留学生汉语教学大纲.doc

留学生汉语教学大纲

南京医科大学国际教育学院
School of International Education
Nanjing Medical University
2005年12月

汉语教学大纲（综合课）
The Syllabus for Chinese language (comprehensive lesson)
总则
General
通过一年的教学，帮助包括零基础的初级阶段学生掌握汉语普通话的语音，熟练使用汉语拼音，了解汉语的基本语法结构，掌握2500个以上的常用词和200个左右的语法点。听、说、读、写方面的综合能力达到进入中国高等院校理、工、农、西医类本科学习的最低汉语能力标准。
具体而言，在听的能力上能基本理解语速为每分钟120字左右、不含或者少含生词和新语法现象的内容，能在具体语境中听懂日常生活的基本谈话。在说的能力上能用汉语进行日常生活中基本的交际，能较准确地表述自己的意图。在叙述具体事情时，语句的错误率在30%以下。在读的能力上，借助工具书，阅读生词及新语法现象量在20%以内，字数在500以上的各类文章，阅读速度不低于每分钟100字。在写的能力上，初步了解汉字构造，能以正确笔顺写出学过的生词。能写出不低于300字，病句较少的短文。
The objective of this Chinese course is to help beginners grasp the pronunciation of Chinese, skillfully use Pinyin, understand the basic grammar and structure in Chinese, know more than 2,500 frequently used characters and roughly 200 grammar points. The students’ overall ability in listening, speaking, reading and writing should reach the basic level of Chinese which enables them to pursue their study in China colleges whatever in natural science, engineering course, agriculture and medical science.
To go into detail, students should, by and large, be able to understand material spoken at a speed of about 120 characters per minute which doesn’t involve or hardly involves unfamiliar words and newly-arising grammars. They are expected to follow, in specific situations, everyday conversations in Chinese. As for speaking ability, students should be able to carry out basic communications in Chinese in daily life and to express themselves clearly. Their errors in talking should be kept under 30% of all. For reading ability, students should be able to, with the help of reference books, read Chinese text of more than 500 characters, the content of which involves less than 20% unfamiliar words and newly-arising grammars. Their reading speed should attain at least 100 characters per minute. For writing ability, students should be able to understand the basic structure of Chinese characters, to write familiar characters in correct stroke order and to complete a short composition of no less than 300 characters with few mistakes.

第一课 你好
Lesson 1 Hello

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
掌握所学的声母和韵母发音，会拼合，会读四声，掌握上声变调。能将“你好”运用于交际。
Grasp the articulation and combination of the initials and finals, can read the four tones of Chinese, grasp the modulation of the 3rd tone. Make communicative dialogues with “你好”

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1．声母：b p m f d t n l g k h发音及拼合
2. 韵母：a o e i u ü ai ei ao ou发音及拼合
3. 汉语的四个声调
4. 上声变调：两个第三声连读时第一个三声变成第二声
5. 课文
1. Initials: b p m f d t n l g k h, their articulation and combination
2. Finals: a o e i u ü ai ei ao ou, their articulation and combination
3. Tones of Chinese Putonghua
4. Modulation of the 3rd tone: when a 3rd tone is immediately followed by another 3rd one, the first one read as the 2nd tone
5. Text

第二课 汉语不太难
Lesson 2 Chinese language is not too difficult

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
掌握所学的声母和韵母发音，会拼合，会读轻声。
Grasp the articulation and combination of the initials and finals, learn to articulate the neutral tone

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. 韵母：an en ang eng ong发音及拼合
2. 轻声的概念：一定条件下又短又轻的声调，并非第五声
3. 轻声的词：爸爸 妈妈 哥哥 弟弟 妹妹
4. 半上声: 第三声音节后面跟第一、二、四声和轻声音节时，读半三声
5. 课文
1. Finals: an en ang eng ong, their articulation and combination
2. The neutral tone: Toneless and light-short pronounced syllables, it is not the 5th tone
3. The neutral tone words: 爸爸 妈妈 哥哥 弟弟 妹妹
4. The half 3rd tone: A 3rd-tone syllable is immediately followed by a 1st, 2nd, 4th or neutral tone syllable, only the first half of the tone is read
5. Text

第三课 谢谢
Lesson 3 Thanks

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
掌握所学的声母和韵母发音，会拼合。能够运用课文对话表达感谢和告别。
Grasp the articulation and combination of the initials and finals, make dialogues of appreciation and farewell with the sentence patterns from the text

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. 声母：j q x发音及拼合
2. 韵母：i ia ie iao iou(iu) ian in iang ing iong发音及拼合
3. “不”的变调
4. 课文
5. 感谢和告别的交际训练
1. Initials: j q x, their articulation and combination
2. Finals: i ia ie iao iou(iu) ian in iang ing iong, their articulation and combination
3.Modulation of“不”: when“不”is immediately followed by another 4th-tone syllable, it is articulated as the 2nd tone
4. Text
5. Communication practice: Appreciation and farewell

第四课 你去哪儿
Lesson 4 Where will you go?

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
掌握所学的声母和韵母发音，会拼合。能够运用课文对话询问日期。
Grasp the articulation and combination of the initials and finals, make dialogues of inquiring about the date with sentence patterns from the text

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. 声母：z c s发音及拼合
2. 韵母：i er ua uo uai uei(ui) uan(un) uang ueng发音及拼合
3. 儿化：后缀“儿”与其前一音节的韵母结合成一个音节，使该韵母带上卷舌音色的特殊音变现象
4. 课文
5. 一周七天的名称（星期一至星期天）的交际训练
1. Initials: z c s, their articulation and combination
2. Finals: i er ua uo uai uei(ui) uan(un) uang ueng, their articulation and combination
3. Retroflex finals: “er” forms a retroflex syllable in combination with its previous finals
4. Text
5. Communication practice on the name of the seven days of a week

第五课 这是什么书
Lesson 5 What’s this book?

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
掌握所学的声母和韵母发音，会拼合。会写要求的汉字。
Grasp the articulation and combination of the initials and finals, learn to write the words required

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. 声母：zhi chi shi发音及拼合
2. 韵母：­i发音及拼合
3. 课文
4. 用“这是”进行陈述及提问的交际训练
1. Initials: zhi chi shi, their articulation and combination
2. Finals: ­i, its articulation and combination
3. Text
4. Communication practice on using “这是”to ask question and to construct indicative sentence

第六课 这是王老师
Lesson 6 This is teacher Wang

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
复习前五课的声韵母，运用课文对话进行介绍和接待
Review the Pinyin studied in previous five lessons, make dialogues of introduction and welcome with sentence patterns from the text

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. 复习全部的汉语拼音
2. 综合复习前六课课文
3. 介绍、接待的交际训练
1. Review Pinyin
2. Review text from lesson 1 to lesson 6
3. Communication practice on introduction and welcome

第七课 我学习汉语
Lesson 7 I study Chinese

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
掌握轻声词汇，进一步掌握上声变调，运用课文对话询问和回答姓名和国籍
Grasp the neutral tone words, further study on the modulation of the 3rd tone, make dialogues of inquiring about name and nationality with sentence patterns from the text.

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. 上声变调：两个第三声相连，第一个读成第二声
2. 轻声词汇
3. 课文
4. 个人姓名和国籍询问的交际训练
1. Modulation of the 3rd tone: two 3rd tones join together, the first one read as the 2nd tone
2. The neutral tone words
3. Text
4. Communication practice on name and nation inquiry

第八课 你吃什么
Lesson 8: What do you want to eat?

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
掌握“一”的变调，了解量词“个”，运用课文对话进行点菜
Grasp the modulation of “一”, know the quantifier “个”, make dialogues of ordering food with sentence patterns from the text.

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. “一”的变调，同时复习“不”的变调
2. 量词“个”
3. 课文
4. “你吃什么” 点菜的交际训练
1. Modulation of “一”: If followed by the 1st ,2nd 0r 3rd tone, “一”is pronounced as the 4th tone; if is followed by a 4th tone, it will be read as the 2nd tone.
Review the modulation of “不”
2. Quantifier “个”
3. Text
4. Communication practice on ordering dishes

第九课 苹果多少钱一斤
Lesson 9 How much are a Jin of apples?

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
掌握语气助词“了”，了解常见水果名称，运用课文对话进行购物
Grasp the modal particle “了”, know the names of familiar fruits, make dialogues of shopping with sentence patterns from the text

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. 语气助词“了”
2. 课文
3. 人民币的名称、问价还价用语、常用水果名称
4. 购物的交际训练
1. Modal particle “了”
2. Text
3. Par value of RMB, bidding and dickering diction, name of familiar fruit
4. Communication practice on shopping

第十课 我换人民币
Lesson 10 I change RMB

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
了解请求的表达，感谢及应答，运用课文对话学会换钱
Know how to make a request and express appreciation, make dialogues of exchanging money with sentence patterns from the text

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. “不”的变调的复习；三个连续上声的读法：前两个读第二声，第三个不变
2. 请求的表达：“我换钱”、“请等一会儿”、“请数数”
3. “谢谢”、“不客气”
4. 课文
5. 银行换钱的交际训练
1. The exercise of the modulation of “不”
The pronunciation of three immediately followed 3rd tone: The first two should be changed into the 2nd tone and the last one remains unchanged
2. Request: “我换钱”(I change money), “请等一会儿”(please wait a moment), “请数数”(please count)
3. “谢谢”（thanks）, “不客气”（that all right）
4. Text
5. Communication practice on changing money in the bank

第十一课 他住哪儿
Lesson 11 Where does he live?

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
掌握动词谓语句的语序和汉语号码的读法，运用课文对话询问地址、电话号码
Grasp the word order of the sentence with a verb as its predicate, grasp the enumeration in Chinese, make dialogues of inquiry about address and telephone number with sentence patterns from the text

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1、汉语的语序：
主语+谓语；主语+谓语+宾语；主语+状语+谓语+宾语；主语+状语+谓语+定语+宾语
2. 动词谓语句：动词是谓语主要成分的句子
3. 汉语号码的读法：电话号码、门牌号码
4. 课文
5. 问住址、电话的交际训练
1. The word order of Chinese
Subject + Predicate
Subject + Predicate + Object
Subject + Adverbial + Predicate + Object
Subject + Adverbial + Predicate + Attribute + Object
2. The sentence with a verb as its predicate, in such sentence verb is the main element
3. Enumeration in Chinese: Telephone numbers, house numbers
4. Text
5. Communication practice on how to inquire about address and telephone number

第十二课 您身体好吗？
Lesson 12 How is your health?

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
掌握所学量词的搭配，运用课文对话表达问候
Grasp the collocation of the quantifier, make dialogues of exchanging greetings with sentence patterns from the text

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. 问候的表达
2. 课文
3. 句子语序的复习
4. 问候的交际训练
1. How to exchange greetings
2. Text
3. Review the word order
4. Communication practice on exchanging greetings

第十三课 我们都是留学生
Lesson 13 We are all overseas students

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
掌握状语的位置，运用课文对话进行介绍
Grasp the adverbials and their place in the sentence，make dialogues of introduction with sentence patterns from the text

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. 疑问句型（1）：陈述句+吗？
2. 状语、状语的位置
3. 副词“也”、“都”作状语
4. 课文
5. 介绍、道歉的交际训练
1. Interrogation (1): Indicative sentence + 吗？
2. The adverbials and their place in a sentence: The modifying element before verbs and adjectives are called adverbials
3. The adverbs “也”(also), “都”(all/both) functioning as adverbials
4. Text
5. Communication practice on introduction and apology

第十四课 你在哪儿学习
Lesson 14 Where do you study?

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
掌握介宾短语在句子中的位置，定语的位置，运用疑问代词提问
Grasp the place of the preposition-object phrase and the place of the attribute in a sentence, use interrogative pronouns to ask questions

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. 疑问句型（2）:用疑问代词提问的特殊疑问句
这类句型用“谁”、“哪儿”、“怎么”、“多少”等疑问代词询问具体信息
2. 定语、定义的位置、定语的标志“的”
3. “在”、“给”，介宾短语作状语
4. 课文
5. 提问与回答的交际训练
1. Interrogation (2): Questions with interrogative pronouns
Such sentence uses“谁”( who),“哪儿” (where), “怎么”(how), “多少”(how many) to ask specific information
2. The attributes and their place in a sentence; the formal indicator of the attribute: “的”
3. Prepositional phrase headed with“在”, “给”functioning as an adverbial
4. Text
5. Communication practice on inquiry and answer

第十五课 这个箱子很重
Lesson 15 This box is very heavy

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
掌握形容词谓语句，了解“的”字短语的用法，运用“这是”、“那是”进行陈述
Grasp the sentence with an adjectival predicate, grasp the function of the “的”-phrase, use“这是” and “那是” to construct indicative sentence

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. 形容词谓语句
2. 疑问句型（3）：正反问
3. “的”字词组：“形容词+的”在句中起名词作用
4. 课文
5. 用“这是”、“那是”进行陈述的交际训练
1. The sentence with and adjectival predicate
2. Interrogation (3): The affirmative-negative question
A affirmative-negative question is one in which the affirmative and negative form of main element of the predicate are paralleled
3. “的”-phrase: “adjective + 的” function as a noun in a sentence
4. Text
5. Communication practice on sentence started with“这是”,“那是”

第十六课 你的车是新的还是旧的
Lesson 16 Is your bike new or old?

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
掌握用“呢”提问，运用“怎么样”表达问候
Grasp to ask questions with “呢”, make dialogues of greetings with “怎么样”

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. 疑问句型（4）：选择问
2. 疑问句型（5）：省略问：使用语气助词“呢”
3. 主谓谓语句：主谓短语作谓语的句型
4. 课文
5. 问候的交际训练
6. 存车的交际训练
1. Interrogation (4): Alternative questions with “还是”(…or…)
If there are two or more possibilities about the answer, we use such alternative questions
2. Interrogation (5): Elliptical questions with “…呢?”
3. The sentence with a subject-predicate phrase as its predicate
4. Text
5. Communication practice on exchanging greetings
6. Communication practice on how to keep one’s bicycle

第十七课 你们公司有多少职员
Lesson 17 How many employees are there in your company

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
掌握“几个”、“多少”的用法，运用课文对话介绍自己的家庭
Grasp the usage of “几个”，“多少”, make dialogues of introducing one’s family with sentence patterns from the text

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. “有”字句：表示领有
肯定式：A+有+B
否定式：A+没有+B
2. “几个”、“多少”的用法
3. “二”和“两”的区别
4. 称数法
5. 课文
1. The “有”sentence: Such sentence can express possession
The affirmative form: A+有+B
The negative form: A+没有+B
2. The usage of “几个” and “多少”
3. The difference usage of “二” and “两”
4. Enumeration
5. Text

第十八课 我的房间
Lesson 18 My room

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
运用课文对话介绍自己的房间
Make dialogues of introducing one’s room

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. “是”字句、“有”字句、形容词谓语句
2. 疑问句型的交错练习
3. 课文
1. The “是” sentence and the “有” sentence; The sentence with an adjectival predicate
2. Practice on interrogations
3. Text

第十九课 你常去图书馆吗？
Lesson 19 Do you often go the library?

教学目标与要求
Objectives and Requirements
掌握时间状语，了解“还是”、“或者”的区别，运用课文对话介绍自己的日常活动
Grasp the temporal adverbials, know the difference between “还是” and “或者”, make dialogues of introducing one’s daily activities with sentence patterns from the text

学时分配
Distribution of Teaching Hours
4学时
4 teaching hours

教学内容
Contents
1. 时间状语
2. “还是”、“或者”：“还是”用于疑问句，“或者”用于陈述句；
“我们”、“咱们”；
“吧”的语气：请求或建议，同意和应答
“跟”引导的介宾短语
3. 课文
1. Temporal words as adverbials
2. “还是” and “或者