船舶压载舱和饮淡水舱涂装施工工艺规范.docx

船舶压载舱和饮淡水舱涂装施工工艺规范1 范围本规范规定了压载舱和饮淡水舱涂装施工的工艺准备、人员、工艺要求、工艺过程、检验及安全措施。本规范适用于各类新建船舶的压载舱和饮淡水舱涂装施工作业，修船亦可参照使用。2 规范性引用文件GB5369-1985船舶饮水舱涂料通用技术条件Q/SWS 42-014-2003船舶二次除锈通用工艺规范Q/SWS 42-017-2003船舶膜厚管理规范Q/SWS 42-030-2003船舶涂装通用工艺规范3术语和定义下列术语和定义适用于本规范：3.1爆炸下限（LEL）空气中的溶剂蒸汽可被点燃的最低浓度。3.2过喷涂油漆喷涂到不准备喷涂的表面上。3.3干喷通常临近的部位进行喷漆时，涂料的粒子黏附在先前干燥的涂层表面上，呈现多卵石状的表面。4工艺准备4.1施工图样及相关工艺技术文件。4.2涂装工具a)冲砂工具及相关设备；b)动力打磨工具；c)漆刷、滚筒；d)涂料、溶剂、清洁剂；e)喷漆设备；f)照明灯具、通风设备； g)压敏胶等。5人员5.1操作人员和检验人员应具备专业知识，并经过相关专业培训、考试或考核取得合格证书，方可上岗操作。5.2操作人员和检验人员应熟悉本规范要求，并严格遵守工艺纪律和现场安全操作规程。6工艺要求6.1施工环境6.1.1相对湿度在85%以上时，必须通知油漆制造商并与其磋商可否进行施工。6.1.2钢板表面温度至少高于露点温度3时才能进行喷砂或油漆施工。 6.1.3钢板表面温度低于3或高于45的时候不能进行喷涂作业；当钢板表面温度超过35时应在油漆制造商的指导下采取有关措施方可进行喷涂作业。6.2脚手架6.2.1管状脚手架不应与被涂装表面接触，所用管架要使用橡胶或木塞封堵管子两端，以防止砂丸和灰尘进入。6.2.2脚手架应能满足施工安全要求，并与被涂表面的垂直面距离为1530厘米。脚手架的布局不应降低通风效率。6.2.3脚手架应设计成能够彻底清洁的形式，推荐使用可翻转的形式。6.2.4每层脚手架的距离不应超过2米。6.2.5专为搭设脚手架而安装的马脚等尽可能采用不锈钢材料，如采用普通钢材应按饮淡水舱要求除锈涂装。6.2.6拆除脚手架时应尽量小心，避免油漆涂层被破坏。6.3通风6.3.1通风系统必须是防爆型的。6.3.2在喷砂过程中，应使用通风软管以使通风位置与喷砂工之间的距离合适。6.3.3通风系统应布置合理，不应有“死角”的存在。在施工和油漆干燥过程中，应维持通风。6.3.4通风系统必须保证挥发溶剂浓度不超过爆炸下限（LEL）的10。最小的通风量应按照RAQ（需要的通风量）来计算，并参照MSDS（材料安全数据手册）和油漆喷涂速率，计算式为：通风量（m3/minute）RAQ油漆喷涂速率（L/minute）。一般来说，油漆喷涂速率为75100升/小时人，RAQ及LEL的数值根据使用的不同油漆产品由油漆厂商确认。6.3.5油漆施工完毕后还应维持通风，直至测爆合格。6.3.6在施工中，为了将可能发生的过喷涂、干喷减到最少，可以将通风量维持在一个较低的水平，通风量和油漆喷涂应达到一个平衡以使挥发的溶剂含量低于爆炸下限（LEL）的10。6.3.7在操作中，通风设备在用电方面必须是安全的。6.3.8舱内的压力应该维持比大气压力高，以免通风设备将磨料、灰尘、挥发性溶剂带入到舱中。6.3.9通风设备必须24小时监督。6.4施工前表面要求6.4.1钢材表面必须干燥。6.4.2清除各种污染物，主要的污染物有：土和灰、油和油脂、粉笔印、密性试验时的去污剂、化学污渍等。6.5表面清洁要求：表面需干燥清洁，所有的表面应无磨料、灰尘、油、化学残留物等。6.6结构表面缺陷处理的内容、要求及具体方法按Q/SWS 42-030-2003船舶涂装通用工艺规范的规定。6.7二次除锈处理的内容、要求及具体方法按Q/SWS 42-030-2003船舶涂装通用工艺规范的规定。6.7.1分段阶段船体分段装焊、校正结束，分段进行预舾装，安装管路支架后，即进行分段二次除锈。视其不同等级要求，除锈可选用喷丸（砂）或动力工具打磨等方法。喷丸（砂）一般在喷丸（砂）工场内进行。喷涂前分段大接头250300毫米的区域用车间底漆保护，并在每度油漆喷涂时留出150毫米的间隔，以便能准确区分每度油漆。6.7.2后阶段当船坞大合拢装焊、校正结束，并经密性试验后，即进行二次除锈，一般采用动力钢丝盘、砂盘打磨或喷砂除锈达到规定等级。6.8 预涂处理的内容、要求及具体方法按Q/SWS 42-030-2003船舶涂装通用工艺规范的规定。6.9涂层外观要求，被涂物表面光洁、色泽一致，干膜层应无流挂、龟裂、露底、漏涂等现象。6.10饮淡水舱所采用油漆材料应符合GB5369-1985船舶饮水舱涂料通用技术条件。6.11膜厚检验涂层膜厚的检验按Q/SWS 42-017-2003船舶膜厚管理规范的有关规定进行。7工艺过程7.1清除飞溅，打磨锐边及不平整表面等。7.2清洁，必要时使用水或者清洁剂以除去钢材表面的污染物。7.3二次除锈，施工过程及检验按Q/SWS 42-014-2003船舶二次除锈通用工艺规范的规定。7.4清洁，清除表面残留的灰尘、污渍及其它污染物。7.5检验，标记出所有未达到要求的区域并进行修补。7.6对不需要涂装的密性焊缝和舾装件等进行包扎保护。7.7预涂，对于焊缝、流水孔、加强筋反面等不平整表面或者难以喷涂的地方建议使用漆刷进行预先涂装，而对于自由边等规则表面则可使用辊筒进行预涂。7.8喷涂油漆。7.8.1除了预涂时可使用刷子和滚筒以外，喷涂施工应使用高压无气喷涂。应注意避免过喷而产生流挂，保证油漆足以覆盖待涂装表面及足够的膜厚。7.8.2油漆施工前应保证充分的搅拌。7.8.3每一道喷涂路径都应互相重叠并且按照统一的行程进行。7.8.4喷嘴的尺寸应当符合油漆施工的有关要求，喷嘴应完好，不漏。7.8.5外部暴露处的钢质舾装件和管路都应进行表面处理并涂装同周围环境一样配套的油漆。7.8.6应该遵守油漆制造商对具体油漆的复涂间隔期的要求。船厂和油漆制造商应在每个待涂装区域标记油漆施工的时间，并进行相应的书面记录。7.8.7如果超过了油漆的复涂间隔期，在所有受影响的相关区域均应用砂皮或砂盘拉毛，并且在得到了油漆制造商的认可以后才能进行喷涂施工。7.8.8除了事先经过认可或确信实际操作可行，在得到认可（如：先上一半后下一半）之前不应进行局部分段的表面处理和喷涂作业。7.8.9在喷涂作业期间和喷涂后，应保证良好的通风以保证油漆的在预定时间内完全干燥。不允许在油漆未干之前就进行复涂。7.8.10最后一度油漆施工后，在油漆充分干燥前饮淡水舱内不得充水以保证油漆中的溶剂完全挥发出来。7.9压水试验8检验8.1表面清洁状况检查二次除锈及每度油漆前均要检查表面清洁状况。8.2二次除锈及涂装前的检验二次除锈检验过程中应检查下列内容：a） 表面清洁状况；b） 表面粗糙度；c） 表面除锈等级；d） 钢板上的所有的漏焊、较深的缺陷等都被修正；e） 所有不需要油漆的部位的包扎保护。8.3涂装油漆检验过程中应检查下列内容a） 涂层表面状况；b） 预涂；c） 干膜厚度检测，按Q/SWS 42-017-2003船舶膜厚管理规范的规定；d） 检验舱内所有烧损处，特别是分段大接头焊缝、管路沿线和脚手搭设处等。油漆完工交验时还应检查下列内容：a）检验由于管子安装和脚手架拆除引起的机械损伤和通道里的油漆裂缝；应得到了适当的修补。b）所有的杂物都应被清理出舱；c）管子接头和管子支架处的手工焊缝被正确除锈并涂装；d）在后阶段应检验所有压敏胶保护的区域得到适当的表面处理和涂装。8.4 饮淡水舱压水试验整舱海水存放至少24小时，如采用淡水存放至少48小时。9 安全注意事项9.1 严禁与明火立体作业。9.2 作业场所要有良好的通风环境。9.3 脚手架的搭设要符合安全要求。9.4 狭小舱室应遵守双人操作监护制。9.5 每次作业完应做到“工完、料尽、场地清”。（英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. and revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines and column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the partys leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the and , reflects the partys 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the partys eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of in based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. is in 1997 based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to and the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, and revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the partys eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised and , highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent and . Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules. the revision of the and is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue de, mainly refers to the partys ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the closely linked to the self-discipline, insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the vital few, emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a negative list, emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the partys eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the and modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the self-discipline, removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, eight prohibition 52 are not allowed to about the content of the negative list moved into synchronization amendment . Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National Peoples solemn commitment.