dtFGB法船体曲面板高效焊接工艺方法.doc

说 明 书 摘 要本发明公开了一种船体曲面板高效焊接工艺方法，其包括以下步骤：S1、曲面板胎位布置阶段：将若干曲面板分布在胎架上，按照严格的精度要求进行定位，并对焊缝进行点焊固定；S2、焊接前期准备阶段：焊缝V型坡口的角度要按照一定要求，坡口附近20mm区域清理干净。两块板焊缝底部距离按要求严格控制。引熄弧板要安装好，另外对于预热温度的规定要求是当周围环境温度低于0时需要进行预热；S3、衬垫安装以及焊缝布置阶段：焊接试板装配完成之后要按照要求进行衬垫的安装及铁粉的铺设；S4、焊接过程阶段：焊接过程中要注意按要求控制焊接电流、电压和焊接速度等参数，焊后需让板冷却6小时。本发明大大缩短了船体曲面板拼板焊接周期，可以将大量的减少辅助焊接工具的使用；同时提高了焊接自动化率，减少了人力资源的浪费。52权 利 要 求 书1、一种船体总段移位方法，其特征在于，其包括以下步骤：S1、曲面板胎位布置阶段：将若干曲面板分布在胎架上，按照严格的精度要求进行定位，并对焊缝进行点焊固定；S2、焊接前期准备阶段：焊缝V型坡口的角度要按照一定要求，坡口附近20mm区域清理干净。两块板焊缝底部距离按要求严格控制。引熄弧板要安装好，另外对于预热温度的规定要求是当周围环境温度低于0时需要进行预热；S3、衬垫安装以及焊缝布置阶段：焊接试板装配完成之后要按照要求进行衬垫的安装及铁粉的铺设；S4、焊接过程阶段：焊接过程中要注意按要求控制焊接电流、电压和焊接速度等参数，焊后需让板冷却6小时。2、如权利要求1所述的船体曲面板焊接工艺方法，其特征在于，步骤S2中，通常坡口形式为V型坡口，角度为40o。焊件装配时板材必须放平整，装配间隙最大不能超过3mm。采用尺寸为250mm300mm的弹性引熄弧板，板厚与母材相同或正负2mm以内。3、如权利要求1所述的船体曲面板焊接工艺方法，其特征在于，步骤S3中，所述FGB法选用的衬垫必须是专用的、特殊的衬垫。在安装衬垫时，需要特别注意衬垫与焊接试板的背面紧密粘合，并且衬垫与衬垫的衔接处应相互无间隙。铁粉铺设的厚度约小于板厚2mm。4、如权利要求1所述的船体曲面板焊接工艺方法，其特征在于，步骤S4中，对不同的板厚，需要采用不同的焊接参数，FGB法采用的焊丝直径4.5mm，电流为900A以上。5、如权利要求1所述的船体曲面板焊接工艺方法，其特征在于，所述移位装置为埋弧自动焊小车。说 明 书FGB法船体曲面板高效焊接工艺方法技术领域本发明涉及一种高效焊接工艺方法，特别是涉及船体小曲率曲面板的拼板焊接。背景技术随着我国焊接技术的迅速发展，各大企业不断推广自动化焊接来提高自身的生产质量和效率，因此各行各业对于高质量、高效率自动化焊接技术的需求也就越来越迫切。众所周知，在造船业的船体曲面结构建造中，因受胎架条件的限制，通常不能把工件进行翻转施工，大多采用CO2陶质衬垫单面焊双面成形来完成，这种方法由于受焊接变形、焊工技能、焊接材料及性能等多种因素的影响，存在着焊工劳动强度相对较大、耗费工时多，质量可靠性与焊工技能关联大，辅助材料多等实际情况。FGB（Flexible Glassfiber backing）法埋弧自动焊系全自动高效焊接工艺，克服了以往老工艺中因背面需要手工碳刨操作带来的人为的不稳定因素，故而具有焊接质量稳定，焊接成形美观、生产效率高等明显的优点。发明内容本发明要解决的技术问题是为了克服现有技术中船舶曲面板拼板焊接占用胎位周期长、成本高效率低的缺陷，提供一种低成本高效率的全自动化的船体曲面板高效焊接工艺方法。本发明是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题的：一种船体总段移位方法，其特点在于，其包括以下步骤：S1、曲面板胎位布置阶段：将若干曲面板分布在胎架上，按照严格的精度要求进行定位，并对焊缝进行点焊固定；S2、焊接前期准备阶段：焊缝V型坡口的角度要按照一定要求，坡口附近20mm区域清理干净。两块板焊缝底部距离按要求严格控制。引熄弧板要安装好，另外对于预热温度的规定要求是当周围环境温度低于0时需要进行预热；S3、衬垫安装以及焊缝布置阶段：焊接试板装配完成之后要按照要求进行衬垫的安装及铁粉的铺设；S4、焊接过程阶段：焊接过程中要注意按要求控制焊接电流、电压和焊接速度等参数，焊后需让板冷却6小时。其中，步骤S2中，通常坡口形式为V型坡口，角度为40o。焊件装配时板材必须放平整，装配间隙最大不能超过3mm。采用尺寸为250mm300mm的弹性引熄弧板，板厚与母材相同或正负2mm以内。其中，步骤S3中，所述FGB法选用的衬垫必须是专用的、特殊的衬垫。在安装衬垫时，需要特别注意衬垫与焊接试板的背面紧密粘合，并且衬垫与衬垫的衔接处应相互无间隙。铁粉铺设的厚度约小于板厚2mm。其中，步骤S4中，对不同的板厚，需要采用不同的焊接参数，FGB法采用的焊丝直径4.5mm，电流为900A以上。其中，所述焊接装置为埋弧自动焊小车。本发明的积极进步效果在于：本发明大幅减少船体曲面板材焊接装配过程中用来定位的临时马板的使用，提升自动化焊接率，减少焊后打磨修整工作量，从而减低人员劳动强度，缩短胎位周期，进而实现降低生产成本，提高生产效率的目的。 附图说明图1为本发明的曲面板精度定位示意图。具体实施方式下面结合附图给出本发明较佳实施例，以详细说明本发明的技术方案。如图1，本实施例中将两块船体曲面板进行拼板焊接，第一阶段为曲面板定位阶段，首先将两块板固定在胎架上，焊缝按照精度要求对合好，通过点焊固定。第二阶段为焊缝前期准备阶段：本实施例坡口角度为40o；坡口的清理要求规定必须将焊接坡口及坡口两侧各宽20mm范围内的氧化物、水分、油污等清除干净。曲面板装配时焊缝必须对接平整，装配间隙最大不能超过3mm。在装配定位焊时，不允许有气孔、夹渣、裂纹、焊穿等焊接缺陷。试件采用尺寸为250mm300mm的弹性引熄弧板，板厚与母材相同或正负2mm以内。另外对于预热温度的规定要求是当周围环境温度低于0时需要进行预热。第三阶段衬垫安装及焊道布置阶段，焊接试板装配完成之后要进行衬垫的安装及铁粉的铺设。FGB法是将软衬垫粘贴在钢板接缝反面，正面实施埋弧自动焊，因此FGB法选用的衬垫必须是专用的、特殊的衬垫。在安装衬垫时，需要特别注意衬垫与焊接试板的背面紧密粘合，并且衬垫与衬垫的衔接处应相互无间隙，防止在焊接过程中造成衬垫与衬垫衔接处的焊缝焊穿等现象。铁粉应按照小于板厚2mm的厚度铺设在焊缝内。第四阶段为焊接过程阶段：启动焊接小车，调整焊接参数，焊接过程中需有专门人员关注，开始阶段根据需要调整焊接参数。焊接完成之后需冷却6小时。虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，这些仅是举例说明，在不背离本发明的原理和实质的前提下，可以对这些实施方式做出多种变更或修改。因此，本发明的保护范围由所附权利要求书限定。（英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. and revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines and column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the partys leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the and , reflects the partys 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the partys eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of in based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. is in 1997 based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to and the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, and revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the partys eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised and , highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent and . Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules. the revision of the and is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue de, mainly refers to the partys ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the closely linked to the self-discipline, insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the vital few, emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a negative list, emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the partys eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the and modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the self-discipline, removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, eight prohibition 52 are not allowed to about the content of the negative list moved into synchronization amendment . Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National Peoples solemn commitment. criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the , a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as four must eight code. Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as four must the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the partys advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipl