初三英语Unit 8 (2) 北师大版知识精讲.doc

初三英语Unit 8 (2) 北师大版
【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Unit 8 (2)

二. 教学重点：
1、祈使句
2、被动语态
3、课内知识点

三. 具体内容：
（一）祈使句：
肯定结构：
1. Do 型（即：动词原形（＋宾语）＋其他成分）
Please have a seat here.
2. Be 型（即：be＋表语＋其他成分）
Be a good boy!
3. Let 型（即：let ＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他成分）
Let me help you.

否定结构：
1. Do 型和Be 型的否定形式都是在句首加don’t构成.
Don’t forget me!
2. Let 型的否定形式有两种: Don’t ＋ let ＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他成分
let ＋宾语＋not＋动词原形＋其他成分
Don’t let him go./ Let him not go.
3.有些可用 no 开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句.
No smoking!
No fishing!

祈使句的反意疑问句：
1. 祈使句为肯定句式，其反意疑问句表示请求时，用will you, 表示邀请、劝说时，用won’t you.
Be sure to write to us, will you?
Come to have dinner with us this evening, won’t you?
2. 祈使句为否定句式，反意疑问句用will you.
Don’t smoke in the meeting room, will you?
3. let 开头的祈使句在构成反意疑问句时，除let’s用shall we外，其他都用will you.
Let the boy go first, will you?
Let’s take a walk after supper, shall we?

（二）被动语态：
1. 一般现在时：am/is/are +done
The book is read by children.
2. 一般过去时：was/were +done
He was taken to the hospital yesterday.
3. 一般将来时：will be +done/ be going to be +done
The strawberry will be frozen in three hours.
Dinner is going to be cooked at 6 o’clock.
4. 情态动词+be+ done
The meat should be kept in a fridge.
注意：
1、带双宾语的主动句子变为被动语态时只能将一个宾语变为主语。
We are taught English by her.
English is taught to us by her.
The coat was bought for me.
2、主动语态不带to的不定式变被动语态要还原to.
The boss made him work over 12 hours a day.
He was made to work over 12 hours a day.
3、短语动词用于被动语态应作为一个整体，不能分开。
The meeting has been put off.

（三） 语言点：
1. keep away from 远离
Mother told him to keep away from drugs.
妈妈让他远离毒品。
2. short-cut 捷径
Don’t take short-cuts through empty buildings or parking lots.
不要从空旷的大楼或停车场那里抄近路。
3. avoid doing… 避免做……
They all avoid mentioning that name.
他们都在避免提到那个名字。
4. knock down 撞倒，击倒
Jim knocked down a little girl when he was running in the street.
吉姆在街上跑时撞倒了一个小女孩。

Unit 8 词组/短语
1. encourage sb. to do 2. stand for
3. be based on 4. according to
5. 参加 6. do a survey
7. take short-cuts 8. 即使
9. in hospital 10. keep safe
11. pick sb. up 12. send to
13. knock down 14. all the way

课堂练习：
一、单选
1. –Is that your bike?
--No, it isn’t _____________. But I will buy one like that.
A. hers B. her C. mine D. my
2. –I’m sorry. I didn’t win the race yesterday.
--That’s OK. You ___________ win every time.
A. can’t B. must C. can D. mustn’t
3. –who is that man over there?
--He is our new teacher, and he will teach _________ English this term.
A. we B. our C. us D. ours
4. –What’s the weather like tomorrow?
--The radio says it is going to be even __________.
A. bad B. worse C. worst D. badly
5. My mother hates __________. So no one in my family smokes.
A. smoke B. smokes C. smoking D. to smoke
6. He was made ____ 12 hours a day.
A. work B. worked C. working D. to work
7. People usually plant trees _________ April.
A. in B. on C. at D. from
8. Lily didn’t go to school today ___________she is ill.
A. if B. before C. until D. because
9. --______ uncle Wang ______ to the hospital, wasn’t he?
--Yes, because he was badly ill.
A. has, sent B. was, sending C. was, sent D. hasn’t, sent
10. Mother’s Day will come soon. Why ____________ some flowers for your mother?
A. not to buy B. not buy C. don’t buy D. to not buy
11. The driver must_________ from driving so fast, or serious accident will happen.
A. stop B. have stopped C. be stopped D. be stopping
12. The kind girl treats the old man______________ her own father.
A. as B. for C. from D. with
13. With the money ___________ he had saved, he went on with his studies.
A. that B. what C. who D. where
14. –Jack, please don’t look out of the window.
--_______________.
A. It’s right. B. I know that.
C. Sorry, I won’t do it again. D. It doesn’t matter.
15. _______________ picture books in class, please.
A. Not read B. No read C. Not reading D. Don’t read
16. Let’s go hiking this Sunday, ________________________?
A. shall we B. will you C. don’t D. can’t you
17. The little boy swam ___________ the wide river quickly.
A. across B. cross C. through D. on
18. My uncle has just bought a house________ a small garden in front of it.
A. of B. with C. near D. in
19. My uncle enjoys TV after supper.
A. watching B. watcher C. watched D. to watch
20. _________ away this dirty shirt, and bring me a clean one.
A. Pick B. Bring C. Carry D. Take

二、完成句子
1. 他的话使我想了很久。
His words _______________________________ for a long time.
2. 他喜欢参加课外活动。
He likes _______________________ free time activities.
3. 我们从周一到周五上学。
We go to school ____________________________________.
4. 学生们已经学了1000多个单词。
The students have learned ________________________________.
5. 如果明天有时间的话，我将去书店。
I’ll go to the bookstore ______________________________________.
6. 雨停了他才回家。
He _____________________________________ the rain stops.
7. 你喜欢哪件上衣，红的还是蓝的？
_______________________________________________, the red one or the blue one?
8. 他昨天告诉我他喜欢玩电脑游戏。
Yesterday he told me that ________________________________________.
9. 你离开时务必关窗子。
____________________________________ you close the window when you leave.
10. 天黑了，你最好回家吧。
It’s dark now, ____________________________.

【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟）
I. 用括号里词的适当形式填空。
1. Don’t (be) late for class.
2. The boy left home yesterday. He is still (miss)now.
3. Please listen to (he) carefully.
4. Don’t make a noise. Our teachers (have) a meeting.
5. I saw a pair of glasses (lie) on the desk.
6. English is （wide） used all over the world.
7. Be (care) not to break the window.
8. Take the second (turn) on the left.
9. He took my dictionary away without (tell) me.
10. There is (little) water in this glass than in that one.

II. 完形填空。
When learning new vocabulary, don’t just memorize a list of words. Instead, try to 1
Five sentences using each new word. Then use the new word as often as you can 2 day you learn it. This 3 you will remember new words much longer.
Practicing sound, you know, is 4 --the “th” sound for example. Choose words that begin 5 “th” and repeat them over and over again 6 you are comfortable with them. Let’s try! This, that, those, think, thought, through, thin, thick…
Read , read, read, --in English, of course! Reading is one of the best ways to increase your vocabulary 7 improve your grammar in a natural and fun way. Be 8 to choose topic or books you are interested in .
When someone is talking in English, 9 the main point. If you hear a word, you don’t understand, ignore it and go on listening. If you stop and think about the word, you will 10 everything else the person is saying.
Always remember –Practice makes perfect.
( ) 1. A. say B. make C. remember D. speak
( ) 2. A. the first B. the second C. each D. some
( ) 3. A. day B. time C. way D. word
( ) 4. A. difficult B. terrible C. funny D. easy
( ) 5. A. with B. from C. at D. in
( ) 6. A. when B. after C. until D. since
( ) 7. A. but B. so C. or D. and
( ) 8. A. quick B. sure C. important D. necessary
( ) 9. A. look for B. see C. listen for D. hear
( ) 10. A. miss B. guess C. get D. catch

试题答案
I. 1. be 2. missing 3. him 4. are having 5. lying
6. widely 7. careful 8. turning 9. telling 10. less

II. 1~5 BACAA 6~10 CDBCA