holiday of America-the Independence Day.,Introduction to British and American Culture,第10页,Complete a Timeline,1763:,The French and Indian War ended,1773:_,1774:,The First Continental Congress,1775:_,1776:_,1781:_,Boston Tea Party/Tea Act,The War of Independence began,Declaration of Independence was adopted,The War of Independence ended,Introduction to British and American Culture,第11页,The Declaration of Independence,On,July 4,1776,the,Second Continental Congress,officially declared independence and,formed the United States of America,by adopting the,Declaration of Independence,written by,Thomas Jefferson,（,托马斯,杰斐逊）,of Virginia.,(,July 4 is celebrated as the nations birthday,.),第12页,Westward Expansion “Manifest Destiny”,西进运动,1.The hardship of early pioneer settlers,Oregon,Trail (,俄勒冈小道,),The trip on foot took four to six months.,第13页,California Gold Rush,加州淘金者,People traveled to California in the search,for quick riches.The number of westward,migrants multiplied.,第14页,The American Civil War,南北战争,Northern vs.Southern,Abraham Lincoln,Introduction to British and American Culture,第15页,Northern vs.Southern,Three significant conflicts between the North and South of America.,The slave problem,Different economic interests,The political conflict,Major issue,Slavery,Introduction to British and American Culture,第16页,Northern vs.Southern,The Southern states,Claimed for themselves the Confederate States(or the Confederacy),Slavery,continued,The Northern States,Fought to maintain the Union,Called the Union States,Slavery had been abolished,Introduction to British and American Culture,第17页,Northern vs.Southern,Issues,Southern States,Northern States,Economy,Plantations,_,center,Slavery,_,Abolished,Political power,More powerful,_,powerful,Support,The Confederacy,_,Manufacturing,Continued,Less,The Union,Introduction to British and American Culture,第18页,Abraham Lincoln,March 1861-took the office of the president.,April 12,1861-the Civil War began.,September 22,1862-issued the,Emancipation,Proclamation,which granted freedom to about 4 million slaves.,Made a famous speech in Gettysburg.,Introduction to British and American Culture,第19页,The Civil War,on April 9,1865,The Civil War officially ended with the,unconditional,surrender of the South.,Consequence,It resolved two fundamental issues:,Slavery was completely abolished;,America became a single and stronger nation.,Introduction to British and American Culture,第20页,The Great Depression,In October 1929,the stock market crashed,marketing the beginning of the Great Depression.,During this time,the United States experienced,deflation,unemployment soared from 3%in 1929 to 25%in 1933,and,manufacturing output collapsed by one-third,.,Dorothea Langes,Migrant Mother,depicts destitute pea pickers in California,第21页,第22页,Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal,罗斯福新政,Hoovers response to the depression,President and Mrs.Roosevelt,“First of all,let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself,nameless,unreasoning,unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance.”,第23页,FDR and the Early Phases of the New Deal,To bring immediate relief to those who were suffering,Public Works Administration,Civil Works Administration,To bring the economy back to prosperity,Agricultural Adjustment Administration,Tennessee Valley Authority,To put safeguards in place so that the same situation would not occur again,Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation,Securities and Exchange Commission,The Second New Deal,The New Deal did not pull the nation out of the Great Depression However,it did substantially improve the lives of millions of people for both the short term and the long term.The programs of the New Deal would help stabilize the country and bring hope to millions.,第24页,US in the Second World Wars,After World War II,Became the strongest power in the world,Introduction to British and American Culture,第25页,World War II,Isolationism and Neutrality,First they came for the communists,and I didnt speak out because I wasnt a communist.Then they came for the trade unionists,and I didnt speak out because I wasnt a trade unionist.Then they came for the Jews,and I didnt speak out because I wasnt a Jew.Then they came for meand there was no one left to speak out for me.,Immediate Cause of Americas entrance into WWII,-the Japanese raid on the US Naval Base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii on December 7,1941,第26页,THANK YOU,第27页,