专题05：七选五阅读满分技巧(下)(原题版)(新高考专用).docx

►专题05 七选五阅读满分技巧（下）
考点难点精讲

【解法思维导图】

技能1　原词重复信息
　　原词复现是指一个句子中的关键词(常为动词、名词、形容词)会反复出现在文中的其他句子中。这些词会以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现。如：“looks”与“looking”“looked”；“go”与“going”“went”等。根据语言习惯，第一句的宾语往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同、重叠的词语。因此，要学会寻找空格前后句句中的相同关键词。

【例】　[山东省名校联盟2022-2023学年高三上学期诊断性测试]
Check your school’s website for information about your classes. Some high schools and colleges have websites where students can log in and find messages and materials from their teachers. ____17____ You can see if there are any messages or special materials you will need to review.
A. Get up early in case of being late.
B. Log into your school’s website before the first day.
C. Don’t try to go to bed too much earlier than usual.
D. If they do, organize to meet up before class or lunch.
E. Prepare some answers to popular icebreaker questions.
F. If you are having trouble finding your classroom, ask staff for help.
G. This will stop you from completely losing your head on your first day.
【答案】 17. B
【解析】【导语】本是一篇说明文。主要介绍了能够让上学第一天尽可能顺利地进行的几点建议。
上文“Some high schools and colleges have websites where students can log in and find messages and materials from their teachers. (一些高中和大学有网站，学生可以登录网站，从老师那里找到信息和材料)”此处关键词是“websites”因此B项“在第一天之前登录学校的网站。”符合语境，故选B。

技能2　代词重复信息
　　为了避免与上文提到的名词重复，用不同的代词指代上文提到的人、事物或事件。如：it指代单数名词、不可数名词、句子；they指代复数名词；ones泛指复数名词。还有反身代词、指示代词、关系代词等。

【例】 [2022-2023学年湖北省黄冈市高三上学期11月期中考试英语试题]
They lower your risk of a fatal heart attack. Researchers found that cat owners had a 30per cent lower risk of dying of a heart attack. ____18____. The researchers assumed — and most cat owners would agree — that cats’ unbothered nature has a calming effect. Spending time with any pet lowers stress, an important contributor to heart disease.
A. They also improve your mental health
B. They contribute a lot to our strong body
C. With the considerate care from the owners
D. Here are some ways that your pet pal benefits you
E. With their regular tasks of feeding, walks and play
F. They introduce more bacterial diversity that our body adapts to
G. But you may wonder how it comes about without taking a cat for walks
【答案】18. G
【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了养宠物的好处。
由前文“They lower your risk of a fatal heart attack. Researchers found that cat owners had a 30per cent lower risk of dying of a heart attack. (它们降低了你致命心脏病发作的风险。研究人员发现，养猫的人死于心脏病的风险降低了30%)”可知，养猫可以帮助人减少心脏病，此段作者以科学家关于猫咪的发现为证据，来服务于段落中心。选项前一句是研究发现。选项后俩句中“calming effect”，“lowers stress”可见主要讲述为何养猫能降低心脏病发作。那么本空起衔接功能。由此可知，G选项But you may wonder how it comes about without taking a cat for walks(但你可能想知道，不带猫散步，它是怎么来的)符合文意，其中出现了关键词cat，与段落主旨相符，it指代上句的科学发现。故选G项。

技能3　上下义词重复信息
　　上下义词重复信息是指文中选项位置的前后两句中出现意义相关的上位或下位词，因表达的需要而重复出现一到两次，重复出现的过程中，上下文存在着逻辑关系，起着前后衔接作用，这有利于做题时锁定关键词，找出正确答案。

【例】 [2023届江苏南通市通州、泗洪、兴化中学三校第一学期期中联考]
Choose a cause. Some good ideas might be something like, "Save the whales!" But nothing says you can't do more than one cause. 37 For example, you could work to save polar bears in November, plant trees in December, and stop global warming in January.
A. Name your club.
B. Great minds think alike.
C. After all, saving the world is a big job.
D. Choose members to hold all the meetings.
E. Your club could do a different cause every month.
F. It could be in the woods, in the park or in the classroom.
G. But encourage all members to support each other's work.
【答案】37. E
【解析】空前说可以不仅有一个目标。空后列举了11月、12月、1月开展不同主题的活动。所以这一句应该是一个承上启下的句子。应该选E—在不同月份开展不同主题活动。

技能4　同义重复信息
　　此处的同义多指意义相同或相近的词、词组或句子，如room和space。
【例】　 [福建龙岩市一级校联盟(九校)联考2022～2023学年第一学期期中考]
If you feel like you lack the basic skills required for good communication, there are a number of reliable ways to improve. Here are a few tips:
____17____Effective communicators are always good listeners. Active listening means engaging with what people say by giving positive replies and asking follow-up questions to show that you are paying attention.
A. Practice active listening.
B. Develop communication skills.
C. Public speaking may sound frightening.
D. Know what’s appropriate to express when speaking publicly.
E. Turn to them for advice on improving your communication skills.
F. Showing strong emotions can lead to poor communication and conflict.
G. Pay attention to your facial expressions and body language when speaking with someone.
【答案】17. A
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。讲述如何提高沟通能力的方法。
根据上文“If you feel like you lack the basic skills required for good communication, there are a number of reliable ways to improve. Here are a few tips.(如果你觉得自己缺乏良好沟通所需的基本技能，有一些可靠的方法可以改善。这里有一些建议。)”以及后文“Effective communicators are always good listeners. Active listening means engaging with what people say by giving positive replies and asking follow-up questions to show that you are paying attention.(有效的沟通者总是好的倾听者。积极倾听是指通过给予积极的回答和提出后续问题来参与人们所说的内容，以表明你在认真倾听。)”可知，此空上一段讲提高沟通技能的方法。下一段在讲学会积极倾听。A项“Practice active listening.(练习积极倾听。)”符合语境。故选A项。

技能5　反义重复信息
　　顾名思义，此处指上下文中有互为相反词义的单词、短语或者意思相反的句子。此外，some和others表示比较或顺承相呼应。
【例】　[2022-2023学年11月湖北省荆荆宜三校高三上学期联考]
Some focus on traditional, folk music.___20___ Music festivals have become very popular venues that have become well established as part of summer culture.
A. Rock music is the reflection of history.
B. Woodstock festival changed the form of rock concerts.
C. However,it focused not only on music but other events.
D. Another early rock festival was the Isle of Wight Festival.
E. Today, it’s hard to imagine summer without musical festivals.
F. What perhaps put music festivals on the map was Woodstock in 1969.
G. Others are intended for younger audiences or those who prefer period based music.
【答案】20. G
【解析】
根据空前“Some focus on traditional, folk music.（一些专注于传统、民间音乐。）”可知，G项是空前的顺义承接，some和others相呼应，故G项“其他的是专为年轻观众设计的，或者那些喜欢古典音乐的人。”符合，故选G项。

_____
优选真题演练

　[2021·浙江卷1月]Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long，snaking line—called a serpentine line—and serve each person at the front with the next available register. __34__ This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line，a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead，it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers，this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes，as on a Sunday afternoon，the system gets particularly busy.

[2021·全国卷甲]Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. 37.Less people than that, and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
__38__.They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition

[2021·全国卷甲]A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
·Invite 5 — 10 people so you have a nice selection. __37__， and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition

　[2021·全国卷乙]And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party，the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). __40__.Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
A．How do you know the host
B．The first step is to go exploring
C．If you ask the question “How did you get here？”
D．Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F．What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G．He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most

[2021·浙江卷1月]If there are three lines in the store，delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability：__33__ So it's not just in your mind：Another line probably is moving faster.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C.Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers，this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes，as on a Sunday afternoon，the system gets particularly busy.

_____
名校好题必测

2022学年广东省顺德区普通高中教学质量检测
Sometimes, you just have to let it all out. There is much to complain about these days. Venting (发泄) can be comfortable, bonding and even productive. Who needs toxic positivity (毒鸡汤) when you can unload your way forward?
____16____ Complain to the wrong person and your hurt feelings and minor complaint become team gossip. Complain too often and you’ll affect the whole office with your complaints, making your co-workers to vent about you. Suddenly, you’re in trouble.
There’s a right way to blow off steam. If you must air your annoyances, do so carefully and consciously.
Don’t vent to your boss, or to colleagues below you in the organization. That will just spark fighting between teams. ____17____ This person should not be involved in the situation that bothers you.
Your complaint should be centred around yourself. ____18____ Keep your comments about co-workers and bosses objective. For example, instead of saying, “Bob was rude,” note that Bob interrupted you, and that made you feel like he doesn’t have confidence in your work.
____19____ Anything written will always be risky. Play it safe and try venting to yourself first in a voice memo. Yell into your phone. Play it back privately. Ask yourself, “Do I sound ridiculous?” Then hit delete.
I used to complain about everything on my social-media accounts. I treated it like a diary. I kept getting involved in online arguments. ____20____ Exposing my deepest emotions to strangers only raised my anger. I quit social media. I rediscovered the joy of screaming in my bedroom and scrawling(乱涂乱画) in a journal. There’s a visceral ( 发自肺腑的) feeling of the anger translating out through my hands.
A. Pick someone you trust.
B. Focus on how you’re feeling.
C. Venting can be risky, though.
D. Keep it off-screen if you can.
E. Pretend everything is sunny.
F. I realized I felt more negative emotions.
G. There are times when only a vent will do.

河北唐山一中2022—2023学年度第一学期期中考试
Are You a Prisoner of Perfection?
Do you struggle for a goal that is beyond your reach? ___16___ Are you setting yourself up for failure and shame when you can’t achieve the unachievable? Understanding what drives perfectionism is the first step toward releasing this self-created anchor that keeps us stuck.
Shame and fear are often the hidden drivers of perfectionism. We believe that if we can fashion a perfectly polished personality, flash our intelligence, and perfect our humour, then no one can hurt us with criticism and we’ll win respect and approval.
___17___ Politicians who display a desperate need to be right and refuse to acknowledge mistakes or uncertainty are often driven by a secret shame. They fear that showing vulnerability(弱点) will expose them to the accusation that they’re weak. They stick to a desire to be right, perfect, and polished, even when it’s obvious that the emperor has no clothes.
Perfectionism keeps us leaning toward the future. We’re constantly evaluating ourselves in order to do better. ___18___ However, if we can’t relax and enjoy lighter moments, then we become prisoners of our perfectionism. We get painfully self-conscious and take ourselves too seriously. Sadly, we deprive(剥夺) ourselves of the simple pleasure of enjoying the moment and being ourselves.
___19___ We realize that failing at any enterprise doesn’t mean that we are a failure. Without failures, we’ll never learn from our mistakes; we’ll never move forward in our lives. Those who succeed have made countless mistakes. The important thing is to learn from our error, forgive ourselves and move on.
Being human, perfection is impossible. ___20___ Releasing ourselves from the desire to protect our image, we’re freed to sail gracefully through our successes and failures—and enjoy our precious life.
A. Do you hold an idealized vision that is impossible to realize?
B. A cure to perfectionism is to make room for our human shortcomings.
C. Do you fear that others will be horrified by what you judge about yourself?
D. The addiction to staying perfect protects us from any sign of being imperfect.
E. There’s nothing wrong with wanting to do our best and self-correcting along the way.
F. People who are addicted to perfection are often isolated, even if they seem outgoing and popular.
G. By accepting ourselves as we are and doing our best, we begin to rid the shame that drives perfectionism.

湖南省长沙市长郡中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题
Success looks different for everyone. For one person, it could mean getting a promotion or creating a better work-life balance. ____16____
But while making changes in your life can seem overwhelming, it doesn’t have to be. You can do small things that have a huge impact on your quality of life. Check out three things you can do that will empower you to be more successful — on your own terms.
Set weekly and monthly goals.
Setting regular goals for yourself can keep you from getting stagnant in both your professional and personal life. The best way to keep track of your goals is to write them down. Jot them on a whiteboard, a notepad on your desk, or an online calendar — anywhere you can see them regularly. (“Exercise three times this week”, for example, or “Finish a big presentation.”) ____17____
Set aside time for yourself every day.
____18____ It’s important to stop, take a breath, and have some time just for yourself. Set up calendar alerts or block out “busy” time in your daily calendar that makes you unav