任务型阅读题的答题技巧.doc

任务型阅读题的答题技巧

在考试中，同学们出了掌握扎实的基础知识以外，灵活使用一些做题技巧行能帮助同学们快速、高效地完成试题，下面介绍解答任务型阅读的一些技巧。
一、掌握文章大意
任务型阅读主要涉及语篇的解读，如果我们能迅速找出文章的大意（main idea）和每一段的中心句（topic sentence），我们便能对文章有一个整体的把握。所以我们在平时的阅读和解题中应合理使用多种阅读技巧，密切关注每种文体的特征，注意短文和表格中提供的小标题，注意对文章中心思想的把握。阅读文章的方法和技巧也是多种多样的，可以根据不同的文体和个人的实际情况来采用适当的方法。常用的方法有：skimming(略读),scanning（速览）, fasting reading（快速阅读）,等。如读到说明文时，应使用skimming(略读)，抓住一些段落主题句；如遇到情节比较紧凑的记叙文时，应使用scanning（速览）和detailed reading（细节阅读）相结合的方法来获取相关信息等。
二、理清短文结构
了解短文的写作思路和线索结构，有助于加深对篇章内容的理解，同时短文的结构往往也是很重要的命题线索，表格项目基本上是根据篇章结构设计的。同学们在阅读时要关注文章的脉络，段落之间的逻辑关系，作者的意图等信息。
三、分析表格结构
根据已有的表格内容提示来确定根据短文表格的设计线索，认真阅读表格及其中的内容，注意其横向、纵向的类别规律和表达方式。
四、确定表格答案
在分析了解文章篇章结构的基础上，再认真地对照图表上所要完成的拼写任务，逐一对照原文进行信息的筛选。任务型阅读题为主观性试题，答题一定要符合题目要求、句子结构要求、同类或同栏表达一致性要求；要注意大小写、字迹等细节问题，以规范答题，求得最佳解题效果。

We explore the mystery and the history of this most sought-after（受人欢迎的、很吃香的） state of mind.
        幸福让人趋之若鹜，我们探索一下这种心理状态的奥秘与历史吧！
        Find Happiness 寻找幸福
        Aristotle once wrote that “happiness is a state of activity.” In other words, whether you’re seeking lifelong satisfaction or a few moments of good cheer, you’ve got to move forward. We’ve surveyed the experts and found five steps to take toward a sunny disposition.
       亚里士多德曾经写道：“幸福是一种活动状态。”换言之，无论你是追求终生的满足还是片刻的愉悦，你都得继续前行。我们咨询了有关专家，得到了通往阳光心情的五个步骤。

1. Value Your Relationships珍惜亲密关系
       Over a 30-year period, University of Illinois researchers asked nearly 120,000 people how income, education, political participation, volunteer activities, and close relationships affected their happiness. The finding are, “The highest levels of happiness are found with the most stable, longest, and most contented relationships.”
       伊利诺伊大学的研究员们在长达30多年的时间里，对近120000人进行了调查，询问收入、教育、政治参与、志愿服务以及亲密关系对其幸福有何影响。调查结果是：“最高等级的幸福感源自于最稳定、最长久、最满意的关系。”
2. Express Yourself 表达自我
       Singing aloud, talking to a stranger, raising your hand: All may increase a feeling of well-being, according to a study from Waker Forest University. Participants tracked their moods for two weeks and reported feeling happier when they were more outgoing and less happy when reserved or withdrawn.
       根据维克森林大学的一项研究，放声歌唱、与陌生人谈话、高举起你的手，所以这些都可以增加幸福感。被调查者追踪记录自己在两周内的情绪，报告显示当他们更外向的时候感觉更幸福，而当他们矜持或孤僻的时候则感觉不那么幸福。
3. Spend Money on Others为别人花钱
       The editors of forbes. Com gave $5 or $20 randomly to 46 strangers. Half the group was told to spend the money on themselves, while the other half was told to spend it on others. Those who’d shared the wealth felt much happier at the end of the day than those who’d spent it on themselves. There was no difference in happiness between those who spent $5 or $20, suggesting that it’s not how much money you spend, but how you spent it, that can boost the spirit.
       福布斯网的编辑们把5美元或者20美元随即送给46位陌生人，让他们当中的一半人把钱花在别人身上，让另外一半人把钱花在别人身上。一天下来，那些分享了财富的人比只给自己花钱的人感觉幸福得多。花5美元或者20美元所获得的幸福感并无区别，这说明提振精神不在于花了多少钱，而在于怎样花钱。
4. Focus on the Positive 专注于积极事物
       Studies from the University of Pennsylvania’s Positive Psychology Center show that downcast people who wrote down three good things that happened to them each day for six months reported an improved outlook.
       宾夕法尼亚大学积极心理学中心的研究表明，沮丧的人每天记下三件亲历的好事且坚持六个月，其人生观会有改善。
5. Hydrate Yourself  多喝水
       Drinking water really can help keep you buoyant. A small 2012 study from the University of Connecticut suggested that even slight dehydration compromised the moods of its female participants.
       喝水真的可以帮助你保持轻松愉快。2012年康涅狄格大学的一项小型研究表明，哪怕轻微的脱水也会破坏女性受访者的情绪。

Find Happiness---from Reader's Digest（文摘） Oct2012 标题
Aristotle once wrote that” happiness is a state of activity.” In other words, whether you are seeking lifelong satisfactory or a few months of good cheer, you’ve got to move forward. We’ve surveyed the experts and found five steps to take toward a sunny disposition:
1.       VALUE YOUR RELATIONSHIPS
Over a 30-year period, University of Illinois researchers asked nearly 120,000 people how income, education, political participation, volunteer activities, and close relationships affected their happiness. Reported Newsweek’s Sharon Begley on the findings, “The highest levels of happiness [are found] with the most stable, longest, and most contended relationships.”
2.      EXPRESS YOURSELF
Singing aloud, talking to a stranger, raising your hand: All may increase a feeling of well being, according to a study from Wake Forest University. Participants tracked their moods for weeks and reported feeling happier when they were more outgoing and less happy when reserved or withdrawn.
3.      SPEND MONEY ON OTHERS
The editors of gave $5 or $20 randomly to 46 strangers. Half the group was told to spend the money on themselves, while the other half was told to spend it on others. Those who’d shared wealth felt much happier at the end of the day than those who’d spend it on themselves. There was no difference in happiness between those who spent $5 or $20, suggesting that it’s not how much money you spend, but how you spend it, that can boost the spirit.
4.      FOCUS ON THE POSITIVE
Studies from the University of Pennsylvania’s Positive Psychology Center show that downcast people who wrote down three good things that happened to them each day for six months reported an improved outlook.
5.       HYDRATE YOURSELF
Drinking water really can help you buoyant. A small 2012 study from the University of Connecticut suggested that even slight dehydration compromised the moods of its female participants.
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