高中英语-Module3-My-First-Ride-on-a-Train教案1-外研版必修1.doc

Unit 3 My First Ride on a Train单元教案
I. Word Study
1. activity: something that is done or is being done,esp. for interest or education活动
e. g.
Sailing is an activity I much enjoy.帆船运动是我非常喜欢的活动。
His activities include tennis and paintings.他的活动包括打网球和绘画。
联想：
active ,action ,inactive,act
He takes an active part in local politics.他积极参加当地的政治活动。
You must judge a person by his action not by what he says.判断一个人要看他的所作所为，而不是他所说的。
Although she is over 70,she is still active.她年纪已70多，却很活跃。
常见搭配：
be active in
play an active part in
e. g.
He always takes an active part in such kind of activities as sports and arts in the school.
他总是热衷于参加学校里的文体活动。
Recently a guy called “Blue Moonlight” appears very active in this chat room.
最近在这个聊天室里有一个叫“蓝色月光”的人显得特别活跃。
Around the world there are more than six hundred active volcanoes.
在全世界有大约600多个活火山。
构词解析：
act: n. & vi. 行动，行为，表演，表现
Think before you act!
三思而后行！
Tom Cruise acts in many movies, and the one I enjoy most is called Mission, Improbable.
汤姆·克鲁斯在很多电影中扮演过角色，我最喜欢的是《蝶中碟》。
He always acts bravely and generously in front of his friends.
他在朋友面前总是表现得很勇敢、很大方。
联想：
—actor, actress （男、女）演员
—action n. 行为
—active adj. 积极的
—actively adv. 积极地
—activity n. 活动
—inactive adj. 不积极地，消极的
—passive adj. 被动的
Practice
Join the following groups of key words into complete sentences:
1）it’s said that, computer virus, CIH, active, Friday, 13th of each month
______________________________________________________________.
2）Chinese government, active, cooperate, for regional peace, Asia
______________________________________________________________.
3）the school, organize, activities, students, care about, society
______________________________________________________________.
4）students, asked, act, according to, school regulations
______________________________________________________________.
Key for reference

It’s said that the computer virus called CIH is very active on Black Friday, which happens to be the 13th of each month.
Chinese government is very active in cooperating for regional peace of Asia.
3）The school will organize many activities for the students to care about the society they are living in.
The students are asked to act according to the school regulations.
Practice:
Join the following groups of key words into complete sentences:
he, take up his time, many activities, he, is not working ,when, that
______________________________________________________________.
2）the new system, take into action, things will be easier, when, we, put
_____________________________________________________________.
3）that, dangerous chemical, be careful, is, still, active
______________________________________________________________.
Key for Reference
1）He has many activities that take up his time when he’s not working.
2）Things will be easier when we put the new system into action..
3）Be careful! That dangerous chemical is still active.
2 supply vt. give sb. Sth that is needed or useful;provide sb with sth供给或供应某人所需或可用得物品n. supplying or being supplied 供给，供应
He kept me well supplied with cups of coffee while I wrote the report.我写报告时，他一直不停地给我续咖啡。
Will the new power station be able to supply our cheap energy requirements?新建的发电站能满足我们对廉价能源的需求吗？
常见搭配：
supply …with向。。。。。。供应
supply a need(demand)满足需要
supply and demand 供求
in short supply供应不足
supply a want 弥补不足
water supply供水
commodity supply货源
the supply is inadequate to meet the demand供不应求
联想：accommodate provide give serve demand
词语辨析supply equip furnish
supply可用于指在任何环境下“供给”任何东西，如：The trees supply shade in summer.夏天树木供给阴凉。equip常表示“装备”工作所需要的东西，如：to equip the laboratory.装备实验室；furnish装备，表示（用家具）布置（房间），如：a furnished house备有家具的房间。
典型考题：Now all dishing boats are radio_______.
A. quipped B. afforded C. furnished D. supplied
解析：答案A. equip 指为某种目的提供必要的装备和条件，尤指技术和军事上的装备；afford负担的起，抽得出（时间），提供，给予；furnish提供（精神、物质或生活上必需品学兼优；supply提供（所需要或缺乏的日用品等）
3.drive v. be able to) operate (a vehicle) and direct its course.能驾驶（车）；开车;cause (animals and people)to move in some direction by shouts, blows, threats驱赶(动物或人)
Can you drive a car? 你会开车吗?
Some cattle being driven by a man on a horse.骑马人驱赶着的一群牛羊.
I was driven out of the club.我被驱逐出乐部。
Hunger drove her to steal.饥饿逼得她行窃。
drive licence (英)驾驶执照,
drive sb. mad使某人发狂
drive with caution
Practice
Join the following groups of key words into complete sentences:
1) to succeed, drive, pride
_____________________________________________________.
2） he, lack drive, is, clever, he , will not, but, succeed, because
_____________________________________________________________.
3）be capable of, a man ,by, jealousy, is ,driven
_____________________________________________________________
Key for reference
Pride drove her to succeed.
He’s clever but he won’t succeed because he lacks drive.
A man driven by jealousy is capable of anything.
4.allow:permit sb. to do sth 允许，许可，准许（某人）做某事
e. g.
My boss doesn’t allow me to use the telephone.老板不准我使用电话。
Passengers are not allowed to smoke.乘客不许吸烟。
Photography is not allowed in this theatre 本剧院内不准摄影。
Allow for 估计到，考虑到 allow of容许；许可
联想：admit permit forbid
permit和allow 在许多情况下可以通用，但它较allow 正式，含有“积极地、从正面地允许“得意义；allow指“并不反对”或“不加阻止”，偏重“默许”或“听任”，含义较消极。
典型考题1：It would be wise to add another ten pounds to the total to _______price increase.
A.allow for B.account for C.apply for D.arrange for
考题分析：答案：A..allow for 考虑到，account for 说明（原因）；apply for “申请”;arrange for 安排。
典型考题2：The teacher doesn’t permit ______ in class.
smoke B. to smoke C. smoking D. to have a smoke
考题分析:答案：。Permit 是及物动词。它有两种搭配：（1）permit sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人干某事”，（2）permit (doing) sth .表示“允许某事存在或发生”。另外动词allow “允许，准许”和“Permit ”用法相同。
Practice
Join the following groups of key words into complete sentences:
1) allow, we, don’t, smoking, in, our class
_____________________________________________________.
2）permit, it, not, is, to bring dogs, park, into, the
________________________________________________________.
3）the station, allow for, it, will traffic delays, to ,half an hour, you, take, will
_____________________________________________________________
Key for reference
we don’t allow smoking in our class.
It is not permitted to bring dogs into this park.
It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays.
5.refer to: mention or speak of sb/sth.提到，说到
e.g.
When I said some people are stupid, I wasn’t referring to you .我说有些人很愚蠢，并不是指你。
Don’t refer to this matter again.请不要再提这件事。
This incident in his childhood is never again referred to.他小时候的这件事永远不再提起。
Refer to sth/sb向某事物/某人查询信息
e.g.
refer to the dictionary 查词典
I referred to my watch for the exact time.我看一下手表好知道准确时间.
The speaker often refer to his notes.那个演讲的人不时地看发言稿.
refer sb/ sth to sb/sth send sb/sth for help, advice action将某人/某市武/送交某人/某事物以谋求帮助、指点.
e.g.
refer to a patient to a specialist for treatment .把病人交给专科医生治疗.
This dispute was referred to the United Nations/to arbitration.这项争端已提交联合国处理/予以仲裁.
I was referred to the manager/the enquiry office.人家叫我去找经理/去问讯处
Practice
Join the following groups of key words into complete sentences:
1) what I have to say, all, of, you, refer to
_____________________________________________________.
2）the dictionary, don’t know, if, you ,this, what, word, mean, refer to
________________________________________________________.
3) used for forming, the new law, refer to, doesn’t
_____________________________________________________________
Key for reference
1)What I have to say refers to all of you.
2)If you don’t know what this word means, refer to the dictionary.
3)The new law doesn’t refer to land used for farming.
II.Background
The meglev train, which. runs from Pu Dong International Airport to the city, is
the first one for commercial use in the. world. Being an international metropolis,
Shanghai with perfect transportation by buses, elevated
III. Language Study
We got on in Sydney and we got off in Alice Springs, right in the middle of Australia.
我们在悉尼上了火车然后在Alice Springs下车,就在澳大利亚的中部.
Get是英语动词中最有用,同时又是最难用的词之一.
get on 除了表示”上车”以外还有其他意思:如:
our youngest son is getting on well at school.我们的小儿子功课很有进步.
How are you getting along(on) these days?近来生活如何?
Parents are always keen for their children to get on.父母总是热望子女出息.
get off
We got off immediately after breakfast.我们吃完早餐就动身了.
Get the children off to school .打发孩子们上学.
I had great difficulty getting off to sleep last night.昨夜我翻来覆去难以入睡.
I normally get off(work) at 5:30.我通常是5:30 下班.
联想记忆:get back回来找回
get in进入、上（小汽车）、收进、请来
get down to认真开始进行
get away from摆脱
get along/on with（与人）相处，（事情）进展
get through通过；办完
get rid of消灭，摆脱、除掉

Practice
Join the following key words into complete sentences, using the phrase “be willing to”:
1）driving test, how, are, you, in, your,
___________________________________________________________
2）my classmates, am, getting on, with, well, I
__________________________________________________
3) get away from, his mother, would be good, had thought, home, earn some money, his good character, on his own
_______________________________________________________
Key for reference
How did you getting along in your driving test?
I am getting on well with my classmates.
His mother had thought it would be good for his character to get away from home and earn some money on his own.
We ate great meals cooked by experts.我们吃了一顿可口由专家烹饪的饭菜　
这里cooked 是过去分词短语作后置定语。相当于we are great meals which were cooked by experts.
e.g.
the question discussed yesterday.昨天讨论的问题
　the book wriiten by Lun Xun　鲁迅写的书
　We are going to talk about the problem discussed at the last meeting.
The bridge built last month needs repairing.上个月建造的那座桥需要修理。
比较：现在分词表示（语态主动，动作进行）；过去分词表示（语态被动，动作完成）
the young man sitting between John and Mary I s the editor of the campus newspaper.坐在约翰和马丽之间的那个年轻小火子是校园报的编辑．
All the windows broken have been repaired.所有坏了的窗户已经修理好了．
Those wishing to join this club should sign her.想加入俱乐部的人在这里签名．
For the first few hundred kilometers of the journey ,the scenery was very colourful
在旅行刚开始的几百公里，风景很美．
background scenery 背景布景mountain scenery山景
词汇联想　　view ,scene, sight ,scenery
典型考题Switzerland was well-known for its impressive mountains_________.
A.scenes B.sights C.scenery D.views
考题分析：答案C .瑞士以其壮丽的山景而著称．Scenery (总称)风景，景色，指自然风光；scene景色，景象指某一处的自然风光；scenery 是由多个scene构成的，景色，所以常翻译为＂风景＂；sight 风景，名胜，用附属形式指人文景观；view 景色、风景是从人的角度，一眼所看到的景色．
Practice
Join the following key words into complete sentences, using the phrase “be willing to”:
1）the top of the mountain, we ,reach, we, a wide plain ,below, come, in view of
___________________________________________________________
2）the ,in the garden, vanish, happy scene, playing, and, it is quiet, again
__________________________________________________
3) laugh at, we, at the sight of, strange clothes, his
_______________________________________________________
Key for reference
1) When we reached the top of the mountain, we came in view of a wide plain below.
2) The happy scene of children playing in the garden vanishes ,and it is quiet again.
3) We laughed at the sight of his strange clothes.

A hundred and fifty years ago, they brought some camels from Afghanistan. Ghan is short for Afghanistan.
150年前他们从阿富汗买了一些骆驼，Ghan是Afghanistan 的简称．
Other phrases:
For short简称， in short 简而言之little short of 几乎不少于，完全不亚于 short and sweet扼要的，直截了当的 short memory 健忘　 short of 缺少，达不到 in the short run 在短时期里
词汇联想：in short ,in brief
典型考题：There is not much time left; so I’ll tell you about it ________.
in all B. in brief C. in detail D. in short
考题分析：答案B. in all 总共；in brief:简单扼要地；in detail 详细地；in short :总之，简单地说
词语辨析：in brief着重突出重点，布拖泥带水．如：there is not much time, so I will tell you about it in brief.．剩下的时间不多了，所以我简单地告诉你有关事宜． in short多用来在较长叙述之后长话短说，带有＂纵上所述＂的意思．如：In short, I am going to live there myself.综上所述，我打算自己住那儿．
IV. Grammar Exploration
Grammar: 分词
1．分词形式：有现在分词和过去分词两种。过去分词只有一种形式，现在分词则有：
一般主动式doing, 一般被动式being done, 完成主动式having done,完成被动式having been done
2．语法功能：在句中作定语、表语、宾补、状语。
3．现在分词和过去分词的区别：
1）语态不同：现在分词表示主动概念，及物动词的过去分词表示被动概念。例如：the moving film 动人的电影，the moved girl 受感动的姑娘，a running machine 一台转动的机器， a stolen car 一辆被盗的汽车
注：关于心理状态动词的－ing形式表主动意，－ed形式表被动意，详见该讲后的专题。
2）时间关系上不同：现在分词表正在进行的动作，过去分词往往表已经完成的动作。
例如：a developing country 发展中的国家，a developed country发达的国家
4．现在分词的基本用法：
一般主动式用法：
A．作定语：The sleeping child is only five years old.(＝The child who is sleeping is…)/The girl writing a letter there can speak English very well.(＝The girl who is writing a letter can…)
The factory making TV sets is very large.(＝The factory which makes TV sets is very large.)
B．作表语：The story sounds very interesting./The news is very exciting.
C．作宾补：学用于see, watch, hear, feel, find, have, keep等动词之后。
例如：We can see steam rising from the wet clothes. /I saw Tom coming out of the house. /Don´t keep the students doing homework all day.
注：上述动词后跟不定式作宾补表示动作的过程，而不是正在进行中的动作，而现在分词作宾补则表示正在进行中的动作。例如：I heard them singing in the room
when I passed it.(singing不可改为sing) Do you often hear them sing in the room ?(sing不可改为singing)
have sb. do sth. 与have sb. doing sth. 的区别：前者have＝let, 后者have 有时表“keep”意，有时表“employ（雇用）”意。如：
I´ll have him go with me.我将让他和我一块去。
I´ll have him working in my compary.我将雇用他在我的公司里工作。
Don´t have the machine working all day .不要让机器整天工作。
D．作状语：
①时间状语：Reading the letter, I couldn´t help thinking of my school life.
②原因状语：Being ill, I didn´t go to school yesterday.
③方式或伴随状语：Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.
2）完成主动式用法：
这种分词所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用，不能作定语用。例如：
Having finished her homework,she went to bed. /Not having received his letter, she wrote to him again.
3）一般被动式用法：
表示正在发生的被动动作，在句中作定语或状语。
例如：The car being repaired is mine.(＝The car which is being repaired is mine.) /Being repaired,the car can´t be used.(＝As/Because it is being repaired,the car can´t be used.)
4）完成被动式用法：
表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作，在句中多作状语，不能作定语。
例如：Having been praised a second time ,I decided to make still greater progress.
5．过去分词的基本用法：
1）作定语：The stolen car was found by the police last week.
2）作表语：The glass is broken. /When I got to the classroom,the door was locked.
get
3）作宾补：You must have your hair cut.

4）作状语：Given more time ,we can do the work much better.
6．独立主格结构：
当分词有它自己的独立主语（不同于句子主语的名词或代词）时，则是一种独立
主格结构形式，在句中作状语、定语等。例如：
The bell ringing, we all stopped talking.(＝When the bell rang,we all stopped talking.) /There being no bus, we had to walk home .(＝There was no bus ,so we had to walk home.)
7．使用现在分词的几个注意点：
(1)作状语用的现在分词，其逻辑主语必须同句中主语为同一人或同一事，例如：
Standing on top of the tall building,we could see the whole city.（正）
(Standing＝When we stood)
Standing on top of the tall building,the whole city could be seen.（误）
Having found the cause, they continued the experiment.（正）（Having found
＝After/When they had found）
Hav