建筑环境与设备工程专业英语词汇.docx

宏观环境（大尺度环境）Macro-environment区域环境（中尺度环境）Meso-environment太阳辐射Solar radiation直射direct散射（总辐射）scattering(global radiation)反射reflected太阳高度角Solar altitude太阳方位角Azimuth地理经度纬度Geography longitude/latitude海拔高度altitude云量cloud coverage大气透明度atmospheric transparency风Wind速度velocity方向direction季候风monsoon大气环流atmospheric circulation地势Terrain表面覆盖物surface cover热岛heat island风玫瑰图Breeze rose diagram室外环境（小尺度环境）Outdoor environment(micro-environment)温度（干球温度，湿球温度，露点温度）Temperature(dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, dew point temperature)湿度（含湿量，相对湿度）humidity(absolute, relative)结露dew降水 precipitation焓Enthalpy熵entropy火用exergy火无anergy室内热环境Indoor thermal environment围护结构Envelop保温隔热insulation代谢Metabolism蒸发evaporation辐射radiation对流convection活动量Movement衣着情况clothes年龄age热舒适Thermal comfort有效温度effective temperature预测平均评价predicted mean vote预期不满意百分率predicted percentage dissatisfaction热感觉尺度（冷，凉，微凉，适中，微暖，暖，热）Thermal sensation scale(cold, cool, slight cool, neutral, slight warm, warm, hot)室内声环境Indoor acoustic environment噪声Noise声功率sound power隔声sound insulation室内光环境Indoor visual environment视觉Visual电磁波谱electromagnetic spectrum光通量（流明）luminous flux发光强度（坎德拉）luminous intensity照度illuminance亮度luminance天然光源Daylight人工光源artificial lighting室内空气品质Indoor air qualitySARS Severe acute respiratory syndromes H1N1，微生物，真菌，病毒，悬浮颗粒，甲醛，挥发性有机化合物, swine flu, micro-organism, fungus, virus, suspended particles, formaldehyde, volatile organic compounds供暖系统：热源+热媒输配+散热设备Heating system: heat source+distribution(piping system)+heat abstractor集中供暖系统，区域供暖系统，局部供暖系统Centralized, district, local锅炉散热设备供水管回水管水泵，膨胀水箱Boilerheating appliancesupplyreturnpump, expansion tank立管，主管，支管Riser, main, branch自然循环系统，机械循环系统Natural circulation system, mechanic circulation单管，双管Single pipe, dual pipe低温水，高温水Low temperature hot water, high temperature hot water上供下回，下供下回Up-feed down-return, down-feed down-return串联式，跨越式，水平式，垂直式Series, leaping, horizontal, vertical垂直失调，异程式，同程式Vertical imbalance, direct return system, reverse return system蒸汽供暖系统Steam heating system重力回水低压蒸汽供暖系统Gravity circulation system高压蒸汽供暖系统High pressure steam heating system传热系数，热阻率，导热系数，换热器，热对流，热传导，热辐射，对流传热Heat-transfer coefficient, heat resistivity, heat conductivity, heat exchanger, heating convection, heat conduction, heat radiation, heat convection exchange疏水器，排气阀，补偿器，泄水口，温控阀，热计量，集水器，分水器，集气罐，卧式，立式，明装，暗装Steam trap, exhaust valve, compensator, drain hole, temperature control valve, heat metering, return header, supply header, air collector, horizontal, vertical, exposed, concealed供热负荷，设计负荷Heating load, design load平面图，剖面图，立面图，大样，比例尺，侧面，正面，背面Plan, section, elevation, detail, scale, side, front, rear层流，紊流（湍流），涡旋，旋涡，粘度Laminar, turbulent, eddy, vortex, viscosity风压，迎风面，背风面，上风，静压，动压，全压，热压Wind pressure, against the wind, leeward, windward, static pressure, dynamic pressure, overall pressure, thermal pressure主导风，进风口，排风口，风口，工作区，倒灌，风帽，挡风板Prevailing wind, inlet, outlet, vent, operating zone, backward flowing, cap, wind board天窗，通风窗，老虎窗，百叶窗，软百叶窗Skylight, clearstory, dormant window, louver, venetian blinds自然通风，机械通风，混合通风Natural ventilation, mechanic ventilation, hybrid ventilation全面通风，局部通风，岗位送风，气流组织，送风，排风General ventilation, local ventilation, task air supply, air distribution, air supply, exhaust风机，轴流式，离心式，贯流式Fan, axial fan, centrifugal fan, cross flow/tangential fan空气净化，排风罩，密闭罩，外部吸气罩，接受式排风罩，伞形罩，侧吸罩Air purification, exhaust hood, enclosed hood, capturing hood, receiving hood, canopy hood, side hood叶轮，叶片，机轴，扩压器Rotor, blade, shaft, diffuserAir conditioning/cooling空调/供冷空调区，非空调区，输配系统，处理设备，冷热源，自动控制系统Conditioned zone, unconditioned zone, distribution system, air handling equipment, heat/cold source, auto-control system显热，潜热Sensible heat, latent heat风机，水泵，风道，水管，风口Fan, pump, air duct, water pipe, vent加热，冷却，加湿，除湿，净化Heating, cooling, humidifying, dehumidifying, purifying锅炉，冷水机组Boiler, chiller阀门，截止阀，闸阀，旋塞阀，球阀，蝶阀，止回阀，弯头，软管，三通，旁通Valve, stop valve, gate valve, cock valve, ball valve, butterfly valve, check valve, elbow/bend, hose, tee, by-pass工艺性空调，舒适性空调，集中式空调，半集中式空调，分散式空调Technological air-conditioning, comfort air-conditioning, central air-conditioning, semi-central air-conditioning, decentralized air-conditioning制冷机房，蒸发器，冷凝器，压缩机，节流阀，制冷剂，载冷剂Refrigerating station, evaporator, condenser, compressor, throttle, refrigerant, coolant冷冻水泵，冷却水泵，热水泵，冷水管，热水管，换热器，锅炉，锅炉房，送风管，排风，回风，新风，冷却塔，烟囱，烟气，冷凝水Cold water pump, cooling water pump, hot water pump, cold water pipe, hot water pipe, heat exchanger, boiler, boiler plant, air supply duct, exhaust, return air, fresh air, cooling tower, chimney, fume, condensing water全空气系统，空气水系统，一次回风，二次回风，风机盘管All-air system, air-to-water system, primary return air, secondary return air, fan coil水冷式，风冷式，热泵式，窗式，壁挂式，立柜式Water-cooled, air-cooled, heat pump, window conditioner, wall mounted, vertical开式，封闭式，半封闭式Open, hermetic, semi-hermetic格栅，散流器，孔板送风口，喷射式送风口Grille, diffuser, orifice vent, jet vent消声器Muffler综合分析判断 comprehensive analysis and judgement 变压器 transformer 抽芯loose core 过道 aisle 三相电容 three phase capacitance 芯棒 core rod 都市规划与土地开发 Urban g and Land Development 社区开发及工业区开发 Community Development and Industry Park Development 开发许可申请 Development Permit 土地使用变更计划 Land Use Rezoning Plan 主要计划及细部计划 Master Plan and Detail Plan 都市计划更新计划 Urban Renewal Plan 都市设施 Urban Design 建筑设施 Architecture Design 大地工程 Geotechnical Engineering 工址调查 Site Investigation 现地试验与室内试验 In-Situ and Laboratory Test 基础工程 Foundation Design 深开挖工程及建物保护 Deep Excavation and Building Protection 新生地及软弱地层改良 Reclamation and Soft Ground Improvement 山坡地开发与水土保持 Slope land Development, Soil and Water Conservation 潜盾隧道与岩石隧道 Shield Tunnel and Rock Tunnel 大地工程施工顾问 Geotechnical Construction Consultant 土壤材料试验 Soil and Material 结构工程 Structural Engineering 各类钢筋混凝土、预力混凝土、钢结构及钢骨钢筋混凝土结构 Structures of RC., Prestressed Concrete, Steel, and SRC 桥梁、高层建筑、地下结构物、隧道、深开挖挡土结构 Bridges, High-Rise Buildings, Underground Structures, Tunnels, Retaining Structures for Deep Excavations 桥梁安全检测、评估及维修补强 Bridge Inspection, Assessment, and Rehabilitation 钢结构细部设计及制造图 Steel Structural Detail Design and Shop Drawings 厂房工程 Industrial Plant 工业厂房-石化工厂、钢厂、电厂、气体厂、科技工业厂房、一般性厂房 Industrial Plants-Petroleum and Chemical, Steel, Power, Gas, High-Technical and General Plants 环保设施工厂-垃圾焚化厂、垃圾掩埋场、污水处理厂及相关管线 Environment Protecting Plants-Incineration Plants, Garbage Disposal Plants, Waste Water Treatment Plants and Piping System 设备支撑结构、管架、操作平台 Equipment Supporting Structures, Pipe Racks, Operating Platforms 设备基础 Equipment Foundations 厂区一般土木及公共设施 General Civil Works and Utilities of Plants 运输工程 Transportation Engineering 运输规划 Transportation Planning 停车场设施工程规划、设计 Engineering Planning & Design for Parking Facilities 建筑交通维持计划 Traffic Control & Management during Construction 水利及港湾工程 Hydraulic and Harbor Engineering 营建管理 Construction Management 估价及工程预算制作 Estimates and Engineering Budget Works 营建管理 Construction Management 工程监造 Construction Supervision 施工计划 Construction Plan 工程进度控管 Schedule Control during Construction 施工规划 Construction Specifications 环境工程 Environmental Engineering 环境影响评估 Environment Impact Assessment 环境监测 Environmental Monitoring 地下水监测系统 Groundwater Monitoring 污水处理厂 Wastewater Treatment Plant 污水下水道 Sewage System 噪音振动防治 Noise and Vibration 垃圾焚化厂兴建工程 Waste Incinerator 废弃物处理系统工程 Waste Treatment & Disposal 共同管道 Common Ducts 管道及附属设施之规划设计 Planning and Design of Common Ducts Structures and Subsidiary Facilities 经济效益分析 Economic and Efficiency Analysis 财务评估 Financial Evaluation 管理维护办法及组织订定 Regulation for the Management, Maintenance and Organization 送气 air supply 电流衰减装置 current attenuation 气体延时保护装置 time delay 熄弧 quenching of arc 成型 molding 钢印代号 steel seal 质量分析 quality analysis 负责人 principal 审批 examine and approve 补焊工艺 repair welding 压缩机 compression pump 平焊法兰 welded flange 测试流程图 test flow chart 加固措施 reinforcement measure 校验 verify 升压 boost pressure 读数 off scale reading 满刻度值 full-scale value 盲板 blind plate 压力表 pressure meter 强度 intensity 目测 eye survey, visiual inspection半径 radius 公式 formula 管路 pipeline 严密性 leakproofness 导电膏 conductive paste 压接 compression joint 地上连接 overground 埋深 buried depth 接地线 earth wire 说明 description 分线盒 junction box 接地装置 earthing deivce 交叉across 塑料保护管 protection tube 塑料带 plastic tape 防腐处理 preservative treatment 接地极 earthing pole 接地电阻测试 earth resistance 防雷接地 lightning protection 遵守 comply with 避雷网 lightning conduction 引下线 down lead 搭接焊 overlap welding 避雷针 lightning rod 镀锌制品 zinc coating 断接卡 breaking of contact 电阻 resistance 配电装置 power distribution equipment 集中接地装置 centralized 串联 cascade connection 干线联接 main line 并列 paratactic 单独 solely 机组 machine set 电力复合脂 electric force compounded grease 电缆敷设 cable laying 电缆槽架 cable channel 主干线 trunk line 弯头 angle fitting 剥落处 exfoliation 银粉 aluminum powder 支持点 support point 拆装 disassembly and assembly 畅通 smooth 电压等级 electric pressure 通断实验 onoff 终端头 terminals 余度 remaining 标记牌 notice plate 表册 statistical forms 电缆桥架 cable testing bridge 电机 electric machine 相对湿度 relative humidity 杂物 sundries 耐压试验 withstand voltage test 照明器具 ligthing paraphernalia 铭牌 nameplate 验收规范 acceptance specification 接线 wire splice 试运 test run 进线口 incoming line 带电 electrified 盘车转子 jigger rotor 二次回路 secondary circuit 中心线 center line 触头 contactor 配电 power distribution 成套 whole set 楼板 floor slab 备件 duplicate part, spare part 包装 packing 器材 equipment 导线 conducting wire 脱落 fall off 规范 specification 电器 electrical appliance 断路器 line breaker 机械联锁 mechanical interlocking 碰撞 collision 轻便 portable 充水试验 filling water test 错边量 unfitness of butt joint 底圈 foundation ring 真空度检漏 vacuum degree leak test 丁字焊缝 tee welding 渗透探伤 oil whiting test 充水试验 filling water test 内侧角焊缝接头 interior angle welding line joint基础沉降 foundation settlement测量基准点 datum mark 稳定性试验 stability test 排气阀 outlet valve 角钢 angle steel 构件 component part 机械损伤 mechanical damage 缩孔 shrinkage cavity 折迭 enfoldment碳钢管 carbon steel tube 公称直径 nominal diameter 预埋件 embedded part 轴测图 axonometric drawing 布置图 arrangement diagram 氧乙炔气割 oxyacetylene gas cutting 低合金钢管 low alloy steel 热影响区 heat affected area 修磨 polish 砂轮片 grinding wheel 等离子 plasma panel 重皮 coldlap 凹凸 unevenness 缩口 necking down 端面 head face 倾斜偏差 dip deviation 外径 external diameter 砂轮 grinding wheel 管件 pipe casting 单线图 single line drawing 平齐 parallel and level 两端 two terminals 满扣 buckle 螺栓紧固 bolton 周边 periphery 附加应力 additional stress 同轴度 axiality 平行度 parallelism 随机 stochastic 允许偏差 allowable variation 重直度verticality 水平度 levelness 隔离盲板 blind plate 氩弧焊argon arc welding 压盖螺栓 gland bolt 间距 spacing 有效期 period of validity 担任 take charge of undertake 焊条 welding rod 碳钢焊条 carbon steel 焊丝 welding wire 熔化焊 melting 钢丝 steel wire 气体保护焊 gas shielded arc welding 烘干 drying 清洗 ablution 制度s ystem 焊接工艺 welding procedure 相应 corresponding 手工电弧焊 manual electric arc welding 手工钨极 manual tungsten electrode 打底 render 电源 power source 交流 alternating current 焊件 weldment 管壁厚度 pipe thickness 对接焊缝 butt weld 工件壁厚 workpiece 飞溅物 splash 沾污 smirch 油污 oil stain 细锉 smooth file 铣刀 milling cutter 氧化膜 oxide film 脱脂处理 ungrease treatment 棉质纤维 cotton fibre 丙酮 acetone 硫 sulfur 焊剂 welding flux 钢板 steel plate 纵向焊缝 longitudinal weld longitudinal seam 筒节 shell ring 封头 end socket 卷管 reelpipe 强度试验 strength test 起弧 arc starting 穿堂风 draught 熔合 fusion 反面 reverse side 整体 integral 封堵 block up 焊口 weld bond 医用胶布 medical proof fabric 高频 high frequency 焊炬 welding torch