初中英语词根词缀知识点.docx

1. -act-词根前缀/后缀单词act（做）to dore-= back回reactv（对作出反应）inter-:在之间interactv相互交流-ive:性质的activeadj积极的-or:人actorn男演员；行动者-ress:人（女性）actressn女演员-ion:行为actionn行动；行为-u; al =的actualadj实际的；真实的ex- = out出exactadj精确的2.-ceive-,-cept-词根前缀/后缀单词-ceive-（取）to takere- = back回receivev收到；受到de- = away from离deceivev欺骗词根前缀/后缀单词-cept-（取）to takeac-:来acceptv接受con-:共同conceptn概念ex- = out外exceptconj & prep除外re- = back回receiptn收据re- = back 回；-ion行为receptionn接待；欢迎3.-cess-,ceed词根前缀/后缀单词-cess-（走）to goac-:到accessn通道；入口pro-:向前processn过程；进程suc- (sub-) = from under自下而上successn成功词根前缀/后缀单词-ceed-（走）to gosuc- (sub-) = from under自下而上succeedv取得成功4.-clud-词根前缀/后缀单词-clud-（关闭）to shut or closecon- (com-) = thoroughly 完全地；-e动词词尾concludev正式用语结束；推断出in- = in 内；-e动词词尾includev包括；包含ex- = out外；-e动词词尾excludev不包括5.-cre-,-creas-,-cret-词根前缀/后缀单词-cre-（生长）to grow-ate = to make使createv创造-ate = to make 使；-ive:性质的creativeadj有创造力的-ate = to make使，-ure:的人/动物creaturen生物词根前缀/后缀单词-creas-（生长）to growin- = into 成；-e动词词尾increasev增加de- = downward 向下；-e动词词尾decreasev（使）减少词根前缀/后缀单词-cret-（生长）to growcon- = together 一起；-e concreten混凝土6. -dic(t)-词根前缀/后缀单词-dic(t)-（说）to saypre-:预先predictv预言；预计in-= towards对；-ate:使indicatev指示；指出contra- = against对抗contradictv否认；反驳-ion = the manner of 行为；-ary = thing物dictionaryn词典7.-duc-,-duct-词根前缀/后缀单词-duc-（引导）to leadpro-:向前；-e动词词尾producev生产re-:向后；-e动词词尾reducev缩减；减少intro- = into 进入；-e动词词尾introducev介绍词根前缀/后缀单词-duct-（引导）to leadcon-(com-) = completely表加强词义conductv正式用语引导；带领e- (ex-) = out of 从出来；-ate:使educatev（在学校）教育8.-fact-,-fect-词根前缀/后缀单词-fact-（做）to do or makefact =anythingdone做过的事情factn事实-or = thing物factorn因素-ory = place场所factoryn工厂词根前缀/后缀单词-fect-（做）to do or makeaf- (-ad-) =upon在之上affectv影响ef- (-ex) = out出effectn作用；影响in- = into进入infectv传染；染上per- = throughout彻底perfectadj完美的9.-fer-词根前缀/后缀单词-fer-（拿；带；负）to carry, to bring, to bearof- (ob-) = towards向offerv给予re- = back:回refer(.) to谈到；提到pre- = before:在之前preferv更喜欢suf- (sub-) = under在之下sufferv遭受dif- (dis-) = apart离开differv不同in- = in入inferv推断-ry:行为ferryn渡船trans- = across越过transferv转移10.-fin-词根前缀/后缀单词-fin-（末尾；界限）end, limit-ish (-ise):导致；使finishv结束；完成-al = of:的finaladj最后的；最终的de- = down 下；-e动词词尾definev确定的界限；给下定义-efinen罚金11.-form-词根前缀/后缀单词-form-（形状；使成形）shape, to form-al:的formaladj正式的uni-:单一uniformn制服in- = into入informv正式用语通知；告诉per- = thoroughly彻底地performv做；履行；执行re- = again再reformv改革trans- = across到另一方transformv使变形；使改变12.-ject-词根前缀/后缀单词-ject-（投掷）to throwin-= into入injectv注入；注射ob-:在面前objectn物体pro-:向前projectn项目sub-:在之下subjectn主题re-:回rejectv拒绝；排斥13.-lect-词根前缀/后缀单词-lect-（收集；挑选；诵读）to gather, to pick, to readcol- (com-) =completely表加强词义collectv收集；采集se-:分离selectv挑选；精选e- (ex) = out出electv选举；推选neg- = no不neglectv忽视-ure:的行为lecturen(尤指大学中的)讲座；讲课14.-port-词根前缀/后缀单词-port-（拿；运）to carryre- = back回reportv报告；汇报；报道ex- = out出exportv出口im- (in-) =入importv进口trans- = across, fromto越过transportv运输-able:可的portableadj便于携带的sup- (-sub) = underneath在下supportv支撑15.-press-词根前缀/后缀单词-press-（压）to pressim- (in-) = in进impressv给留下极深的印象ex- = out出expressv表达de- = down下depressv使抑郁；使沮丧-ure:的行为pressuren压力Tips:词根-press-的造词功能特别强，加上不同的词缀可以构成不同的新词。压（press）进（im）去即为impress（给留下极深的印象）；压（press）出（ex）来即为express（表达）；向下（de）压 （press）为depress（使抑郁；使沮丧）；压（press）的行为（ure）即为pressure（压力）。16.-serv-词根前缀/后缀单词-serv-（保持）to keepob-:向前；-e动词词尾observev观察；察觉到；遵守（法律、习俗等）；举行（仪式）re- = back回；-e动词词尾reservev保留pre- :预先；-e动词词尾preservev保护；保存Tips:高频多义词observe的各层释义如观察；察觉到；遵守（法律、习俗等）；举行（仪式）等都含有“保持”的意思，而“保持”恰恰是该词的词根义。所以，词根可以决定单词的意思，其在英语词汇学习中起着非常重要的作用。词根前缀/后缀单词-serv-（服务）to serve-e动词词尾servev服务-ice =名词词尾servicen服务de- = down to the bottom or thoroughly 彻底地；-e动词词尾deservev应受17.vid-,vis-词根前缀/后缀单词-vid-（看见）to seee- (ex-) = out 出；-ent = ing的evidentadj明显的pro- = beforehand 事先；-e动词词尾providev提供di- (-dis) = apart 分开；-e动词词尾dividev划分词根前缀/后缀单词-vis-（看见）to see-it = to go去visitv游览；参观-ible:可的visibleadj看得见的-ion:状态visionn视力tele-:电视的；-ion:状态televisionn电视机ad- = togo 去；-e动词词尾advisev劝告；建议re- = again 再；-e动词词尾revisev复习；温习18.-rupt-词根前缀/后缀单词-rupt-（破）to breakinter- = between在中间interruptv打断；打扰e- (ex-) = out出eruptv（火山、喷泉等） 喷发bank = bench（钱商的）板凳bankruptadj破产的19.-sist-词根前缀/后缀单词-sist-（站立）to standas- (ad-) = to, at在assistv帮助；协助re-= against对抗resistv抗拒ex- = out出来existv存在in- = upon在上insistv坚持20.-spect-词根前缀/后缀单词-spect-（看）to lookex- = out出来expectv期望re- = back回respectv尊重；尊敬in- = into入inspectv仔细检查sus- (sub-)= underneath在下面suspectv猜想；怀疑