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Unit 7 Foods and drinks
一、重点单詞短語
1. foods and drinks
food指食物的总称時用作不可数名詞；指不一样种类的食物時用作可数名詞。
e.g. I must buy some food for supper.
We have a lot of foods. Fish, meat, chicken, which one would like?
2. 表达“某国人”的名詞的复数变化：
a Chinese→two Chinese 中国人
a Japanese→ three Japanese 曰本人
a Swiss→ four Swiss 瑞士人
an Englishman→ two Englishmen 英国人
a Frenchman→ two Frenchmen 法国人
an American→ two Americans 美国人
an Australian→ two Australians 澳大利亚人
an European→ two Europeans 欧洲人
a German→ two Germans 德国人
中国、曰本和瑞士，复数不需加-s;英国、法国、荷兰人，要把man改成men；
-an,-ian各国人，后边直接加-s；German德国人变复数加-s。
3. popular 受欢迎的；流行的 be popular with 受到……的欢迎
e.g. popular songs
Jay Chou’s songs are popular with young men.
4. have a great time 玩得开心 （=have a good time/enjoy oneself）
e.g. We all had a great time in the park yesterday.
=We all enjoyed ourselves in the park yesterday. 我們昨天在公园玩的很开心。
oneself: myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, themselves, itself
5. help oneself to sth.自用
e.g. He helped himself to the meat. 他自已拿肉吃。
6. cut off 切下
e.g. He cut off a piece of bread and gave it to me. 他切下一片面包給我。
e.g. I will call you as soon as I get back home. 我一回家就給你打电话。
cut … into pieces 把……切成碎片
e.g. She cut the apple into small pieces. 她把苹果切成小块。
7. in different ways 用不一样的措施
e.g. The four boys finished the work in different ways.
和way有关的短語：
on one’s way to 在某人去……的路上
e.g. I met an old friend on my way to company.
注意：on one’s way home 在某人回家的路上
by the way 顺便說一下
e.g. By the way, do you know her?
in that way 用那种措施
e.g. I think you can finish the work in that way.
8. far from 离……远
e.g. He lives far from his school.
My home is not far from the park.
9. as soon as…一……就…… 表达一种动作发生了，另一种动作紧接着发生
e.g. I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back.
注意：as soon as 引导的時间状語从句中，主語是一般未来時，从句用一般目前時表达未来。类似的使用方法尚有if（假如）引导的条件状語从句和when引导的時间状語从句。
e.g. We will visit the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
Tom will play basketball with his friends when he finishes his homework.
10. a little, a few, a bit 一点
a little 修饰不可数名詞，意為“一点”；little修饰不可数名詞，意為“几乎没有”，含否认意义。
e.g. a little water a little milk
There is little food. We should buy some for lunch.
a few 修饰可数名詞，意為“某些”；few修饰可数名詞，意為“几乎没有”，含否认意义。
e.g. a few students a few books
There are a few apples on the desk.
a bit修饰可数名詞需加上of
e.g. a bit of water a bit of milk
not a little相称于very(much)“非常”； not a bit相称于not at all意為“一点儿都不”
e.g. She is not a little tired.=She is very tired.
She is not a bit tired.= She is not tired at all.
11. be good for 对……有好处 be good to…对……好 be good at…擅長于
be bad for…对……不好
e.g. Eating more fruits is good for your health. 多吃水果对你的健康有益。
12. be sure to…一定
e.g. You are sure to win the match. 你一定会赢得比赛的。
13. no wonder 难怪
e.g. No wonder you are so happy today—it’s your birthday today
难怪你今天这样开心——本来今天是你的生曰。
14. start with…以……开始 同义詞：begin with
反义詞：end up with 以……結束
e.g. Miss Green often starts her lessons with an English song.
The party ended up with a music.
15. stop doing sth. 停止做某事
stop to do sth. 停下来做此外一件事
e.g. They were tired and stopped walking.他們累了，没有走了。
They were tired and stopped to have a rest. 他們累了， 停下来休息。
二、重点句型
1. It is time to/for …届時间……；该做某事了
It is time for sb. to do sth. 某人该做某事了
e.g. It is time to go to bed. 该睡觉了
It is time for class. 该上課了。
It is time for us to have a rest. 我們该休息了。
2. Can you help me with…? 能帮我……吗？
e.g. Can you help me with my bag? 能帮我拿下包吗？
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮某人做某事
help sb. with sth. 帮某人某事
e.g. Mary always helps me to learn English.
Mary always helps with my English.
3. one of+复数名詞 其中之一
one of +形容詞最高级+复数名詞
e.g. This is one of my favorite sports.
这是我最喜欢的运动之一。
This is one of the most interesting books.
这是最有趣的书之一。
4. have trouble doing sth. 做某事有苦难
e.g. They had trouble finishing the job.
5. It +be+adj.+for sb.to do sth 对于某人来說做某事是…. adj.為形容事物属性的形容詞
e.g. It is dangerous for you to swim in that river.
辨别：It +be+adj.+of sb.to do sth. 表达某人这样做真是太….了。adj.為形容人的品格的形容詞
e.g. It is kind of you to help me.
6. Thank you very much for your help. 非常感謝你的协助。
thank sb. for (doing) sth. 因某事感謝某人
e.g. Thank you very much for helping me.
7. What’s for supper? 晚饭吃什么？
have sth. for breakfast/lunch/supper 早餐（午餐、晚餐）吃……
e.g. We had fish for lunch yesterday.
8. Would you like some soup? 你想要某些汤吗？
would like意為“想，想要”，与want意义相似，但語气更委婉。would like可与任何人称连用，没有人称和数的变化，肯定句中would常在主語背面缩写為’d。
1. would like sth. “想要某物”。
e.g. — Would you like a cup of tea?
— Yes, please. / No, thanks.
2. would like to do sth. “想要做某事”。如：
e.g.— Would you like to go shopping with me?
— Yes, I’d like to. / I’d like to, but I have to do my homework.
3. would like sb to do sth “想要某人做某事”。如：
e.g. Jim would like his friend to help him with his English.
四、重点語法——目前完毕時
1. for/since；already/yet；ever/never的区别
（1）. for/since的区别
for后常跟一种時间段，如for three years, for half an hour等。
since 作介詞，背面可以接一种時间点，如since 1980；
也可以接“一段時间+ago”，如：since three years ago, since two months ago等；
since 还可用作连詞，引导一种过去時态的時间状語从句。
e.g. We have known each other since we were children.
（2）. already/yet的区别
already，“已经”用于肯定句中，可放句首、句中和句尾。yet意為“还，仍”用于否认句或疑问句中，且常放在句尾。
e.g. I have already finished my work.
I haven’t finished my work yet.
Have you finished you work yet?
（3）. ever /never的区别
ever意為“曾经”，常用句型Have you ever...? 其否认回答常用never。
e.g. Have you ever been to Beijing? (否认回答） Never.
2. 构造：have/has+过去分詞
肯定式：主語+have/has + 过去分詞……
e.g. He has read the story before. 他此前读过这个故事。
否认式：主語+ have/has +not +过去分詞……
e.g. I haven’t found my bag. 我还没找到我的包。
疑问式：Have/Has +主語+过去分詞……？
—Have you read the book before?你此前读过那本书吗？
—Yes, I have.是的，我读过。(肯定回答)
—No, I haven’t.不，还没有。（否认回答）
3. 時态意义：
(1) 表达过去发生或已经完毕的动作对目前产生的影响或是导致的后果；这時常与already，just，yet等詞连用。
e.g. He has just gone out. 他刚出去。
I have already finished my homework. 我已经完毕我的家庭作业。
Have you seen film yet? 你看过那部电影了吗？
(2) 表达过去已经开始，持续到目前的动作或状态。常与never，ever等次连用。
e.g. He has never been late for work. 他上班从没迟到。
—Have you ever climbed that mountain? 你爬过那座山吗？
—Yes, several times. 是的，爬过几次。
4. 和一般过去式的使用方法区别
这两个時态都阐明过去已经发生的事情。目前完毕時表达的动作与目前有关系或对目前有影响；而一般过去只表达过去的的事，与目前没什么联络。当句中有明确的过去的時间状語的時候，只能用一般过去時。
e.g. I have finished the work and I can have a rest now.
我完毕了工作，目前能休息了。
I finished my work yesterday.
我昨天完毕了工作。
注意：常和目前完毕時运用的時间状語有lately, recently, in the past few years, these few years, these days, up to now, so far等，而不能和yesterday, last week, in , three days ago 等表达过去時间的状語连用。
练习
一、 单詞拼写。
1. Eating too much c_______ is bad for your teeth.
2. In Japan, some people like eating f_______ fish.
3. If you want to keep health, you should form good eating h__________.
4. Chinese food has become p_________ in American in recent years.
5. All the w_________ in the restaurant are very kind to customer.
6. In China, most people eat with ___________.（筷子）
7. The Europeans usually use a k________ and a f________ to eat steak.
8. The grapes are ___________ (生的), you had better not eat it.
9. We visited Mr. Li yesterday. The h___________, Mrs. Li, cooked some delicious food for us.
10. Every child in my family has a ________ （各自的）room.
二、 翻译詞组。
1. 不一样的措施__________________ 2. 切下_____________________
3. 自用____________________ 4. 玩得开心__________________
5. 把……切成碎片____________________ 6. 难怪____________________
7. 一……就____________________ 8. 以……开始___________________
二、单项选择
( ) 1. The students hurried to school _____ the bell rang.
A. until B. as soon as C. if D. so that
( ) 2. Watching TV too much is not good _____ your eyes.
A. for B. to C. on D. at
( ) 3. Come on, children. _____ to some fish if you like.
A. help themselves B. help yourself
C. help yourselves D. help themselves
( ) 4. —I’m hungry.
—Let’s go to the nearest supermarket _____ some food.
A. buy B. to buy C. bought D. have bought
( ) 5. She sometimes comes to my house and helps me _____ my English.
A. at B. with C. to D. on
( ) 6. My teacher _____ us three songs already. She ______ one last week.
A. has taught; taught B. teaches; teaches
C. will teach; has taught D. taught; taught
( ) 7. —Where is Tom? Do you know?
—I think he _____ to the library.
A. has gone B.goes C. has been D. went
( ) 8. —I am afraid your radio is too noisy.
—Sorry, I’ll _____.
A. turn it off B.turn down it
C. turn off it D. turn it on
( ) 9. I have finished my homework _____.
A. yet B. too C. already D. then
( ) 10. Uncle Wang has worked in this factory _____ ten years ago.
A. in B. for C. since D. after
( ) 11. Zhao Fang _____ already _____ in the school for two years.
A. was; studying B. will study
C. has; studied D. are; studying
( ) 12. Did you enjoy _____ at the party, John?
A. himself B. yourselves C. herself D. yourself
( ) 13. —What about having some coffee?
—_____.
A. Help yourself B. Good idea
C. I want D. It doesn’t matter
( ) 14. Eating too many sweets _____ bad _____ your teeth.
A. is; for B. are; for C. is; to D. are; to
( ) 15. Chinese like tea _____ anything in it.
A. with B. without C. has D. hasn’t
三、用already, yet, ever, never, since, for填空。
1. He has worked in that factory ______ it opened 20 years ago.
2. I’m not hungry. I have _____ had breakfast.
3. —Have you _____ been to the Great Wall?
—Yes, I have been here twice.
4. I have _____ been to Paris, so I want to go there for the first time.
5. I have waited for the bus for half an hour, but it hasn’t arrived _____.
6. We have studied English _____ about two years.
四、根据中文意思完毕句子。（没空一詞）
1. 我們彼此认识了。
We _____ _____ each other _____ _____ ______.
2. 他自从离开学校，就在这间工厂工作。
He _____ _____ in this factory _____ he _____ school.
3. 我已经把书还給图书馆了。
I _____ _____ ______ the books to the library.
4. 他們历来没見过这样高的房子。
They _____ _____ _____ such a high building.
5. 汤姆还没完毕他的作业。
Tom _____ ______ his homework _____.
【附】 动詞过去式，过去分詞的变化
1 、规则动詞：规则动詞的过去分詞的构成规则与规则动詞的过去式的构成规则相似。
(1) 一般动詞，直接在詞尾加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited
(2) 以不发音“ e ”結尾的动詞，在詞尾加“ d ”。live---lived---lived ,
(3) 以“辅音字母 + y ”結尾的动詞，将 “y” 变為 “i” ，再加“ ed ”。 cry---cried---cried
(4) 重读闭音节結尾，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。stop---stopped---stopped,
2 、不规则动詞：
AAA型
原型 过去式 过去分詞
burst burst burst
cast cast cast
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
hit hit hit
hurt hurt hurt
put put put
set set set
shut shut shut
spread spread spread
let let let
read /ri:d/ read /red/ read /red/
AAB型
beat beat beaten
ABA型
become became become
run ran run
come came come
ABB型
bring brought brought
buy bought bought
build built built
burn burnt burnt
catch caught caught
dig dug dug
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
feed fed fed
get got got
hang hung hung
hear heard heard
hold held held
keep kept kept
lay laid laid
lead led led
lose lost lost
leave left left
lend lent lent
make made made
mean meant meant
meet met met
pay paid paid
sell sold sold
shoot shot shot
say said said
sit sat sat
stand stood stood
shine shone shone
sweep wept swept
sleep slept slept
teach taught taught
tell told told
think thought thought
win won won
ABC型
begin began begun
blow blew blown
break broke broken
choose chose chosen
draw drew drawn
drive drove driven
drink drank drunk
fly flew flown
forgive forgave forgiven
forget forgot forgotten
freeze froze frozen
give gave given
grow grew grown
know knew known
ride rode ridden
rise rose risen
ring rang rung
shake shook shaken
sing sang sung
swim swam swum
throw threw thrown
write wrote written
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