冲刺高考必背英语词组.doc

break
1. break out（战争、火灾等）突然爆发
2.break into闯入；破门而入；突然…起来break into cheers ~~pieces
　勉强动用　to break into one's savings　　　
3. break in打断；闯入；强行进入；打断；插嘴
It's her usual habit to break in with some ideas of her own.
The telephone ring broke in on/upon my thoughts. 电话铃声打断了我的思路。
4. break away from脱离
Lincoln said it was not fight for the south to break away from the union.
5. break down分解，起化学变化；Food is broken down by chemicals.
破坏；拆散；（机器）损坏break down old conventions　打破旧框框
The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)　据说和谈破裂了。
~~失败；破裂　　Their opposition broke down.
~~~~精神崩溃；失去控制　　He broke down and wept.
6. break through突破The marchers broke through the line of the police.
7. break off折断；中断；断绝
Let’s break off for half an hour and have some tea.
8. break up驱散，拆散vt. The police broke up the crowd.
结束；解散vi.　 The company top meeting didn't break up until midnight.
The crowd started to break up when the night fell.
(学校）开始放假　　When will you break up this winter? 今年冬季你们什么时候放假?
使发笑；逗乐；使苦恼　　That joke really broke me up. 那个笑话可把我逗乐了。　　
9.break away 逃走；逃脱Modern music like jazz has broken away from the old traditional rules.
断裂；开裂A large piece of ice broke away from the main block.
10.break sb of除去（某人的）习性　　Doctors keep trying to break him of smoking the drug.
bring
1. bring about 引起，实现，导致Science has brought about many changes in our lives.
2. bring (a)round
(1) 使改变观点或看法They tried to bring him round to their views.
(2) 使苏醒I am sure our doctors will bring him around in no time.
(3) 顺便把某人带来串门Why don’t you bring your wife around to see us some time?
3. bring back
(1) 送还，带回 (2) 使想起，使恢复
The old photo brought back many memories./ A week by the sea brought her back to health.
4. bring down
(1) 击落或打落(飞机、飞鸟等)，使落下
(2) 打死或打伤(野兽、动物等) He aimed, fired and brought down the camel.
(3) 使倒下，推翻bring down the government.
(4) 降低(温度、价格、费用等)
5. bring forth 产生，引起，结果Trees bring forth fruit. /She has brought forth a child.
6. bring in
(1) 收获(庄稼等)We brought in a good harvest last year.
(2) 获利，(使)得到(收入)
(3) 介绍，引进He brought in six new members last month.
(4) 聘请They’ve brought in experts to advise on the scheme.
7. bring on
(1) 带来，造成，引起。Dirt often brings on diseases.
(2) 促使成长或生长。The hot weather is bringing the wheat on nicely.
(3) 帮助 (学习者等)进步或提高。More study can bring on your English.
8. bring out
(1) 取出，拿出。
(2) 显示出，揭示出，衬托出，使出来。It brought out the meaning of the poem.
This picture is very clear and ~~ the wrinkles in her face. //The sunshine will ~~ the blossom.
(3) 出版(书刊等)，推出(作品、产品等)。
~~ two new books at the same time. ~~a new type of car.生产一种新型的汽车。
9. bring over 说服，使改变(思想等)。You can’t bring me over by such an argument.
10. bring through 使度过(困难，危机等)。They brought him through the cold winter.
11.bring up
(1) 提出，提起。In the course of study they brought up many questions.
(2) 抚养，培养。
(3) 呕吐。He was so ill that he brought up everything.
12. bring sb sth //bring sth to sb拿某物给某人。
13.bring off
(1) 从船上救出。The lifeboat brought off all the crew.
(2) 成功，设法做成。如：It was a difficult task but I brought it off.
carry
1. carry on（1）继续（工作,行为等）坚持，进行（2）经营（事业等）~~ business （3）~~ with继续
One person should carry on where the other had left off.// Don't stop your work. Carry on!
2. carry weight 重要，有影响Her opinion carries a lot of weight
3. carry out（1）搬走（2）执行，开展，贯彻，实施，完成~~ our experiment. 履行~~ his promise
4. carry off抢走,偷走，叼走,夺去…的生命 After destroying the village，the enemy carried off all the cattle.
赢、战胜(win, succeed),获得（奖品） Mark carried off most of the prizes at the races.
5. carry through(1)使度过困难,顺利完成/实现 ,(2)坚持到底,完成
The work is tough，but it is the person to carry it through.（=to complete sth. successfully）
6. carry away(1)冲走拿走,(2) 使…入迷/失去理智We were carried away by the sweet music.
7. carry back (1)拿回，运回，(2)使想起The picture carried me back to my primary school days.
8. carry …into effect/practice
9.carry about随身携带
10. carry…too far做…太过分 Don’t carry the joke too far.
come
1. come about发生，造成
The event came about as he had predicted it.
2. come across（无意中）碰到，想到，越过 (同义词组：run across)
You’re the most beautiful woman I’ve ever come across.
e along 跟去，一道去，赶快，进行，进展
Come along! It’s nearly eight o’clock.
e down 下降，下落，传下来
Prices didn’t come down .
These customs have come down to us through many a generation.
5. come into… 进入…状态,开始（活动）
The cherish trees are coming into blossom / flower.
The new law came into force.
6. come into being(事物、局面等)产生；形成
The custom came into being long long ago.
7. come into power(office) 执政，就职
8. come out 出来，出版，发行
How did the printing come out?
9. come to 来到（某地），共计，来参加（活动），谈到，恢复知觉
When it comes to tennis , you can’t beat her.
10. come back to life苏醒过来
When the wounded soldier came back to life，he found himself in hospital.
e to a conclusion 得出结论
e to an end 结束
Your duties here have come to an end.
13. come to nothing(no good) 没有结果（没有好处）
14. come true实现
I am sure your dream will come true one day.
15. come to the point说到要点，触及问题实质
16. come to light为人所知，显露
The robbery didn’t come to light until the next day
17. come up with提出，想出
He came up with a new suggestion
Do
1. do a good deed 干得好，搞好工作,做一件好事
I was only trying to do a good deed. .
2. do away with 消灭，清除，取消，破除
We should do away with slavery.
3. do one’s best to do sth 尽力，竭力= do what one can to do sth =do all (that) one can to do sth
4. do the deed 付诸行动，生效
5. do up 收拾，整理，修理，打扮，包，捆，系
You are good at doing up things.
Do your shirt up.
She did herself up for the party.
Look，your bottom isn’t done up．
do up one’s hair梳理头发
6. do with 处理，需要，想，将就用
What did you do with our goods?
7. have sth (nothing)to do with和。。。。。。有（无）关
have something to do with 和……有关
8. do good to对……有好处
Doing morning exercises will do good to your health．
9. do harm to对……有害处
Too much noise does harm to our health．
10. do one's bit尽自己的一份力
11. do some +V-.ing
do some running跑步
do some reading 看书
do some writing 练练字
do some typing打字
This year I’m going to do more speaking .今年我打算多进行口语练习
do some shopping 买东西
do some washing 洗衣服
do some cooking 做饭
do some cleaning 打扫除
do some sewing 做针线活
We’ll do some sightseeing this summer vacation.今年暑假我们要外出观光旅游。
12. do well in在某方面做得好
My cousin is a sailor and he is doing very well in the navy
13. do sb．a favour帮某人的忙
Will you do me a favour to carry it upstairs?
down
1. get down to 静下心来处理， 专心致志于
Let’s get down to our work.
2. go down下降；下沉；坠落；降价,（风、火等）减弱, 消肿；漏气
Meat and eggs are going down in price. 肉蛋的价格正在下跌。
The grain crop has gone down this year. 今年的粮食作物产量下降了。
This tire is going down. 这个轮胎漏气了。
3. turn down减弱，降低，压低（力量、声音等）, 拒绝，不接受
Please turn the television down a bit. 请把电视机音量关小点。
turn down one’s offer
4. look down on/ upon轻视，看不起
Don’t look down on the disabled.
5. break down失败 ,故障,破坏；拆散, （机器）损坏, 精神崩溃；失去控制
Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。
break down old conventions 打破旧框框
The robbers broke the door down. 强盗们把门砸开了。
The peace talks are said to have broken down. 据说和谈破裂了。
The car broke down halfway to the destination. 汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。
He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭。
6. bring down使下降，降低, 使倒下, 打倒, 击落, 打死
I didn’t know what brought down the price of clothing.
You can’t bring the desk down alone.
give
1. give away 赠送; 颁发; 泄露（秘密等）
We have invited a famous former student to give away the school prizes.
Although he pretended to be French, his German accent gave him away.
2. give birth to 生下，生产；造成，产生
He has given birth to several brilliant ideas.
3.give in 屈服,让步；呈上（文件），交上（考卷）give in to 向...屈服
Give your examination papers in to the teacher when you've finished.
4.give off 放出（气体，光，热，声音）
Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big change in temperature.
Those flowers look pretty but don't give off a nice smell. 这些花看似漂亮，但是气味并不好。
5.give out 发出，放出；公布，发表；分发，散发；用完，耗尽；失去作用，停止运行
The news was given out over the wireless.(通过无线电）
Give out the exam papers five minutes before the examination.
Their food supplies gave out after a month.
Mother can't walk very far now, her legs quickly give out.
6.give over 住手，到此为止
Give over complaining!
7.give rise to 引起，导致，使产生
A branch floating in the water gave rise to Columbus' hopes that land was near.
8.give(teach) sb. a lesson 给某人教训，教育某人
9.give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车；帮某人的忙
Give me a lift with this job.
10.give up 放弃，停止做某事 He resolved to give up smoking． 他决心戒烟。
11.give up on /give a person up 放弃，对...放弃希望
12.give way to给...让路; 对...让步，同意
John gave way to the old lady and let her pass.
A deadlock was reached in the discussions, as neither side would give way to the other.
13. given that 假定，考虑到
hold
1.hold back 抑制，控制；阻止，阻碍；隐瞒，保守（秘密）;退缩不前，犹豫不定
They are accustomed to holding back their emotions.
They must do something to hold back rushing fans.
I held back because I wasn't sure of the way he'd react.
2.hold down 控制，镇压=put down
3.hold off 保持距离，使疏远; 暂时不下（雨）
Lily holds off from everybody. I think she is shy.
If the rain holds off , we can play football this afternoon.
4.hold on 坚持；持续；别挂（电话）hold it；固定
How much longer can we hold on?
The rain held on all afternoon.
The flower was held on by a tiny pin.
5.hold on to(onto) 牢牢抓住，保留不放弃
We thought of selling this old furniture,but we've decided to hold on to it. It might be valuable.
6.hold out 伸出，拿出；（食品等）维持，支撑；抵抗到底，坚持不屈（against)
Our food supplies won't hold out long.
The town held out against the heavy bombing.
7.hold out for 坚决要求（获得某物）
The dealers may hold out for a higher price.
8.hold to 坚持某个看法（路线）；遵循，坚持 OK， hold to the right. 好 在右边停住。
I hold to everything I said at the meeting.
9.hold up 举起，拿起；阻止，延误；举出...（做榜样）as名
She held him up as an example to the class.
We were held up on our way to the airport in a traffic jam.
Keep
1 keep a promise 遵守诺言
The governor was attacked by the press for failing to keep a campaign promise. 
州长因没能履行一项竞选时的承诺而受新闻界抨击
2 keep a secret 守秘密
A woman can keep one secret---the secret of her age. 
女人能够保住的一个秘密——自己的年龄。
3 keep watch 注意，警惕，提防
We keep a close watch on the prisoners.  我们严密看守囚犯。
4 keep back 扣下，隐瞒，忍住（眼泪）
The boss kept back 30 dollars from my salary without any good reason.
5 keep body and soul together 维持生活
In these days of rising prices it is difficult for many poor people to keep body and soul together. 在物价上涨的这些日子里，许多穷人难以维持生活。
6 keep in mind 记住，想着
What laws should we keep in mind in guiding mass movements ?什么是我们指导群众运动应掌握的规律呢？
7 keep off 避开，挡住，不接近 you must keep off drinking.
8 keep one’s balance 保持平衡
It is difficult to keep one's balance on an icy pavement. 
人行道上结了冰，要想不倒可不容易
9 keep on继续（干）
10 keep out 遮挡，使不入内 T his overcoat keep out the cold.
11 keep silence 保持沉默（安静）
The senator wanted to keep silence over the matter. 参议员想对那件事保持沉默。
12 keep sb﹍ from doing sth阻止某人做某事
I hope you will keep from doing anything rash. 我希望你不要做出任何鲁莽的事情来。
13 keep up 保持，维持，继续（某活动）
The high cost of raw materials is keeping prices up. 原料费用昂贵使得产品价格居高不下。
14 The house is becoming too expensive for them to keep up.
他们的房子维修费用贵得越来越修不起了。
15 Workers' incomes are not keeping up with inflation. 工人的收入赶不上通货膨胀.
16 Let's hope the sunny weather keeps up for Saturday's tennis match.
但愿星期六网球比赛时还是这样的好天气.
17 keep up with 不落在后面，跟上，及时了解（情况）
Look
1 look after目送, 寻求, 照顾, 关心
We should advertise for someone to look after the garden
我们应该登广告来寻求一个人照料花园
She sacrificed her pleasure and pastime to look after the old man
她牺牲自己的消遣和娱乐时间去照料这位老人。
2 look as if 看起来似乎
You look as if you slept badly. 看你那样子彷佛没睡好觉.
3 look back（upon）回想，回顾
As long as I live I shall look back upon it with regret. 只要我活着，我就会伤感地怀念它
4 look down on（upon）看不起
They will not be kind to you because you are weak. On the contrary, if you are weak, they will look down upon you
并不因为你软了人家就对你好一些，反倒是你软了人家看不起你。
5 look for 寻找
It's my father who came here to look for me this morning
上午来找我的是我父亲
6 look forward to 盼望
(1)Who would you look forward to attend the meeting?
你希望谁来参加会议
(2)July 1st 1997 was a day to which we in Hong Kong had looked forward to with pride and with confidence.
一九九七年七月一日，是我们每个香港人期待已久的日子，我们既感到自豪，又满怀信心。
7 look into 研究， 调查 ，了解
(1)He has promised to look into the matter 他已经答应对这个问题进行调查。
(2) Raise your eyes once in a while and look into the distance.
每过一阵就把眼睛抬起看看远处。
(3) I think our user will like to look into your product in detail
我想，我们的用户想更详细地了解你们产品的情况。
8 look like 看起来像
No matter what the results of the homemade gift look like, remember it's the thought that counts. 不论自制礼物的结果看起来像什么，心意才是重要
9 look on（upon）…as 把……看作
On the whole, I wish to look upon her as modest and becoming.
不过总的说来，我觉得她还是个规矩、正派的姑娘。
10 look out 查出 找出 Better look out who you're fooling with next time. 下次你最好是当心点，看你是跟谁打哈哈
11 look out （for）注意， 当心， 提防
You look out for everything, he thought and you still get hit from behind.
他心想：任你小心提防还是逃不过背后来的一家伙。
12 look the same 看起来很像 The two brothers look the same as each other. 这兄弟俩长得一样。
13 look through 翻阅， 看一遍
Look through your old clothes and see if you have anything to give away
翻翻你的旧衣服，看看是否可以送掉的
14 look over （仔细）检查
We must look over the house before we decide to rent it. 我们必须先查看一下这所房子再决定租不租
15 look up 查找，上涨， 好转， 向上看
We can look up the word in the dictionary.
我们可以在字典里查这个字。
Make
1 make clear 说明，弄（讲）清楚
Whenever you're trying to promote a brand name, your first task is to make clear where the brand is available.
每当你要宣传一个商标名称时，你的首要任务是说清楚哪里会看到这个商标。
2 make a decision 作出决定 There is no hurry to make a decision.
3 make a promise 答应，允诺
Whenever you make a promise, be sure to keep it.一旦做出承诺，你就得信守承诺。
4 make a plan for 为……作计划
Make a plan for your study, then you will have more efficiency
给学习订个计划，那么你的效果就会更好。
5 make a record 录制唱片
6 make friends （with）（和…）交朋友
I made no attempt to make friends with her. 我没有打算要和她做朋友。
7 make faces 做鬼脸
8 make fun of 和 开玩笑
I can't get along with him, he likes to make fun of me. 我不能同他相处，他喜欢取笑我。
9 make a noise 吵闹
"Do not make a noise about tomorrow, for you are not certain what a day's outcome may be."  不要为明日自夸，因为一日要生何事，你尚且不能知道.
10 make it a rule 总是……
I make it a rule to read the newspaper every day lest I shall fall behind the times. 我每天读报纸已成为一个惯例，以免落伍于时代。
11 make one’s way to（out of）向… 走去（从…走出）
It’s no use; we’ll never find out way out of this maze. 没用，我们将永远找不到走出这个迷宫的路。
12 make ends meet 应付开支，量入为出
Being out of work and having two young children, they found it impossible to make ends meet. 他们失了业, 还要养活两个小孩, 无法维持起码的生活.
13 make room 让地方
The whole village moved away to make room for the construction.
整个村子迁走，给这项建设让地。
14 make sense 讲得通，很有意义
Please make sense of these marks on paper immediately. 请马上弄清这些符号的意义。
15 make sure（certain）一定要，确保，核实，弄清楚
You must make sure of the time and place. 你必须把时间和地点弄清楚
16 make …to one’s own measure 依照某人的尺寸做……
17 make up 构成，占，编造，弥补
(1) Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence.
勤奋工作往往可以弥补智力的不足。
(2)hey make up one-third of the province's population.
他们占全省人口的三分之一。
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