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（2022·山东·曹县教学研究室二模）Li Shizhen was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history. He was born in Qichun, Hubei in 1518. Both of Li Shizhen’s father and grandfather were doctors. Li Shizhen’s grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs(药草)and cured(治愈)people. His father was a doctor who wrote several books.
Li Shizhen used to help his father in his medical practice when he was young. Li Shizhen’s father wanted him to enter politics(从政). Li Shizhen studied for the exams and passed the country—level examination, but he was never able to pass the imperial(帝国的)examination. When he was 38, he cured the son of the Prince of Chu and was invited to be an official in that court(宫廷). A few years later, he became an official at the Imperial Medical Institute. Even though he fulfilled his father’s dream, he didn’t want to continue working for the court. One year later, he left the court and returned to be a doctor again.
Li Shizhen was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica(《本草纲目》). He spent 27 years writing the book. Unluckily, Li Shizhen died before the book was officially published. It is such a successful book. Now it is still one of the most important medical books in China.
1．What did Li Shizhen’s father want Li Shizhen to do?
A．To be a doctor. B．To write a book. C．To enter politics.
2．When he was 38, Li Shizhen cured ________.
A．his grandfather B．the son of the Prince of Chu C．an official in that country
3．According to the passage, what was Li Shizhen famous for?
A．Working for the court.
B．Curing a lot of people.
C．The book, Compendium of Materia Medica.
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Li Shizhen’s grandfather was a country doctor and wrote several books.
B．Li Shizhen studied for the exams and passed the imperial examination.
C．Compendium of Materia Medica is one of the most important medical books in China.
5．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Li Shizhen’s life. B．Li Shizhen’s book. C．Li Shizhen’s herbs.
（2022·宁夏·银川唐徕回民中学一模）Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people will think of Confucius(孔子), whose birthday was September 28. Although he lived over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution to the education today.
Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, which lies in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had a hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work to help his mother,but young Confucius didn’t give up studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music,history, poetry and sports.
Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime.
Today ,people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy to be learned. “When I am with three people of them must be better than me in some areas. I choose their qualities and follow them.”
He also taught us that thinking is very important in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.”
Confucius is not only a great teacher but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. “A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others,” he said.
6．Today we still remember Confucius mainly because ________.
A．He lived a poor life in his childhood
B．he had wise thoughts and great views about education
C．he traveled with his students from state to state
D．he lived during the Spring and Autumn Period
7．Confucius learned music, history, poetry and sports _________ as a child.
A．by teaching himself at home B．with the help of his mother
C．by going to school D．by visiting many famous teachers
8．The underlined word “noble” in Paragraph 3 has the closest meaning to _______ .
A．poor B．bright C．wealthy D．cute
9．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．All study but no thinking makes people puzzled.
B．No one has something worthy to be learned.
C．All thinking but no study makes people lazy.
D．A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others.
（2022·宁夏银川·模拟预测）Li Shizhen was born in 1518. His father was a poor doctor. Li Shizhen often saw that people fell ill. He decided to study medicine so that he could be able to help people.
Li Shizhen read many books about medicine. He found many of the old medical books to be full of mistakes. So his wish was to write a new one.
He did his best to study medical science. He studied not only the herbs(草药) in his own garden, but also the wild ones. He set out many times on longer journeys to collect herbs and talk with old peasants(农民). He learned a lot from the working people.
After many years of hard work and study, Li Shizhen finished his great work “Ben Cao Gang Mu”. At that time he was sixty. His book is now one of the greatest contributions of the Chinese people to the medical science of the world.
10．Li Shizhen’s father was ________.
A．a soldier B．a doctor C．a teacher
11．Li Shizhen decided to study medicine because he wanted to ________.
A．making a living B．become famous
C．help the people who fell ill D．get more money
12．“Ben Cao Gang Mu” is ________.
A．a medical book B．a medical worker C．a herb D．a dictionary
13．Li Shizhen collected a lot of ________ on his long journeys.
A．flowers B．living things C．plants D．herbs
（2022·四川·双流中学模拟预测）
Confucius (551-479 BC), one of the most important Chinese philosophers (哲学家), lived during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC). After all these years, his influence is still strong in modern times.
Unlike the abstract philosophy of Laozi, Confucian ideas about right and wrong are easy to understand and apply to daily life. “It’s all about the everyday. It’s all about family,” Roger Ames, a Confucius expert at Peking University, told China Daily.
For example, many Chinese learn at an early age to “be filial to parents and respectful to brothers” (入则孝，出则悌). Confucius believed that if everyone knows how to love their families, they will know how to love others, love their country, and love the world.
“Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you” is the favorite Confucius doctrine (信条) of Guo Jiulin, a professor at Dalian Minzu University. “It reminds me that if a person wants to fulfill (实现) his social ambitions (抱负), he must first be strict with himself in words and deeds,” he told China Daily.
Another important Confucian idea is he, or harmony (和谐). Sun Yiting, a student from Zhejiang University, values it. “It reminds me to calm down when I get angry,” she said. “It reminds me to put myself in others’ shoes. This way of thinking makes my life much happier.”
Confucian ideas can even be applied to today’s global problems, according to Ames.
“Confucius believed that the only way I can take my stand is by helping other people take theirs (己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人). If my neighbor does better, I do better. That’s the Confucian wisdom. This is really needed in the world today,” said Ames.
14．According to Confucius, ________ is of special importance.
A．the harmony of human and nature B．love for the country C．family
15．What does the underlined “This” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．The understanding between people.
B．The spirit of helping one another.
C．The wisdom of being respectful to brothers.
16．What can you infer from the passage?
A．People may find it difficult to understand the philosophy of Laozi.
B．Guo Jiulin believes that those who are strict with themselves will never fail.
C．Sun Yiting values “he” a lot because she used to get angry easily.
17．Tom is a primary school student who can’t get on well with his family. Which of the following is the most helpful for him?
A．“Be filial to parents and respectful to brothers.”
B．“Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you.”
C．“The only way I can take my stand is by helping other people take theirs.”
18．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing this article?
A．To introduce the life of Confucius.
B．To describe how Confucian ideas became popular in modern China.
C．To explain why Confucian wisdom still plays an important role.
（2022·重庆一中二模）Spring Scene
The state is destroyed, but the country remains.
In the city in spring, grass, grows everywhere.
Feeling sad about the times, even the flowers cry.
Hating to par, hearing birds breaks our heart.
This famous poem was written by Du Fu 712—770, Tang Dynasty. When he found himself alone in Chang’an now Xi’an, having no hope for his country. Du Fu was born in 712 in Gongyi, he loved to read. “When I was in my seventh year, my mind was already full of heroic things. When I was in my ninth year, I first began to red my poems in public.” he wrote.
In Du Fu’s teens, his family was rich enough to allow him to go traveling. China then was at the height of wealth under the amazing emperor Xuanzong of Tang. Among all the places Du Fu visited, there was a special one—Qufu (孔子). The teachings of Confucius were Du Fu’s basic ideas all his life. For Du Fu, his main goal of life was to help the emperor realize social stability. There were no big or sudden changes and people lived happily and worked without fighting or disagreeing with one another. But however much he wanted to achieve the goal, he was completely helpless. His dream of using power and fame was broken into a thousand pieces.
When Du Fu was about 30, came the meeting that changed his life with the poet Li Bai. Li Bai gave him a lot of inspiration in the art of poetry. But their poems were different. Li Bai’s poems were usually about nature, while Du Fu’s generally dealt with themes such as history and how people must live according to Confucianism.
In mid—December 755, a huge rebellion (叛乱) led by An Lushan broke out. After that Du Fu’s life was made up of short stops at different places. Through ups and downs, pouring out his worries about the country and people as well as celebrating simple joys of life. In 77, he died on a riverboat between Danzhou now Changsha, Hunan province. But the cause of his death is still unknown.
Du Fu lived through the fall of China’s fantastic Tang dynasty. He wrote many poems to express feelings of the ordinary people, especially for the poor. He is better than anyone else at reflecting history in his works. As Shakespeare (莎士比亚) is to literature (文学), so is the poet Du Fu to literature in Chinese.
19．Du Fu was born in ________.
A．Gongyi B．Qufu C．Danzhou D．Yueyang
20．The underlined word “stability” in Paragraph 2 probably means _______.
A．动荡 B．萧条 C．繁荣 D．稳定
21．According to the passage,we can infer that ________.
A．Du Fu is the greatest poet in Chinese history
B．Li Bai gave Du Fu inspiration in the art of poetry
C．Du Fu showed a gift for poems at a young age
D．An Lushan killed Du Fu secretly on a riverboat
22．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．The Fall of China’s Tang Dynasty
B．China’s Shakespeare: Du Fu
C．The Friendship between Two Great Poets
D．Chinese Literature Treasure: Du Fu’s Poems
（2022·江苏·滨海县第一初级中学三模）During the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong asked the prime minister（宰相）Feng Deyi to recommend talented people. However, several months passed. Feng didn’t recommend anyone.
“I tried my best, but there are not unusual and well-rounded（全面发展的）people at all.”
Feng said. “People are like utensils（器物）. What we need to do is to make good use of their strengths. You should blame yourself for not noticing talented people. How could you say that there are no talented people in our era?”said the emperor.
Indeed, each utensil or tool has a specific function. A knife is made to cut things while chopsticks are made to pick up food. We can’t use a knife as a chopstick. Like a utensil, each person has a particular strength. Nobody is perfect. We can’t expect a person to be good at everything.
With this idea in mind, Emperor Taizong discovered many talented people of different backgrounds. He offered them important positions, which helped them make the most of their talents. His talented people helped the society develop and created a “golden age”.
A good example is Ma Zhou, who grew up in a poor family. Ma gave a lot of useful advice, so Emperor Taizong offered him a position and promoted（晋升）him many times. Ma helped the emperor deal with complicated issues and became a well-known person in history.
As long as a person is talented in one aspect, we should give them a chance. The same idea can be found in the Analets of Confucus（《论语》）. Treating people as utensils shows not only good leadership, but a sincere and inclusive attitude.
23．Why couldn’t Feng Deyi find any talented people at first?
A．There were no talented people then. B．He was afraid of being replaced.
C．He tried to find well-rounded people. D．He was dissatisfied with the emperor.
24．Ma Zhou is a good example of people who ________.
A．have no talent but are still useful B．are unusual and well-rounded
C．know when to take a chance D．show talent in the right field
25．What can we learn from the story?
A．Chance favors only the prepared mind.
B．Many hands make light work.
C．Where there is a will, there is a way.
D．Talented people should be valued and led to the right place.
（2022·广东·深圳市龙岗区平湖中学三模）Li Qingzhao (1084-1155) is one of the best-known female writers in Chinese history. At a time when women commonly burned their poems rather than having them read in public, Li used hers to publicly criticize（批评）the bad social phenomena, and today she is known as “the most talented woman in history”.
Born into a famous literary family, Li was someone who always wanted to destroy old customs and traditions from the start. Women in the Song Dynasty stayed indoors. They didn’t discuss politics, and only spoke when spoken to. But just at the age of 17, Li Qingzhao made a name for herself.
She was lucky in her marriage. In 1101, she married Zhao Mingcheng, with whom she shared the interest in the art collection. They lived in present-day Shandong. They were not wealthy, but they lived happily together. Li and her husband collected many books. They shared a love of poetry and often wrote poems for each other. They sold clothes and went hungry to slowly build up a big library, and they always spent their nights on literary drinking games such as this one: An event would be chosen from a pile of books, and the first person to name the book, chapter, page, and line where it was found would win.
This happy life was ruined by the wars of 1127. The Northern Song capital fell this year during the Jin-S
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