外国语言学业务1+业务2.docx

天津外国语学院
2009年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试样题
考试科目：基础英语+汉语
（外国语言学及应用语言学）
（考试时间180分钟 总分150分）

I. Structure and Vocabulary (30 points)
Section A
Directions:
Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (10 points)
1. Don’t be too hard on him; he’s doing the job__________.

A. as good as he can
B. as well he could

C. as best he can
D. as best as he could

2. _________his carelessness, the electric motor was damaged.

A. In spite of
B. Regardless of

C. In case of
D. On account of

3. You will be liable __________a heavy fine if you do that.

A. for
B. to
C. at
D. into

4. I seldom watch television, _________.

A. so does my brother
B. my brother is too
C. my brother doesn’t too
D. nor does my brother
5. I can go myself but I would sooner you __________.

A. will go
B. went
C. go
D. had gone

6. The housing problem of the company is believed _________at the meeting of the board last Friday.

A. to have discussed
B. to have been discussed

C. to be discussed
D. having been discussed

7. He insisted _________with him because he felt lonely in the small isolated village.

A. in my staying
B. me to stay
C. that I am staying
D. that I stay

8. I don’t think Mr. Yang will come here again today. Please give these two tickets to _______comes here first.

A. whomever
B. whom

C. who
D. whoever

9. He ran as fast as he could lest he _______the train.

A. miss
B. might miss

C. would miss
D. should not miss

10. He knows little of mathematics, _________ of chemistry.

A. as well as
B. and still less

C. no less than
D. and still more

SectionB
Directions:
Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (20 points)
11. Some of his suggestions have been adopted but others have been turned ________as they are quite impracticable.

A. away
B. back
C. out
D. down

12. Medical statistics show that smoking is injurious __________people’s health and can cause lung cancer.

A. with
B. to
C. for
D. in

13. ____________all advice he started to climb the mountain during the storm.

A. Contrary to
B. On the contrary

C. To the contrary
D. In contrast to
14. Apart from those three very cold weeks in January, it has been a very _____ winter.

A. plain
B. soft
C. mild
D. calm

15. I like to go to the cinema when I am in the _______ for it.

A. motive
B. mind
C. mood
D. notion

16. There is real concern that food supplies will not be __________ to feed the increasing world population.

A. sufficient
B. satisfactory
C. equal
D. effective

17. You must obtain __________ from the landowner to fish in this river.

A. freedom
B. permission
C. right
D. allowance

18. Since his retirement, Peter Smith, who was ________ a teacher, has written four novels.

A. afterwards
B. usually
C. already
D. formerly

19. It takes a lot of ________ to put on a school play such as Hamlet.

A. arrangement
B. management
C. organization
D. programme
20. These figures give a rough guide to the cost of ________ your car.

A. handling
B. keeping
C. managing
D. running
21. On Sunday the business centre of the city was usually quite ________.

A. vanished
B. deserted
C. abandoned
D. abolished

22. In today’s paper, it ________that there will be a new government soon.

A. tells
B. states
C. writes
D. records

23. Whenever anything ________ happens, a crowd of people is certain to gather.

A. noted
B. sensational
C. well-known
D. emotional

24. When I came through the Customs at the airport, I had to pay _______ on a clock I had bought.

A. taxes
B. duty
C. fines
D. rates

25. After a long delay I finally got _______ to writing the letter.

A. round
B. over
C. on
D. off
26. It was after dark when the two children were both _______ on the safety-crossing by a lorry.

A. knocked down
B. knocked out

C. run across
D. run out

27. He knows so much about the stars that I am sure it would be impossible to find his _______.

A. similar
B. equal
C. likeness
D. sample

28. After closing the envelope, the secretary ________ the stamps on firmly.

A. licked
B. sucked
C. stuck
D. struck

29. Children don’t have to cross busy streets which are full of ___ .

A. circulation
B. movement
C. traffic
D. buses
30. One of the attractive features of the course was the way the practical work had been ________ with the theoretical aspects of the subject.

A. embraced
B. adjusted
C. alternated
D. integrated

II．Cloze Test (10 points)
Directions:
For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.
Inventions are the result of man’s curiosity about the world around him and of the desire to meet an expressed need. It was a need for more __31__ building materials that __32__ man to invent bricks about 4000 B.C. It was probably simply __33__ that resulted in the invention of the wheel around 3000 B.C. The 34__ of the invention of the bow and arrow has been __35__ in time, but it is fairly__36__ that it was for the purpose of providing man__37__ a quicker and surer means of killing animals for food. We __38__ thousands of things today as commonplace, __39__at one time the world did not have them. They all have to be invented.
Inventers, who are curious and at the same time see needs, bring their __40__and the necessary materials together to produce something new—something that has not existed before—an invention.

31. A. durable
B. available
C. bearable
D. desirable
32. A. made
B. led
C. allowed
D. tempted
33. A. opportunity
B. possibility
C. curiosity
D. capacity

34. A. aim
B. design
C. moment
D. date

35. A. missed
B. lost
C. removed
D. dropped

36. A. certain
B. sure
C. exact
D. right

37. A. for
B. to
C. with
D. by

38.A. took up
B. looked upon
C. dwelt on
D. turned out

39. A. but
B. and
C. still
D. for

40. A. ideals
B. views
C. opinions
D. ideas

III．Reading Comprehension (40 points)
Directions:
Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked A, B, C and D. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.
Passage 1
Thousands of years ago man used handy rocks for his surgical operations. Later he used sharp bone or horn, metal knives and more recently, rubber and plastic. And that was where we stuck, in surgical instrument terms, for many years. In the 1960s a new tool was developed, one which was, first of all, to be of great practical use to the armed forces and industry, but which was also, in time, to revolutionize the art and science of surgery.
The tool is the laser and it is being used by more and more surgeons all over the world for a very large number of different complaints. The word “laser” means: Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. As we all know, light is hot; any source of light—from the sun itself down to a humble match burning—will give warmth. But light is usually spread out over a wide area. The light in a laser beam, however, is concentrated. This means that a light with no more than that produced by an ordinary electric bulb becomes intensely strong as it is concentrated to a pinpoint-sized beam.
Experiments with these pinpoint beams showed researchers that different energy sources produce beams that have a particular effect on certain living cells．It is now possible for eye surgeons to operate on the back of the human eye without harming the front of the eye，simply by passing a laser beam right through the eyeball．No knives, no stitches, no unwanted damage—a true surgical wonder.
Operations which left patients exhausted and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable. So much more difficult operations can now be tried.
The rapid development of laser techniques in the past ten years has made it clear that the future is likely to be very exciting. Perhaps some cancers will be treated with laser in a way that makes surgery not only safer but more effective．Altogether, tomorrow may see more and more information coming to light on the diseases which can be treated medically．
41. Up till the 1960s the instruments used to perform surgical operations were_____.

A. fashionable
B. extraordinary
C. special
D. basic

42. After the development of the laser in the 1960s, we find that_____.
A. medical help became available for industrial workers
B. the study of art went through a complete revolution
C. more and more surgeons began to use surgical instruments
D. man's whole approach to surgery changed completely
43. Surgeons can now carry out operations which_____.
A．can be performed successfully only on the human eye
B．result in long periods of recovery time for patients
C．are made much more complicated by using the laser beam
D．result in very little damage to the patients themselves
44. The rapid development of laser techniques has meant that _____.
A. in another ten years we shall be able to cure cancer
B. surgery is likely to improve considerably
C．we shall be able to treat all the diseases we suffer from
D．we are now able to treat most forms of cancer
Passage 2
Television now plays such an important part in so many people's lives that it is essential for us to try to decide whether it is a blessing or a curse．Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages. But do the former outweigh the latter?
In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment. but also a comparatively cheap one．For a family of four, for example, it is more convenient as well as cheaper to sit comfortably at home，with particularly unlimited entertainment available, than to go out in search for amusement elsewhere．There is no transport to arrange．They do not have to find a baby-sitter．They do not have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema, the opera or the ballet，only to discover, perhaps, that the show is a rotten one. All they have to do is to turn a knob, and they can see plays，films, operas and shows of every kind, not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match．Some people, however, maintain that this is precisely where the danger lies. The television viewer need do nothing. He does not even use his legs. He takes no initiative. He makes no choice and exercises no judgment. He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort on his part.
Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programs which are both instructive and stimulating. The most distant countries and the strangest customs are brought right into one's sitting-room. It could be argued that the radio performs this service just as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real. Yet here again there is a danger: The television screen itself has a terrible，almost physical fascination for us. We get so used to looking at its movement, so dependent on its flickering (闪烁的) pictures, that it begins to dominate our lives. A friend of mine told me the other day that his television set had broken down and that he and his family had suddenly found that they had far more time to do things, and that they had actually begun to talk to each other again．It makes one think, doesn't it?
There are many other arguments for and against television. The poor quality of its programs is often criticized. But it is undoubtedly a great comfort to many lonely elderly people．And does it corrupt or instruct our children? I think we must realize that television in itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to society.
45. Television plays an important part in people's lives because _____.
A. film industry is declining
B. there are many commercials on television
C. television is a convenient and cheap source of entertainment
D. it is difficult and expensive to buy movie tickets
46. Some people are against television because_____.
A. television sets are expensive
B. television entertainment is limited
C. there are too many political discussions on television
D. the television viewers are completely passive
47. The other day, when his television set failed to work, he and his family suddenly found_____.
A. they were at a loss (困惑不解) what to do
B. they had more time to do things
C. they could fix it
D. they talked to each other no more
48. Which of the following statements is not true?
A. People often criticize the poor quality of the programs on TV.
B. Television is good for those lonely old people.
C. Television does nothing but harm to children.
D. On television everything becomes much more living.
IV．English-Chinese Translation (15 points)
Directions:
Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese
As civilization proceeds in the direction of technology, it passes the point of supplying all the basic essentials of life—food, shelter, clothes, and warmth. (49) Then we are faced with a choice between using technology to provide and fulfill needs which have hitherto been regarded as unnecessary or, on the other hand, using technology to reduce the number of hours of work which a man must do in order to earn a given standard of living. In other words, we either raise our standard of living above that necessary for comfort and happiness or we leave it at this level and work shorter hours. I shall take it as axiomatic (=assumed to be true without proof) that mankind has, by that time, chosen the latter alternative. Men will be working shorter hours in their paid employment. It follows that the house-wife will also expect to be able to have more leisure in her life without lowering her standard of living. It also follows that human domestic servants will have completely ceased to exist．(50)Yet the great majority of the housewives will wish to be relieved completely from the routine operations of the home such as scrubbing the floors or