辽宁省沈阳市浑南区东北育才学校2023-2024学年高二下学期6月月考英语试题.docx

辽宁省沈阳市浑南区东北育才学校2023-2024学年高二下学期6月月考英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
The best science books inspire a sense of wonder and make you amazed at the incredible world we live in. Here are four of them to feed your imagination.
A Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill Bryson
How did it all begin? And how did we get here? Combining history and science, the book offers a comprehensive yet entertaining answer to these questions. Bill Bryson takes the reader on an impressive journey through the greatest scientific discoveries in history. It explains scientific topics in a vivid way, but it’s quite a long read.
Thing Explainer by Randall Munroe
How do helicopters work? Or cells? Randall Munroe explains how things work using illustrations and only the most common 1,000 words in English. It will shift your approach to explanation. So, next time explain how something works rather than merely call it by its name. However, additionally providing more technical terms might have enhanced the understanding and learning experience.
Ask an Astronaut by Tim Peake
What does it feel like to fly into space? How do you prepare for it? Astronaut Tim Peake answers all the questions you never knew about going into space. The book gives insights into the cutting-edge science, as well as the day-to-day life on board of the International Space Station. Its question and answer format makes it easy to quickly find answers, but it can become less appealing due to the lack of descriptive language.
Deep Time by Riley Black
Want to know the story of our planet? Riley Black takes us on a journey, in the order of time, through the geological (地质的) events that have shaped our planet. The fascinating high-quality images are supported by easily digestible explanations of key historical moments. It also expands on key concepts in geology, astronomy and biology. Yet, measuring the size of some objects on the photos is difficult due to the lack of a scale bar (比例尺).
1．Which book is organized in the format of question and answer?
A．A Short History of Nearly Everything. B．Thing Explainer.
C．Ask an Astronaut. D．Deep Time.
2．What’s a shortcoming of Thing Explainer?
A．It is rather too long. B．It is written in plain language.
C．It lacks technical terms. D．It fails to include clear images.
3．What do A Short History of Nearly Everything and Deep Time have in common?
A．They combine science and history. B．They feature vivid illustrations.
C．They introduce astronauts’ daily life. D．They entertain readers of all ages.

“Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World” by Cal Newport is an exploration of the challenges posed by our modern, digitally-driven environment and the strategies one can employ to achieve focused success. Newport researches the concept of deep work, emphasizing its critical role in an era marked by constant distractions.
The book addresses the common issue of information overload and the impact of shallow tasks on productivity. Newport argues that the ability to engage in deep, concentrated work is essential for success. The author supports his claims with research, including experiments comparing brain connectivity patterns during deep work and shallow tasks.
Newport’s work agrees with earlier studies, confirming that handwritten notes outperform (胜过) typed ones in academic performance. Beyond academia, Newport presents evidence of the cognitive (认知的) benefits of deep work.
The book provides practical strategies for integrating deep work into one’s professional life, advocating for routines and intentional changing of the brain to resist distractions. Newport introduces concepts like productive meditation (冥想) and the craftsman approach to tool selection, offering readers actionable advice to enhance their focus and productivity.
“Deep Work” has won widespread praise for its insights into productivity in a distracted world. Many praise Newport’s thorough research, combining neuroscience with practical advice. Readers appreciate the real-world examples, from Carl Jung’s focused mindset to a social media pioneer’s distraction-free writing journey.
In conclusion, “Deep Work” stands as a valuable guide for navigating the challenges of the digital age. Newport’s exploration of deep work as a catalyst (催化剂) for success, supported by research and concrete strategies, has left a lasting impact on how individuals approach their professional and personal lives. It serves as a timely reminder to prioritize focus and concentration in an era defined by constant connectivity and distractions.
4．What kind of writing is this passage?
A．A book review. B．An advertisement.
C．A science report. D．A psychological research.
5．How does Cal Newport support his claims about the benefits of deep work in the book?
A．By sharing personal experiences.
B．By providing practical strategies.
C．By doing experiments on brain connectivity.
D．By integrating deep work into one’s professional life
6．What does Newport advocate as a strategy in “Deep Work”?
A．Selective tools. B．Inflexible mind.
C．Changeable routines. D．Productive meditation.
7．What does the author want to tell us in the book?
A．Achieving success through focus.
B．The necessity of handwritten notes.
C．The drawbacks of constant connectivity.
D．An analysis of modern workforce challenges.

As to psychological well-being, the comfort zone is frequently perceived as a haven, a familiar location where individuals feel calm and peaceful. Pushing beyond this psychological state might have benefits.
The comfort zone can be understood as a behavioral metaphor. Within a comfort zone, an individual takes on a state of minimal anxiety without a perception of risk, responding predictably to deliver a consistent level of performance. These include behaviors that people do commonly, find relaxing, or that take them away from high-stress situations. Engaging in the same manner over time leads to a predictable and familiar zone of comfort. As creatures of habit, we become dependent on these routines that we know we can complete well to feel secure. However, by stepping outside of our comfort zone, we learn about our ability to handle new situations and control risks, leading to greater self-confidence, and lower levels of anxiety.
One study found that individuals who are more secure in stepping out of their comfort zone are more likely to be excited by and look forward to new experiences, feeling greater confidence in their ability to take them on.
One behavior that demonstrates the benefits of stepping out of a comfort zone is learning to play a musical instrument. When we consider actions outside of our comfort zone, we must assess our desire to engage in that activity. By weighing the pros and cons, we evaluate how uncomfortable a situation may seem, and whether the danger of entering such an unknown situation will be worth the risk.
Music offers a safe way to step out of your initial comfort zone because you can begin by practicing in an isolated setting, which offers a casual, safe way to build a new skill set. By picking up and practicing a new instrument, you have proven to yourself that you are capable of meeting an unfamiliar objective, thus decreasing anxiety.
8．What does the underlined word “haven” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A．Habitat. B．Shelter. C．Community. D．Destination.
9．Which will not be considered when we step out of our comfort zone?
A．We recall the old experience.
B．We think whether it is worth the risk.
C．We evaluate our thirsty for the activity.
D．We weigh the strengths and weaknesses.
10．What will be probably discussed in the following paragraph?
A．The definition of the comfort zone.
B．The importance of psychological well-being.
C．The process of learning a new musical instrument.
D．The benefits of stepping out of one’s comfort zone.
11．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．How to Identify Comfort Zone
B．Staying Inside Comfort Zone is Important
C．Stepping Outside Comfort Zone Promotes Learning
D．How to Take Yourself Away from High-stress Situations

There’re plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables available in local markets. But while those red juicy strawberries look fresh, consumers have no way of knowing how long the fruit can be stored at home. The same goes for distribution centers and supermarkets.
Now, the food technology startup OneThird, located in the Netherlands, is looking to change that with an infrared (红外线) scanner that can accurately predict how long fresh fruits and vegetables will last. The startup is named OneThird because one-third of food is wasted due to spoilage (变质) every year.
The startup’s founders were inspired by a UK company that uses this type of technology in the medical field and decided to see if it was applicable for food. “I looked at the challenges in the food-supply chain and found out that 40 percent of food waste is fresh produce. One of the biggest causes of waste is that nobody knows shelf life.” founder and CEO of OneThird, Marco Snikkers said.
Quality inspections at farms and distribution centers are done manually (手动地). An inspector checks the fruits and vegetables and makes notes about the size and quality. Then the food is sent to consumers without considering travel time or how long the produce will remain usable.
Using the infrared scanner at the distribution center means that inspectors can use the information to approve shipments that will ensure the produce can be distributed on a timely basis. This means that a shipment of rip e tomatoes will not be sent long distances away.
OneThird’s scanner combines the technology of optical scanners, image modeling, and Artificial Intelligence to provide accurate shelf-life predictions.
The startup found that the technology can reduce up to 25 percent produce waste that was caused by spoilage. “Global food waste has an enormous environmental impact; reducing global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food security,” said Jacob Smith, a climate expert from the University of Maine.
12．What problem does OneThird aim to solve?
A．The high cost of storing fresh fruits and vegetables.
B．Inefficient quality inspections at distribution centers.
C．Food waste caused by uncertainty about its shelf life.
D．Consumers’ difficulty judging the freshness of produce.
13．What inspired OneThird to come up with the idea of using infrared scanner?
A．The use of the device in another field. B．Observation of the food-supply chain.
C．Consumer demands for fresher produce. D．Experts’advice on food waste reduction.
14．What can we learn about the manual quality inspections?
A．They are time-consuming and costly. B．They are not performed at a regular time.
C．The inspectors tend to make wrong judgement. D．The shipping time is not taken into consideration.
15．What’s Jacob’s attitude to OneThird’s effort?
A．Approving. B．Doubtful. C．Tolerant. D．Dismissive.

Dogs have a different way of seeing the world compared to human beings. As a result of this, they heavily rely on their body language to pass their messages to people. 16 . You will be shocked at some of these signs from your dog, because believe it or not, there are some that you might have never thought of.
17 when you see your dog raising its paw. This is a behavior displayed mostly by puppies and other small dogs. Whenever puppies want to eat, they will raise their paws or put them out for their mother. So when it does the same to you, it just means they need some attention and affection.
If you pay close attention to your dog, you will notice that at some point it will curl up just like a fox. In such cases, the paws will be curled up underneath their bodies and their tail will be well wrapped around them. This shows that the dog is probably feeling cold. Curling up helps them keep more body heat. 18 .
19 . But unfortunately this mostly means that the dog lacks some important nutrients. It could also mean that they are trying to digest their food well considering how fibrous（含纤维的） grass is. You should also be very careful because this could also indicate that your dog has worms in their intestines（肠道） or is dehydrated and it is trying to get water from the grass. 20 .
A．Dogs may sometimes be grass-eating animals
B．Eating grass is not the most uncommon thing for a dog
C．Read the text to find out more on what your dog is trying to tell you
D．It’s a sign that they want to play or simply need something from you
E．You may feel the joy of your dog or feel it cute to see such baby-like gesture
F．If this happens a lot, take your dog to the vet to ensure their safety
G．If you see your dog doing this, throw a blanket over them to help them feel warmer

二、完形填空
I never met a more interesting man than Mayhew, a lawyer, in Detroit. By 35 he had a good 21 ; a cute brain and an attractive 22 . There was no reason why he should not become, financially or politically, a(n) 23 in the land.
One evening he was drinking with friends. One had recently come from Italy and told them of a house on the hill, 24 the Bay of Naples. He 25 to them the beauty of the most beautiful island in the Mediterranean.
Mayhew sent an email, wanting to buy the house. The next day the 26 came back. The offer was accepted. Mayhew made no secret of the fact that he would never have done so 27 a thing if he had not drunk, but he did not regret it. He made up his mind to do 28 as he had said. He did not 29 wealth and he had enough money on which to live in Italy.
He had no 30 plan. He merely wanted to get away from his current life. He determined to write a history about the Roman Empire. He began to collect 31 books and soon he had a large library. He worked harder, ready to sit down to 32 . He died. His memory is 33 in the hearts of fewer friends. As the years pass on and to the world, he is unknown. And yet to me his life was a 34 . He did what he wanted, and he died when his 35 was in sight.
21．A．case B．chance C．reputation D．business
22．A．pose B．voice C．fashion D．personality
23．A．power B．energy C．strength D．nobody
24．A．blocking B．surrounding C．overlooking D．monitoring
25．A．reported B．explained C．described D．announced
26．A．offer B．reply C．letter D．notice
27．A．wild B．urgent C．demanding D．awkward
28．A．actually B．exactly C．formally D．casually
29．A．ask for B．search for C．call for D．care about
30．A．random B．effective C．undetailed D．definite
31．A．classic B．related C．unique D．contemporary
32．A．write B．study C．imagine D．record
33．A．explored B．treasured C．forgotten D．discussed
34．A．show B．failure C．success D．surprise
35．A．goal B．glory C．progress D．dignity

三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Early risers are people who naturally wake up early in the morning. Thei