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新知识点讲解二
I'd like to trek through the jungle, because I like exciting vacations. 我想去热带丛林中旅行,因为我喜欢充满刺激的假期。
(1)辨析:through与across
二者都可译为“穿过”,但through是指从空间较狭窄的一头“穿”行到另一头,常指从事物(氛围)内部穿过,含义与in有关系。across是指从一条线或某一事物的表面的一边到另一边,常可译为“横过”,“横穿”,含义与in有关。例如:
The train is running through the tunnel. 火车正从隧道中穿过。
Two friends were walking through the forest when they met a bear. 两个朋友穿过一片森林时,突然遇到了一只熊。
It's dangerous to go across the road when traffic lights are red. 红灯亮时过马路很危险。
In the picture, there is an Arab on the camel going across the desert. 那张画上,一个阿拉伯人骑在骆驼上正在过沙漠。
(2)because是连词,连接一个原因状语从句,可置于句首,可放在主句后面表原因。because所表原因比较直接。要注意,so表结果,但在英语中却不能把because和so一起用于一个句子中表原因和结果,这一点与汉语不同。例如:
Helen is crying because she's broken her mother's necklace. = Helen has broken her mother's necklace, so she is crying. 海伦把妈妈的项链弄坏了,所以在哭。
I went to bed early because I was tired. = I was tired so I went to bed early. 我因为疲倦所以提早睡。
(3)辨析:because, as, since, for
<1>这四个词都是表示各种理由的连词。但because多表示所叙述的理由是本句的重点,故because所引导的从句多放于句末。例如:
Why am I leaving? I'm leaving because I want to. 为什么我要离开?因为我想离开。
<2>as, since用于表示理由是已知,而理由以外才是叙述的重点,两者皆多用于句首。但要注意:since更重形式,as多表示理由以外才是重点。例如:
Since you have no license, you are not allowed to drive. 因为你没有驾驶执照,所以你不可以开车。
As it is raining, let's stay at home. 因为下雨,我们就留在家里吧。
<3>for不用于句首,而用于主句之后,补充说明理由;主句表推测时,要用for说明理由。例如:
I'll follow his advice, for he is a doctor. 我会听从他的劝告,因为他是医生。
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