英语阅读（3）形成性考核册.docx

英语阅读（3）形成性考核册
Students learning progress report
Chapter1
1. 从第一章节的文章题目来看，你希望从这一章获得哪些方面的信息？至少列出三个问题。第一章出一个事例。
Example: Why are smiles disappearing?
Which country seems to be smiling less?
What’s the silent language?
在学习第一章时，你遇到哪些难点？
2.
Reading Skill: Skimming
Different silent languages in different countries.

3．你从第一章中学到了些什么？比如词汇、句式、知识或信息等。
Reading Skill: Skimming
few 很少的，几乎没有的
carefree： 无忧无虑的。
sullenness：阴郁
self-congratulation：为自己庆祝。
passive：被动的
automatic：不由自主的
beam：开颜，微笑
affection：爱

Nor are the readers.
读者也是如此。
此句为nor引出的倒装句，nor 和neither为否定连接词,可引出倒装句与前句呼应。

Students learning progress report
Chapter2
1.从第二章节的文章题目来看，你希望从这一章获得哪些方面的信息？至少列出三个问题。why do men need to be liberated?
what are the larger results of gender differences
how can women stronger than men?

2.在学习第二章时，你遇到哪些难点？
Reading Skill: Predicting
Reading Skill: Surveying Your Textbook
Reading Skill: Surveying a Chapter

3.你从第二章中学到了些什么？比如词汇、句式、知识或信息等。

rough: 粗犷的
take care of an office: 料理公事
nature & nurture 先天性和后天性
born bigger than girls: 一出生就比女孩大些
less developed at birth: 刚出生时不如女孩发育好
mature: adj./vi. 成熟（的）
conceive: 怀胎；构思
stillbirth: 死胎，死产
ratio: 比率
recovery n.ß recover vi. (from)从……中恢复
In any case, it seems just a matter of time that this ancient and unusual matriarchy will be changing to a more typical patriarchal system.
不管怎样，这种古老的，不寻常的母系社会制度转变成更具代表性的父系制度似乎只是个时间问题。
此句为复合句，主句为it seems just a matter of time，而that 引出定语从句修饰time。

Students learning progress report
Chapter3
1.从第三章节的文章题目来看，你希望从这一章获得哪些方面的信息？至少列出三个问题。What can we do in educational reform?
Could there be any applications of the montessori ideas to university education?
How to prevent the voices from the classroom?

2.在学习第三章时，你遇到哪些难点？
提高阅读速度
预测生词
前缀后缀

3.你从第三章中学到了些什么？比如词汇、句式、知识或信息等。
be faced with面临着
literacy: ability to read & write有文化/读写能力 ßliterate adj. able to read & write 有文化的/有读写能力的à illiterate adj./n. unable to read & write不识字的/文盲
diverse adj. different kinds of 不同的，多种多样的àdiversify vt.使多样化
value vt. attach importance to重视
increasingly complex: more and more complex日益复杂
be caught between A & B: be in a dilemma困于A与B之间；左右为难，进退维谷
state-mandated adj.国家规定的ßmandate vt.颁布，委托，批准
throw out: reject/exclude拒绝，排斥
a gap (difference) between A & B: A和B之间的差距

What new challenges do American teachers of English think they will face over the next five years?
美国英语教师认为他们在未来5年将会面临什么新挑战？

此句为主谓宾句型：主句为do American teachers of English think；What new challenges为宾语从句中谓语face over的宾语

Students learning progress report
Chapter4
1.从第四章节的文章题目来看，你希望从这一章获得哪些方面的信息？至少列出三个问题。Does the French suffer fewer heart attacks and less obesity than Americans?
What is the favourite French food?
What is the “New Lifestyle in China” about

2.在学习第四章时，你遇到哪些难点？
根据上下文猜测生词词义
怎样找出文章的大意

3.你从第四章中学到了些什么？比如词汇、句式、知识或信息等。
根据上下文猜测生词词义
amazingly: it is amazing that…; to one’s amazement
obesity n. 肥胖(病)ß obese adj. extremely fat/overweight
hedonism n. 享乐主义ß hedonic adj.享乐的
be/become cautious about对……谨慎【be careful about】
alcohol intake酒精摄入量
with gusto: with vigorous enjoyment/zest兴致勃勃地
moderate: within reasonable limits适度的，有节制的
serene pleasure醇静的愉悦
While much of the world, and the United States in particular, has gone on an "anti-fat" campaign, this is absolutely not the case in France.
虽然世界大部分地区，尤其美国，已经开展了“反油腻食物”运动，法国却决不是这么回事。
本句为复合句，While引出的是让步状语从句而不是时间状语从句。

Students learning progress report
Chapter5
1．从第五章节的文章题目来看，你希望从这一章获得哪些方面的信息？至少列出三个问题。Why aging is the number one problem in the world?
What is the dependency ratio?
Are there enough senior hones in Nanshi District to take care of the people over 60 living I that district?

2.在学习第五章时，你遇到哪些难点？
如何准确地猜词义
如何理解构词法
根据构词法猜测生词含义

3.你从第五章中学到了些什么？比如词汇、句式、知识或信息等。

address: direct to the attention of; put forward提出(以引起……的注意)
pose challenge to:向……提出挑战
in terms of就……而言，从……角度来讲
As the social structure changes in terms of demographics, so will tradition. = From the point of view of demographics, the social structure changes, so tradition will change as well.
account for: take up (在比例、数量上)占
career-oriented以事业为导向的；把心思放在事业上的
attentive adj.关心体贴的，殷勤的ßattend vt.照顾，护理
run vt. manage/operate经营
Now that "over-population" and "the aging crisis" are seen as problems by modern society world-wide, it is important that the elderly are not ignored, alienated or mistreated, but rather treasured for their great store of experience.
既然“人口过度”和“老龄化危机”已成为现代社会所面临的问题，那么有一点显得很重要，即，老年人不应该被忽视，孤立，虐待，而应因其丰富的社会经验受到重视。
本句是复合句，Now that引出让步状语从句；it为形式主语；that引出真实主语从句

Students learning progress report
Chapter6
1.从第六章节的文章题目来看，你希望从这一章获得哪些方面的信息？至少列出三个问题。What are the values of Biodiversity?
Have you noticed any trends in China towards preserving biodiversity?
What are some possible course for the loss of biodiversity?

2.在学习第六章时，你遇到哪些难点？
Reading skill: word analysis
How to guess the meaning of the words by breaking them into parts.

3.你从第六章中学到了些什么？比如词汇、句式、知识或信息等。
Reading skill: word analysis
biodiversity ß bio- (biology; species; plants & animals) + diversity (rich variety)生物多样化
reaffirm vt. re- (again) + affirm重申，再肯定
medicinal adj. medical ß medicine n.
be adapted to 适应
wipe out 摧毁
high-yielding adj. 高产的
indigenous adj. 本土的
hybrid adj. 杂种的，混合的
Biodiverse areas also contain genetic resources that may be needed to breed crop plants and animals adapted to changed conditions.
生物多样的地区还具有基因资源用以培育庄稼和动物以适应改变了的环境。
该句是复合句，Biodiverse areas also contain genetic resources是主句，之后that引导定语从句修饰genetic resources，adapted to changed conditions是过去分词作定语，修饰crop plants and animals.

Students learning progress report
Chapter7
1从第七章节的文章题目来看，你希望从这一章获得哪些方面的信息？至少列出三个问题。What are area listings？
What are type of places listed?
Which country’s people do not eat beef?

2.在学习第七章时，你遇到哪些难点？
How to get the main idea of a passage?
How to predict what will be discussed in this reading?

3.你从第七章中学到了些什么？比如词汇、句式、知识或信息等。
Reading skill: topic and the main idea
down-home adj. home-style 地道的，正宗的
specialty n. 特色菜，特产àlocal specialty 土特产
best-selling adj. 最火旺的
dimsum spot 点心店
eat-in only只在店内用餐【takeaway外卖(食品/餐馆)】
herbal adj. 草药的 ßherb n. 草药
certify vt. 证明，授予合格证
the real thing [oral Eng.]真正风味；上等货, 地道货, 原装货
interior adj. 内部的
authentic adj. 真正的，可信的
As dusk falls in Manila the balut night salesmen appear carrying wicker baskets containing a mixture of egg and duck embryos which are a national delicacy and credited with enhancing male strength.
当夜幕降临马尼拉时，晚上卖毛蛋的商贩出现了，他们背的柳条蓝里装着蛋和鸭毛蛋，这些东西是他们的民族风味，据说可以壮阳。
该句为主从复合句，As dusk falls in Manila是时间状语从句，the balut night salesmen是主句中主语，appear为谓语动词，carrying 到句尾为现在分词短语做伴随状语，其中containing a mixture of egg and duck embryos为现在分词做定语，修饰wicker baskets，which are a national delicacy and credited with enhancing male strength是定语从句修饰a mixture of egg and duck embryos.

Students learning progress report
Chapter8
1.从第八章节的文章题目来看，你希望从这一章获得哪些方面的信息？至少列出三个问题。What does the title “Bargain Fashion” suggests?
Where can we find the bargain shops?
How can we translate fashion?

2.在学习第八章时，你遇到哪些难点？
Skim to get the general idea
Recognize the supporting points
3.你从第八章中学到了些什么？比如词汇、句式、知识或信息等。
Reading skill: supporting paragraphs
scavenge vt. (+for) search through for useful material 搜寻可用之物
hand-me-down n. sth. handed down to one person after being used and discarded by another别人用过的且不要了之后传给另一个人的；便宜的旧货；旧衣服
rummage vi. search thoroughly by handling, turning over, or disarranging the contents of彻底搜查(通过搬运、翻动或弄乱来搜寻)
thrift shop: a shop that sells used articles, especially clothing, as to benefit a charitable organization旧货商店(尤指为慈善机构谋福利而出售旧衣物等用过的东西的商店)
comb vt. search thoroughly 彻底搜查
vintage adj. old-fashioned老式的
on the cheap [oral] 便宜地，节约地
quarterly newspaper季刊报纸
readership n. total number of readers读者总数

people from all sectors of society: people from all walks of life; people of all circles各界人士
Rummaging through thrift shops, combing weekend flea markets and yard sales, visiting vintage fashion stores, and even surfing the Internet has become a passion for people seeking out fashion treasures on the cheap.
从便宜货中寻找时尚的人们，狂热地在旧货商店，周末跳蚤市场和庭院旧货出售中精挑细捡，还逛老时尚店，上网寻货。
这是简单句，主语由Rummaging，combing， visiting和surfing几个动名词短语构成，has become 是系动词作谓语，a passion为表语，之后的成分是介词短语作状语，其中又有seeking 现在分词短语作定语修饰people.

Students learning progress report
Chapter9
1.从第九章节的文章题目来看，你希望从这一章获得哪些方面的信息？至少列出三个问题。What is the title “Are you ready?” discussing\/
What type of writing is “the technology buyer’s guide”?
Are there any places similar to Gavzotas in China?

2.在学习第九章时，你遇到哪些难点？
Reading sill: scanning
In what way computers can replace human beings.
How could modern technology make the life better?
Understanding the long sentences

3.你从第九章中学到了些什么？比如词汇、句式、知识或信息等。
graze on the grass 吃草
electronic update 更新的电子指令
go about 着手干
anti-static adj. 抗静电的
dust vi. 吸尘
fold away 叠好
calorie-counted meals 计量了卡路里的饭菜
all-sensing adj. 全感的
scenario n. 景象
fenced into their urban ghettos 被圈进城市少数民族聚居区
Through the intelligent doors, which can recognize family members by their faces and fingerprints, and the weather-sensitive windows, which clean themselves, the home robots are going about their jobs in silence.
透过能通过家庭成员面容和指纹来识别他们的智能门，通过天气敏感窗户能自洁，可以看到机器人正来来往往静悄悄地工作。
本句为主从复合句，主句是the home robots are going about their jobs in silence， through介词短语作状语，这个成分很长，里面有两个并列词组the intelligent doors和the weather-sensitive windows作介词宾语，且分别后接which引导的非限定性定语从句。
Students learning progress report
Chapter10
1.从第十章节的文章题目来看，你希望从这一章获得哪些方面的信息？至少列出三个问题。What is the most innovative city?
What can we do if we want to have a good quality of life?
How can we coexist with nature?

2在学习第十章时，你遇到哪些难点？
Reading skill: pattern of listing
Find the signal words from the reading

3.你从第十章中学到了些什么？比如词汇、句式、知识或信息等。
Reading skill: pattern of listing
turn out 原来是，证明
make up of: 组成
at hand 在手边，供使用
soil-free hydroponic system：
无土栽培系统。
emerge from:出现
in addition to:并且，此外
be looked upon as：
被看作（带有仰慕之情）
choose to： 决定，选择
Specialists in a variety of fields from engineering to agriculture, have come together to create sustainable living environments in some of the less accessible parts of the world where the population is overflowing.
从工程到农业的各行各业的专家们走到了一起，在人口过多而交通不便的地区创造出可持续性的生活环境。
该句为复合句，主句主语是Specialists;介词短语in a variety of fields from engineering to agriculture作定语，句谓语动词是have come;动词不定式短语to create sustainable living environments in some of the less accessible parts of the world作目的状语; where引导定语从句修饰the world.

Students learning progress report
Chapter11
1.从第十一章节的文章题目来看，你希望从这一章获得哪些方面的信息？至少列出三个问题。How was printing developed?
Who made an effort on developing printing?
How do the musicians find a whole world to explore?
What does “world music” mean?

2.在学习第十一章时，你遇到哪些难点？
Reading skill: text-mapping of a chronological passage
How to make an text-map

3.你从第十一章中学到了些什么？比如词汇、句式、知识或信息等。
Reading skill: text-mapping of a chronological passage
Emperor Frederick II：
神圣罗马帝国皇帝腓特烈二世（1194-1250）
think后也可跟从句作宾语。
at large： 大多数，整个
go through： 经历
A paper mold, probably a sieve of coarsely woven cloth stretched in a four-sided bamboo frame, was used to dip up the beaten fiber and hold it for drying.
而后用制纸的模子将拍烂的纤维汲出，并将其置于其中晾干，这种模具大约是用四周竹蔑框将粗布绷平的细眼筛子。
句子主语是A paper mold；谓语是 was used；a sieve of coarsely woven cloth stretched in a four-sided bamboo frame是paper mold的同位语，其中又有stretched过去分词短语作定语修饰sieve；两个并列动词不定式短语dip和hold作状语。

Students learning progress report
Chapter12
1.从第十二章节的文章题目来看，你希望从这一章获得哪些方面的信息？至少列出三个问题。Who and what is the article about?
What are the main points about “out of Africa”?
What does the Winter Olympic Glory like?

2.在学习第十二章时，你遇到哪些难点？
Are males given more opportunities in sports than females in China?
Through subtitles to get the ideas of the organization of the reading.

3.你从第十二章中学到了些什么？比如词汇、句式、知识或信息等。
cross-country 越野赛
launching pad 发射台
neutral venue 中立地点
stem from：来自
even though：即使
the more the more：
Most people think that if a woman goes out of the country, she will be spoiled, that she will learn more than the others, and that when they tell her to do something, she will say no.
许多人认为女人若是迈出国门，就会学坏，她会比别人懂得多，因此让她做些事，她会说不。
该句为复合句，其中think后接三个由that 引导的宾语从句，其中第一个宾语从句里含有if 引导的状语从句; 第三个宾语从句里含有when 引导的状语从句。

Students learning progress report
Chapter13
1.从第十三章节的文章题目来看，你希望从这一章获得哪些方面的信息？至少列出三个问题。What are the purposes of “The art of reading” ?
What’s the standard of “The art of reading” ?
Was the image of the other country realistic?

2.在学习第十三章时，你遇到哪些难点？
Reading skill: figurative language
Close reading

3.你从第十三章中学到了些什么？比如词汇、句式、知识或信息等。
Reading skill: figurative language
reflect on：考虑，思考
attach to: 使与…关联
even if：即使，纵然
Odysseus：奥德修斯，希腊神话中的英雄
carry out: 实行，完成
concentrate on：集中注意力于
derive from：获得
point out: 指出
concern about:关心
Not but : 不是…而是
take in： 吸收，领会

Like a man falling in love with his sweetheart at first sight, everything is right.
这就像一见钟情的男子，一切都是对的
该句是简单句，Like介词短语作状语，其中falling in love with his sweetheart at first sight是现在分词短语作定语修饰a man.该句主要部分是everything is right.

Students learning progress report
Chapter14
1.从第十四章节的文章题目来看，你希望从这一章获得哪些方面的信息？至少列出三个问题。Why people love journey?
If we don’t have friends, how would our life be different?
Have you ever acted without compassion to a stranger and later regretted it?

2.在学习第十四章时，你遇到哪些难点？
How to analysis the long sentences?
How to improve reading skills?

3.你从第十四章中学到了些什么？比如词汇、句式、知识或信息等。
no sooner than: 刚…就
Celt:凯尔特人，公元前1000年左右居住在欧洲莱茵河，塞纳河，卢瓦尔河，多瑙河上游，公元前六世纪到公元初，创造了“拉登文化”。
act as：充任
in term of： 根据，从…方面来说
bog down 陷入泥沼，陷入困境
come alive： 活跃起来
You were encountered in the place where your deepest individuality lived.
你面对的是最深层的自我。
该句中，where引导定语从句修饰the place.

Students learning progress report
Chapter15
1.从第十五章节的文章题目来看，你希望从这一章获得哪些方面的信息？至少列出三个问题。Why is it not possible for parents to share equally in homework and childcare?
What the things we learned about the modern-day family?
What responsibilities do fathers have in the modern Chinese family?

2.在学习第十五章时，你遇到哪些难点？
Reading graphic aids—diagrams, tables and charts.
How to read charts?

3.你从第十五章中学到了些什么？比如词汇、句式、知识或信息等。
serve as: 起着…的作用
a variety of: 种种
care for: 照顾，照料，
as many as：多达
meet the needs of: 满足…的需求
a drain on：消耗（精力，体力，金钱等
hand over：交给
put in： 花时间
become involved in:介入，卷入
log in：特别花时间于某事

Around the world, in rich and poor countries alike, the structure of family life is undergoing profound changes, a new analysis of research from numerous countries has concluded.
对各国进行调查分析后，一份最新报告表明，全世界无论富国还是穷国，家庭生活的结构正发生巨大的变化。
该句句首Around和in介词短语为状语，the structure of family life is undergoing profound changes是has concluded的宾语从句,放在句首，以示强调。本句正常语序应为： A new analysis of research from numerous countries has concluded that around the world, in rich and poor countries alike, the structure of family life is undergoing profound changes.

Students learning progress report
Chapter16
1.从第十六章节的文章题目来看，你希望从这一章获得哪些方面的信息？至少列出三个问题。Why is Christmas celebrated in December？
Why do young people. think Ch