专题03-高二期末磨尖卷-2022-2023学年下学期(新高考专用)原卷版.docx

专题03 高二期末磨尖卷
本试卷共10页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What will Angie do first?
A．Play soccer B．Tidy up her room C．Finish her homework
2．What did the speakers say about the restaurant?
A．They are both disappointed by the recent changes.
B．The chef and the food are the best around.
C．It's one of their favorite places to eat in.
3．What does Bill like very much?
A．English lessons. B．Musical instruments. C．Singing songs.
4．What kind of business does David’s father’s company do?
A．Computer programming.
B．Electronic engineering.
C．Clothing design.
5．What makes the woman have such an elegant haircut?
A．Attending an important party with her parents tonight.
B．Attending a vital party with her friends tonight.
C．Attending her important friend’s wedding tonight.

第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6、7两个小题。
6．Why is it an important day for the man?
A．He will sign an agreement.
B．He will attend a wedding.
C．He will pick up an important guest.
7．What color is the tie the man will wear?
A．Red. B．Blue. C．Grey.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。
8．Why does the woman invite the man to the beach?
A．To relax. B．To see a whale. C．To gather plastic.
9．Who will deal with the garbage?
A．The community. B．The government. C．A recycling company.
10．What is the woman like?
A．Lazy. B．Responsible. C．Energetic.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。
11．What is the relationship between the speaker?
A．Co-workers B．Friends C．Strangers.
12．why does the woman think the dog might be around?
A．She saw it walk past.
B．She heard it bark nearby.
C．She met it at her neighbor’s.
13．What feature does the dog have?
A．It’s large. B．It’s yellow. C．It’s spotted.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17三个小题。
14．What can we learn about the man?
A．He’s lost his way. B．He’s lost something. C．He’s going to the hospital.
15．Where does the man work?
A．In a town. B．In London. C．In a hospital.
16．Why does the man come to the town?
A．To do business. B．To have a holiday. C．To find a job.
17．Where are the speakers now?
A．On the way to the hospital B．On the way to London. C．On the way to a town.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。
18．What does the woman plan to do with Sharon?
A．To do homework together.
B．To go to see a film.
C．To go to school.
19．Where is the woman’s report card?
A．In her schoolbag. B．At Sharon’s. C．At the teacher’s office
20．What trouble does the woman have got in her Spanish?
A．She always hands in her assignments in time.
B．She was confused by some verbs on her last test.
C．She finds it is a piece of cake for her to learn Spanish
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) has changed in recent years because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Last year, an online version of the event was held for the first time. This year, the physical show returned to Las Vegas, Nevada. But the number of attendees decreased by about 70 percent. CES is produced by the Consumer Technology Association. It’s known as the place where many companies across the globe show their most up-to-date technology offerings. Here is a look at some of the top products presented at CES 2022.
Labrador’s assistive robot
Robot maker Labrador announced the launch of its Retriever robot. The small, self-driving machine is designed to hold things and, as its name suggests, also retrieve (取回) things. The robot can be controlled by voice commands or from an app on a phone. It can also be programmed based on an exact map of a user’s home. The company says the Retriever is designed to serve as an extra pair of hands and lighten the load of everyday tasks in the home.
AirSelfie camera
Electronics maker AirSelfie launched its up-to-date self-flying camera designed to take “selfie” pictures. The new device, called AirPix, is a small, light camera that flies through the air and takes high-quality photographs and videos. A video on the company’s website explains that Air Pix can fly, frame and take pictures all by itself before landing back on the user’s hand.
Self-driving tractor
American-based farm equipment producer John Deere presented a fully self-driving tractor. The company says the vehicle is equipped with six different cameras and a series of sensors to guide the tractor through the fields. Farmers can control the vehicle and see the tractor’s progress in real time through a mobile device. John Deere says the concept is to help farmers do more work with fewer tools and other people.
21．Which of the following statements is True about CES?
A．It is usually held offline. B．It has attracted more attendees this year.
C．It is intended for American companies. D．It is held annually both online and offline.
22．Who are most likely to be interested in Labrador’s assistive robot?
A．Photographers. B．Cleaners. C．Housewives. D．Farmers.
23．What do AirSelfie camera and the self-driving tractor have in common?
A．They both have a light camera. B．They both are really very smart.
C．They both help with farm work. D．They come from the same producer.
B
Zhu Dejun’s first job after graduating from college was as a road design engineer at an institute in his hometown, Alshaa League, North Chin’s Inner Mongolia autonomous region. In 2011, when Zhu was conducting a road survey along with his colleagues, he saw a plant that he didn’t recognize. Later, Zhu learned that the plant was a saxaul tree which is an excellent tree species for sand fixation and afforestation(造林) in desert areas. It’s commonly seen, though easily ignored. Known as a desert guardian, a fully grown saxaul tree can hold together a 10-square-meter patch of desert land, according to Zhu.
Zhu quit his job at the design institute in 2014 and joined a nonprofit organization, the Society of Entrepreneurs and Ecology Conservation, or SEE, in the same year, concentrating on tackling desertification.
The organization, devoted to ecological protection and social responsibility, was located in the Alshaa League of Inner Mongolia. During the past eight years, Zhu has been leading a team from SEE to plant saxaul trees in sandy areas in Alshaa League and other places of Inner Mongolia.
In 2014, the SEE launched a project titled “one million saxaul trees”, aiming to reach that number from 2014 to 2023, turning the desert of more than 133,330 hectares back into a satisfying ecosystem. By the end of 2018, half of the organization’s goal had been achieved.
In 2016, Ant Finance cooperated with SEE to introduce the Ant Forest platform, not only encouraging people to choose “a low-carbon way” of shopping, traveling and living, but also to help control desertification.
Through the participation of a greater number of online users, who grow virtual trees, the SEE Foundation, set up in 2008, has been providing subsidies(补助金)for local herdsmen and farmers while also offering technological support to plant saxaul trees in desert areas. Now, Zhu is the head of the foundation’s project to fight desertification. He also gives lectures about saxaul trees and the fight against desertification at schools, hoping to raise awareness among young people.
24．What did Zhu Dejun do first after graduation?
A．He researched on saxaul trees.
B．He joined a nonprofit organization.
C．He found ways to fight desertification.
D．He focused on road design engineering.
25．Why are saxual trees planted by Zhu’s team?
A．They are easily taken care of.
B．They can grow fast in deserts.
C．They are perfect for holding water.
D．They can fight desertification effectively.
26．What did SEE do to control desertification?
A．They teamed up with Ant Finance.
B．They planted one million saxaul trees.
C．They held online lectures on desertification.
D．They encouraged donation from online users.
27．How can online users help Zhu’s team?
A．By providing subsidies.
B．By raising awareness.
C．By planting trees online.
D．By offering technological support.
C
Could school exams of the future be taken online?  Ofqual, the organisation that makes sure exams in England are fair, is looking at the possibility of online testing for pupils.
Ofqual says it will explore the use of online testing over the next three years. The plans could be the first step towards online GCSEs and A- levels — the exams taken at the end of high school and beyond. At the moment the idea is in its early stages, but Ofqual says it wants to“explore the role of adaptive testing”— when online exams would automatically adjust to suit a pupil’s ability level.
Currently, exam papers are sent to schools where pupils sit in a large hall, on a specific date, to complete the tests on paper. Ofqual says the pandemic highlighted how this is not suitable under all circumstances.
Ofqual isn’t going to rush to make big changes. Ofqual chair Ian Bauckham said:“All proposed changes need to be carefully assessed for their impact on students, including those with special educational needs and disabilities. ”
Geoff Barton, general secretary of the Association of School and College Leaders, welcomed the plans to move away from exam papers. “Our current reliance on a pen-and-paper exam system, organised on an industrial scale (规模) with strict security arrangements around the transportation and storing of papers, is hopelessly outdated. ”
Mary Bousted, joint general secretary of the National Education Union, said that a greater role for technology was“worth researching”but that public opinion showed many people felt using“exams alone”was outdated. She would like to see a broader way of measuring pupils’ abilities, such as grading the work pupils do in class and for projects.“Education, and the proof of what a student has achieved in their time at school and college, is about far more than showing what can be remembered in an end-of-course exam. Grades and assessments should reflect this, otherwise, we are doing young people a disservice, ”she said.
28．What will Ofqual do?
A．Cancel GCSEs immediately.
B．Explore the practicality of online exams.
C．Offer A-levels to primary school students.
D．Ensure the fairness of the qualification system.
29．What does the underlined word“this”in paragraph 3 probably refer to?
A．Making big changes.
B．Special needs education.
C．The traditional way of testing.
D．Carrying out adaptive testing.
30．What is Ian Bauckham’s view on the pen-and-paper exam?
A．It should be gradually transformed.
B．It is unfriendly to disabled students.
C．It is still a perfect assessment method.
D．It requires stricter security arrangements.
31．What would Mary Bousted most probably support?
A．Offering all of the exams online.
B．Stopping grading students in classes.
C．Collecting people’s opinions on exams.
D．Adopting various forms of assessment.
D
The “butterfly effect” may be real, which is used to describe seemingly insignificant events that can have unplanned consequences. But there might be a more literal “butterfly effect” taking place right before our eyes, scientists suggest.
According to new research, insects actually carry electrical charges which can have enormous effects on the atmosphere, potentially influencing even the weather. The findings were published Monday in the journal Science.
Before you can understand that, you have to understand how electrical charges in the atmosphere work. The Earth’s atmosphere always carries an electrical charge to a lesser or greater degree, which scientists refer to as the Potential Gradient (PG). Scientists concluded that atmospheric electricity is primarily driven by natural weather events like thunderstorms and shower clouds, though factors like human pollution also affect it. Researchers, therefore, want to know how electrical charges impact clouds.
To confirm that honeybees carry electrical charges, researchers placed an electrical field monitor near a swarm of (一群) honeybees near the University of Bristol. They also placed a control monitor in a field where there were no bee swarms. The monitor near the bee swarm picked up an increase in electrical charge whereas the control monitor detected no such effect, confirming their assumption.
Second, the researchers wanted to calculate the insects’ electrical effects on the atmosphere compared to the electrical impacts of natural weather events like clouds and dust storms. They calculated the electrical charge of three different types of insect swarms. Most surprisingly, insects’ electrical charges can have just as significant an impact on atmospheric electricity as natural weather events.
The knowledge that insects impact the atmosphere’s electricity has bigger implications for science. PG affects the “movement of aerosols (气溶胶) in the atmosphere, and leads to charging of droplets in some clouds,” according to Hunting. Insect swarms likely won’t drive weather events like thunderstorms, but they could impact the movement of these atmospheric aerosols.
Further research will dive into this previously unexplored field of scientific research and may go beyond insects, since organisms like birds and microbes also carry electrical charges.
32．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The background of the research.
B．The publication of journal Science.
C．The work of electrical charges in atmosphere.
D．The electrical effects of insects on atmosphere.
33．How did researchers conduct the process of experiments?
A．By using statistics. B．By analyzing causes.
C．By introducing concepts. D．By making comparisons.
34．Which has the least electrical effects on the atmosphere’s electricity?
A．Human pollution. B．Shower clouds.
C．The thunderstorms. D．The insect swarms.
35．What can we learn about the research from the passage?
A．Insect swarms are likely to drive thunderstorms.
B．Natural weather events lead to charging of droplets.
C．Both PG and insect swarms affect the movement of atmospheric aerosols.
D．Researchers have made controlled experiment between insects and organisms.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyone gets angry. If you’re experiencing huge anger, though, it could be damaging your mental and physical health as well as your relationships with others. Uncontrolled anger can be potential problems, such as anger management issues or mental disorder. ___36___ To control your anger, you can try to