高中英语词法之情态动词常考题型例题.pdf

1 高中英语词法之情态动词常考题型例题高中英语词法之情态动词常考题型例题 单选题 1、We have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner.Amay notBneedntCcantDmustnt 答案：B 解析：考查情态动词。句意：既然 Suzie 不会与我们共进晚餐，那么我们没必要买下这么多的食物。全句表达对过去没必要的事却做了的一种遗憾。may not have done 可能没做过；neednt have done(过去)本没必要做（却已经做了）；cant have done 不可能已做过；mustnt have done 错误表达。now that 既然 指明显的原因，因此推断此处表示“本没必要做某事而实际上做了”。故选 B。小提示：2、We _ have watered these flowers yesterday.Todays rain will be too much for them.AcantBshouldntCmay notDmustnt 答案：B 解析：考查情态动词。句意：我们昨天不应该给这些花浇水。今天的雨对他们来说太大了。A.cant 不可能；B.shouldnt 不应该；C.may not 或许不会；D.mustnt 禁止，不允许。情态动词的完成时 shouldt have done“本不应该做而做了”。根据 Todays rain will be too much for them.可知，此处指昨天不应该给这些花浇水。故选 B。小提示：情态动词+have done 结构：1).“must+have+过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只用于肯定句。如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2 2).“can/could+have+过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can 和 could 一般用于否定句和疑问句，could 的语气较 can 弱。如：He cant have finished the work so soon.3).“may/might+have+过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might 的语气比 may 弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用 can 或 could，如：They may not have known it beforehand.4).“need+have+过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或过去做某事纯属多余，如：I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.5).“should/ought to+have+过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了，这种句式含有不满或责备之意，ought to 的语气比 should 强一些。如：You ought to/should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的。（但没有）He oughtnt to/shouldnt have done that.他本来就不该做那件事。（可是做了）6).“would+have+过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测，或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况，但不像用 should 或 ought to 那样含有责备之意。如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.3、I would _ it very much if you could do me a favor.AgratefulBthankCappreciateDthankful 答案：C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你能帮忙我将不胜感激。分析句子结构可知，情态动词 would 后要加动词原形，thank“感谢”宾语一般是人，不能是物，常用短语 thank you for sth.，appreciate“感激”宾语一般为物，或者是使用 appreciate it if+从句的固定结构，故选择 C 项。4、He speaks English with a strong American accent,so he _ brought up in Britain.Acouldnt beBshouldnt beCcant have beenDneednt have been 3 答案：C 解析：考查情态动词。句意：他说英语带有很重的美国口音，所以他不可能是在英国长大的。分析句意可知，此处用情态动词+have done 形式表示对过去情况的推测，所以排除 A 项和 B 项；在根据“with a strong American accent(带有很重的美国口音)”可知，他不可能是在英国长大的，所以此处用情态动词 cant 表示“不可能”符合语境。故选 C 项。5、It was not the best time to go there.Yes.I your advice before I made my decision.Acould acceptBshould accept Cought to acceptDshould have accepted 答案：D 解析：考查情态动词表推测。句意：那不是去那里的最佳时机。是的。我应该在做决定之前接受你的建议。根据句意可知，句子表示的是“本该在做决定之前接受你的建议，但实际没有”，应用“should have done”，意为“过去本该做某事，而实际上没做”，“could”意为“可以”，“should”意为“应该”，“ought to”意为“应该”，均不符合语境。故选 D 项。6、Mum,must I come back before five oclock?No,you _.Just get home before dinner.AmustntBneedntCshouldntDcouldnt 答案：B 解析：考查情态动词。句意：妈妈，我必须在 5 点之前回来吗？-不，不需要。晚饭之前回家就好。由后文可看出孩子不需要五点前回家。故填 neednt，表示不需要。故选 B。4 7、A doctor sucked mouthfuls of urine（尿液）from a sick elderly passenger on a flight,which has aroused a controversy.Whats wrong with our society?Its a shame that some netizens _ be suspicious about his motive,pointing that he was just staging a moral show.AwouldBshallCshouldDcould 答案：C 解析：考查 should 的用法。句意：在飞机上，一名医生为一名患病的老年乘客吸了满嘴的尿液，这引起了一番争议。我们的社会怎么了？真遗憾，一些网友竟然怀疑他的动机，说他上演一场道德表演。根据“Whats wrong with our society？”可知，本句是表示意外的情况，should 作情态动词时，可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的情况，意为“竟然，居然”。故选 C 项。8、Her companion_ a trick on her,for she was not in the mood for everything that day.Acant have playedBmust have played Cshould have playedDneednt have played 答案：B 解析：考查情态动词+have done 的用法。句意：她的同伴一定是跟她开了个玩笑，因为那天她心情不好。A.cant have played 不可能开玩笑；B.must have played 一定在开玩笑；C.should have played 本应该开玩笑；D.neednt have played 本不需要开玩笑。表示对过去发生的事情的非常有把握的肯定推测，故选 B。9、He didnt follow the doctors suggestions as required,but he _.AoughtBought toCought to beDought to have 答案：D 5 解析：考查情态动词。句意：他没有按照医生的要求听从建议，但他本应该听从的。ought tohave done，表示本该做而事实上没有做的事。后句为省略句 but he ought to have.=but he ought to have followed the doctors suggestions.根据“He didnt follow the doctors suggestions as required,”可知，他本应该听从医生的建议，但是事实上没有听。故选 D。10、I couldnt _my eyes.AbelievedBbelieveCdo believeDto believe 答案：B 解析：考查动词。句意：我不敢相信我的眼睛。根据空前的情态动词 couldnt 可知，空处应使用动词原形。故选 B 项。11、-I stayed at a hotel while in New York.-Oh,did you?You _ with my sister Barbara.She has a nice apartment in downtown Manhattan.Amight stayBcould have stayedCshould stayDmust have stayed 答案：B 解析：考查情态动词用法。句意：我在纽约期间住在一家旅馆里。哦,是吗?你本可以和我妹妹芭芭拉住在一起。她在曼哈顿市中心有一套很好的公寓。根据题干的时态判断说明是现在谈论过去的事情，因此要用情态动词have done 的形式。且根据句意可知表示“本来可以但实际并没有”应用 could have done。故选 B。小提示：情态动词+have done 的结构和用法有以下几种：一、must have done sth.一定做某事。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测，这时只能用在肯定句中，“肯定/必须已经干过”，在否定句和疑问句中用 cant 或 couldnt 或 can/could，例如：1).From what you said,she must have told you all about it.6 从你的话看，她一定告诉了你所有的事情。2).The light was out.They must have gone to bed.灯都熄了，他们必定睡了。3).He must have done it when I was off with those assholes.他一定是趁我和那群混蛋一起的时候做的。二、can/could have done sth.本来能够做某事，而实际上未做。1).But we could have done it all so much better.但是，我们本可以把这一切做得更好。2).If you do a good job,you may tell yourself that it wasnt good enough or that anyone could have done as well.比如你完成了一项出色的工作，你或许告诉你自己它不够好，任何人都可以做的像你一样好。三、cant/couldnt have done sth.不可能做过某事。1).I couldt have done it without you.若是没有你，我不可能做到那样的。2).We couldt have done it without you.没有你我们办不成这事。四、ought to/should have done sth.过去本应该做某事而实际上并没有做。1).You should have done it when you first saw them blooming this spring.你应该在今年春天第一次看到它们盛开的时候就挖一些的。2).Even if its something you should have done earlier in the week or missed a detail on.甚至你在一个星期前的就提早完成了一件事或者忽略了一个小细节。12、-Mary,I got lost.-Sorry,I_ a map for you.7 Amust have drawnBshould drawCcould drawDought to have drawn 答案：D 解析：考查情态动词。句意：玛丽，我迷路了。对不起，我本应该给你画张地图的。根据“Mary,I got lost.”可知，对过去事情的推测，所以用情态动词+have done。must have done 表示对过去事情肯定的推测；ought to have done 表示过去本应该做某事却未做。根据句意，故选 D。13、The ground is wet.It _ have rained last night.AwillBmustCshouldDmay 答案：B 解析：考查情态动词用法。句意：地面是湿的。昨晚一定下雨了。根据“The ground is wet.”可知，此处是指对于过去的肯定猜测，所以应用 must have done 表示。故选 B。14、Mr.White _ to hospital for an examination yesterday but he was too busy to come.Ashould comeBshould have comeCshould be comingDshould had come 答案：B 解析：考查情态动词。句意：怀特先生昨天本应当来医院检查的，但他太忙了而没有来。should come 应该来；should have done 本应当做，但实际并没有做；should be coming 应该正在来，表示正在进行的动作；should had come是错误表达。根据语境，表示本应该来，但是太忙没来，故选 B 项。15、What do you think of your boss?He is easy-going most of the time,but sometimes he _ be hard on us.AshouldBmightCcanDmust 8 答案：C 解析：考查情态动词用法。句意：你觉得你的老板怎么样?他大部分时间都很随和，但有时也对我们很严厉。A.should 应该；B.might 可能；C.can 能够；D.must 必须。此处表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力），应用 can。故选 C。16、Well make the final decision on our scheme._ you change your mind,please inform us as soon as possible.AShouldBWereCWouldDHad 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我们将对我们的计划做最后决定。如果你改变主意，请尽快通知我们。根据语境，此处用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反，从句用 should+动词原形，省略 if，should 提前，陈述句是：If you should change your mind。故选 A。小提示：虚拟语气中的倒装 当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should 时，可以将 if 省略，然后将 were，had，should，移至句首：1）If he should fail,he would kill himself.Should he fail,he would kill himself.万一失败，他就会自杀。2）If I were you,I would do it at once.Were I you,I would do it at once.假若我是你，我就会马上做。要是我能做此事，我一定会做。9 3）If he had seen you yesterday,he would have asked you about it.Had he seen you yesterday,he would have asked you about it.他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。该小题属于上述的第一种情况。should 作为情态动词，有一种特殊的用法：在虚拟条件状语从句中表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，可以把 should 放在句首，即主语前，从而省略从属连词 if。原来的表述为：If you should change your mind。故选 A。17、Oh,God!I was almost hit by the car.It was driving so fast!This is a busy crossroad.You _ be too careful when crossing the street.Amay notBneedntCmustntDcannot 答案：D 解析：考查情态动词辨析。句意：哦,上帝!我差点被车撞了。它开得真快!这是一个繁忙的十字路口。过马路时越小心越好。A.may not 可能不；B.neednt 不需要；C.mustnt 禁止，不准；D.cannot 不能。根据句意以及句式结构，可知此处考查 cant be too+adj.（再.也不为过）。故选 D 项。18、I still find it hard to imagine that such a clever child _ make such a foolish mistake.AshallBmust CcanDshould 答案：D 解析：考查情态动词。句意：我仍然难以想象这样聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。should 作为情态动词，可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的，常常译为竟会、居然，这么聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。表示意外，shall 表示允诺，命令等，must 表示必须，can 表示能力及可能性。所以答案选 D。19、Who was that girl?10 Well,if you _ know,her name is Mabel.AwouldBmayCshouldDmust 答案：D 解析：考查情态动词。句意：那个女孩是谁？好吧，如果你一定想知道，她是 Mabel。A.would 将要；B.may也许；C.should 应该；D.must 必须。根据句子情景和句意可知，“if you must know”表示“如果你一定要知道的话”，表示作者不愿意说。故选 D。20、The criminal _ murdering the judge,unfortunately,an unexpected accident made him lose his consciousness.Amight have admittedBcould have admitted Cshould have admittedDmust have admitted 答案：B 解析：考查情态动词+have done 结构。句意：罪犯本可以承认谋杀了法官，但不幸的是，一场意外事故使他失去了知觉。A.might have admitted 可能已经,可能性很小；B.could have admitted 本来能做成的（却没做成）；C.should have admitted 本应当做某事；D.must have admitted 必定做了（表示对过去的推测）。结合后文unfortunately,an unexpected accident made him lose his consciousness.可知此处表示罪犯“本可以承认谋杀法官，却没做成”，应用 could have done。故选 B。21、It turned out that the hotel was so near.I _ the taxi.Aneednt have takenBmust have takenCshould takeDcould take 答案：A 解析：考查情态动词。句意：结果证明这家宾馆非常近。我本不必乘坐出租车。neednt have done 表示“本不必做某事11 实际上做了”，根据句意，旅馆很近不用乘坐出租车，但是乘车了。故选 A。22、I happened to be on the newly-built highway when that brand-new car went by,followed by a police car.They _ at least 150 kilometers an hour.Amust have been drivingBshould have been driving Ccould have drivenDwould have driven 答案：A 解析：考查对过去动作的推测。句意：当那辆崭新的汽车开过，后面还跟着一辆警车，我碰巧正在新建的高速公路上。他们一定以每小时至少 150 公里的速度开车。根据语境“happened to be on the newly-built highway”可知，本处是指当我在高速公路时的时候，是一个时间点，要用进行时。句子叙述的是过去的动作，因此是对过去动作的推测，故用 must have been doing。分析选项 A.must have been driving 是对过去动作的推测，“过去一定正在驾驶”；B.should have been driving 为虚拟语气“过去本应驾驶而没做”；C.could have driven 也为虚拟语气“过去本来能驾驶而没做”；D.would have driven 也为虚拟语气“过去本来会驾驶而没做”。B、C、D 三项是对过去动作的虚拟，只有 A 项是对过去动作的推测，符合题意，故选 A。23、A recent survey has demonstrated that a large number of victims during the COVID-19 Outbreak_，if they had worn masks.Ashould have been saved Bmust have been saved Cneed have been saved Dcould have been saved 答案：D 解析：考查情态动词+have done。句意：最近的一项调查表明如果他们在新冠肺炎爆发时期戴了口罩，很多受害者本12 来可以被救。由句意可知，此处指如果带了口罩，一些人本来可以被救，could have done，意为“过去本可以做却未做”。故选 D 项。24、I didnt pass the final exam.I dont think its surprising.You_ on your studies rather than computer games.Ashould focusBshould have focused Cmust focusDmust have focused 答案：B 解析：考查情态动词用法。句意：我没有通过期末考试。我认为这并不令人惊讶。你本应该集中精力学习而不是玩电脑游戏。should 应该；must 必须；此处结合语境表示“本应该做某事，结果没有”应用 should have done；must have done 表示“必定做了某事”，表示对过去已经发生的事情的肯定推测，不符合语境。故选 B。25、Not drinking enough water _ lead to headache and poor physical performance.AcanBmustCshouldDneed 答案：A 解析：考查情态动词辨析。句意：饮水不足会导致头痛和身体表现不佳。A.can 能，会；B.must 必须；C.should 应该；D.need 需要。由语意可知，这里应为会，能够导致头痛和身体表现不佳，故选 A 项。26、Since the road is wet this morning,it_ last night.Amust rainBmust be raining Cmust have rainedDmust have been rained 答案：C 解析：13 考查情态动词+have done 结构。句意：既然今天早上路是湿的，昨晚一定下雨了。根据上文“the road is wet this morning”可知表示对过去的肯定推测，应用 must have done。故选 C。27、You _ have scolded him for his poor performance.After all,he had done his best.AmustBshouldCmustntDshouldnt 答案：D 解析：考查情态动词+have done。句意：你本不应该因为他表现不好而责骂他。毕竟，他已经尽力了。根据前后句关系可知此处表示“本不该”是 shouldnt have done 指做了本不该做的事，must have done 表示对过去发生的事情的肯定性推测；should have done 表示应当做某事而实际上未做；mustnt 不和 have done 连用。故选 D。小提示：must have done 表示对过去事情的肯定推测，指“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句：1).It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。2).You must have been mad to speak to the servant.你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。should have done 意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。”shouldnt have done 表示本来不应该做某事,而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意.1).Tom,you are too lazy.The work should have been finished yesterday.汤姆,你太懒惰了,这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。2).Look,Tom is crying.I shouldnt have been so harsh on him.看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。本题是 shouldnt have done 的用法。28、Someone_my umbrella.I found it wet.Ashould have usedBcant have usedCmust have usedDcould have used 答案：C 14 解析：考查情态动词。句意：肯定有人用了我的伞。我发现它是湿的。must 表示“肯定、一定”，根据后一句句意可知，第一句是对过去动作的肯定猜测，用 must have done，故选 C。29、It _ last night,for the road was very muddy.Awould have rainedBmust have rainedCshould have rainedDmust rain 答案：B 解析：考查情态动词+have done。句意：昨晚肯定下雨了，因为路上泥泞不堪。根据“for the road was very muddy”可知，此处表示对过去事情的肯定推测，must have done 表示“一定做过某事”，故 B 项正确。30、We_ have watched that thriller in the cinema,because we may have horrible dreams at night.AneedntBshouldntCmustntDcouldnt 答案：B 解析：考查情态动词。句意：我们不应该在电影院看那部惊悚片，因为我们晚上可能会做恶梦。此处考查情态动词+have done 的用法，neednt have done 本不必做；shouldnt have done 本不该做某事；must have done 一定做过某事；couldnt have done 不可能做某事。句中表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。故选 B。31、Must I finish the paper today?No,you _.AmustBneedCcouldntDdont have to 答案：D 解析：考查情态动词。句意：我今天必须得完成论文吗？不，你不必。A.must 必须；B.need 需要；C.15 couldnt 不能；D.dont have to 不必。根据回答 No 可知，此处表示“不必”，故用 dont have to 或 neednt，故选D。32、“The interest be divided into five parts,according to the agreement made by both sides,”declared the judge.AmayBcanCmustDshall 答案：D 解析：考查情态动词。句意：法官宣布：“根据双方达成的协议，利息应分为五部分。”shall 可用在法律、条约、协定等文件中，表示义务、规定等。根据句意，这是表示协议规定的内容，应该用 shall，故选 D。33、You _ worry about him.He will get well soon.AneedntBcantCmustntDmay not 答案：A 解析：考查情态动词。句意：你不必为他担心。他很快就会好的。A.neednt 不必；B.cant 不能；C.mustnt 禁止；D.may not 可能不。由下文“他很快就会好的”可知，不必为他担心，用 neednt。故选 A 项。34、May I smoke here?If you _,choose a seat in the smoking section.AmustBshouldCmayDcan 答案：A 解析：考查情态动词。句意：我可以在这里吸烟吗？如果你要抽烟的话，就在吸烟区选个座位吧！A.must 一定，必须；B.should 应该；C.may 或许；D.can 可能；根据句意及问句可知，此处是指如果一定要吸烟，表示“非要；偏偏”，用 must。故选 A。16 35、You _ feel all the training a waste of time,but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.AmayBcanCshouldDwould 答案：A 解析：考查情态动词。句意：你可能觉得所有的训练都是在浪费时间，但我百分之百地肯定，以后你会感谢你所做的一切。A.may 可能；或许；B.can 可能；C.should 应该；D.would 会；将会。根据句意表示“可能；或许”，不是那么肯定，故选 A。36、Did you attend the meeting for the experiment project yesterday?Yes,but I dont think I _ because my director was there.Aneed to haveBneed toCneeded toDneed have 答案：D 解析：考查情态动词+have done。句意：你昨天参加实验项目的会议了吗?是的，但我想我（本来）不需要，因为我的主管在那里。Think/suppose 等宾语从句中如果有否定词时，要把从句的否定词 not 前移，即“否定前移”。所以 not 是从句中的否定词。“need have done”意为“本来有必要做而未做”；“neednt have done”指过去本来没必要做而做了。根据上一句时间状语“yesterday”可知本句指的是过去发生的事。结合第二句“because my director was there(我的主管)在”可推断出，我本来不必要去。故选 D。37、Professor Smith,many students want to see you._ they wait here or outside?ADoBWillCShallDWould 答案：C 解析：考查情态动词。句意：史密斯教授，许多学生都想见你。他们在这儿等还是在外面等？根据语境可知，句子是在征求教授同意，“they”是第三人称，用 shall 表示征求对方意见，意为“要不要”，“好吗”，故选 C。17 38、Our English teacher is considerate，helpful，and warm-hearted，but sometimes she_ be angry at our silly mistakes.AshouldBmust CcanDshall 答案：C 解析：考查情态动词。句意：我们的英语老师很体贴、乐于助人、热心肠，但有时她可能为我们愚蠢的错误而发火。can 表示一种客观的可能性，但不一定会发生，故 C 项正确。39、Chris _ go to the opera on Sunday because he is going to have a meeting.AcantBmightCmustntDshould 答案：A 解析：考查情态动词辨析。句意：克里斯星期天不能去看歌剧了，因为他要开会。A.cant 不能；B.might 也许；C.mustnt 禁止；D.should 应该。根据“because he is going to have a meeting.”可知，克里斯不能去看歌剧。故选 A。40、My computer start this morning.There must have been something wrong with it.AshouldntBwouldntCneedntDmustnt 答案：B 解析：考查情态动词。句意：我的电脑今早怎么也启动不了了。一定是出了什么问题。A.shouldnt 不应该；B.wouldnt 不会；C.neednt 不需要；D.mustnt 禁止，不允许。分析句子，后句提到“一定有什么东西坏了，所以电脑启动不了”。根据情态动词 wouldnt 表示过去的习惯或反复性的动作。故选 B。41、-You _ here all the way through the thick snow last night.There was nothing important.18 -Yes,but I didnt know.Adidnt need to comeBdont need to come Cneednt have comeDneednt come 答案：C 解析：考查情态动词用法。句意：昨晚你本没必要一路穿过厚厚的积雪来这儿。没什么重要的事。是的，但是我当时不知道。need 作实义动词常用于肯定句，在否定句和疑问句常作情态动词，本句是否定句，所以need 用作情态动词，否定式是 neednt，结合句意及