现代大学英语听力1_课堂听力Unit_13.docx

Unit 13Task 1【答案】Mr. Jones: getting a lot of headaches; feeling tired all the time Doctor: nothing much wrong smoke rather a lot: worry about his work not get enough exercise: always too busy eat too much: always hungrySmoke fewer cigarettes.Take more exercise.Eat less.Dont worry about your health too much.Whatswrong?Why does Mr. Jones.?What is the advice of the doctor?【原文】Mr. Jones has gone to the doctor s because he does not feel very well. What advice does the doctor give him?Mr. Jones: Good morning, doctor.Doctor: Good morning Mr. erm. Jones. Now what can I do for you?Mr. Jones: Well. Im not sure exactly. But I dont feel very well. I get a lot of headaches and I feel tired all the time.Doctor: I see. Now, these headaches. Do you smoke?Mr. Jones: Yes. I smoke rather a lot. About forty cigarettes a day. Thats because I worryabout my work, you see.Doctor: Hm. And what about exercise?Mr. Jones: Well, I dont get very much. Im always too busy.Doctor: Hm. You dont look very fit, do you? How much do you weigh?Mr. Jones: Im not sure. About a hundred kilos, I think. Perhaps I eat too much, but Im alwayshungry!Doctor: Hm. Well now, Mr. Jones. Theres nothing much wrong with you. If I were you though, Id take more exercise, eat less and smoke fewer cigarettes. Better still, stop smoking completely! Thats my advice to you.Mr. Jones: But arent you going to give me any medicine, doctor?Doctor: Medicine? You dont need medicine! Just less food, fewer cigarettes and more exercise. Thats all you need. And dont worry about your health so much. If you worry about your health, youll make yourself ill!Task 2【答案】A.1) b, 2) a, 3) b, 4) a, 5) bB.City Trend of Population Growth Percentage (%)New York City down 11Chicago down 12Philadelphia down 14Pittsburgh down 18Washington D.C. down 16San Jose up 24Phoenix up 33Houston up 26El Paso up 31Ft Lauderdale up 10Virginia Beach up 52C.jobs, builders, teachers, salespeople, smaller cities, crime, traffic jam, pollution, a warmer climate, the cold, the sun【原文】Every ten years the United States conducts a census of the population. A census is a count of the people who live in a city or country. Every family receives a form with questions about family size, income, jobs, etc. They answer questions such as: How many people are there in your family? Do you live in a house or in an apartment? How long have you been living there? Where did you live before this? Where do you work? How much money do you make? The government uses all this information to get a better picture of its citizens.The last census was in 1980. The population of the United States is now 226,500,000, up by 23 million people from 1970. In 1970, the population was 203,000,000.The census shows that some areas of the United States are declining in population while other areas are growing. In the past, more people lived in the Northeast and North Central areas. But this is changing. Now, more people live in the South than in any other area. People are moving from the North to the South and the West. The population of northern cities is down from 1970. For example, the population of New York City is down 11 percent, the population of Chicago is down 12 percent. In Pennsylvania, the population of Philadelphia is down 14 percent and the population of Pittsburgh is down 18 percent. Washington D.C. has almost 16 percent less people. At the same time that northern cities are declining, southern and western cities are growing. The population of San Jose is up 24 percent. Phoenix is up 33 percent. In Texas, Houston is up 26 percent and El Paso is up 31 percent. In Florida, the population of Ft Lauderdale is up 10 percent. The population of Virginia Beach is up 52 percent.Why are people leaving the North? Why are they moving to the South and West? The main reason is jobs. Because the South and West are growing, theres a need for more builders, teachers, salespeople, etc. Another reason is today more and more people are choosing smaller cities. Theyre tired of crime, traffic jams, and pollution. Finally, people say they are looking for a warmer climate. They are moving away from the cold, toward the sun.Task 3【答案】1) F, 2) T, 3) F, 4) T, 5) F【原文】Tim and Tina spent two weeks at Grimm s farm. Later they spoke to a reporter about their time at the farm.Reporter: Well, Tim. Youve tried to live like an Iron Age man. Did you learn much about IronAge life?Tim: Oh, yes. I learned a lot! I learned that it was a hard life in those days. We had to work really hard. We got very tired. Those Iron Age people were really strong.Reporter: But they didnt have to use their brains very much, did they? I mean, people werentvery clever in those days, were they?Tim: Oh, yes they were! Thats the most important thing that we learned. People in those days didnt go to school, and they couldnt read or write, but they werent stupid. They learned from one another. They knew a lot about plants and animals. They could do a lot of things that we cant do very well. They could build houses. They could make tools and pots, and they could make fire, too without matches, I mean. When we tried to do things like that we werent very successful at all. We felt verystupid!Reporter: What about you, Tina? What did you think of Iron Age life? What was it like? Did you enjoy it?Tina: Well, yes and no. In some ways it was fun. But in some ways it was very difficult, and rather boring. The best thing was that I made some very good friends. Everyone in our group was very friendly. We felt very close to each other. We shared everything food, work, ideas. But life isnt easy with no gas or electricity, no machines and no bathrooms, either. I was glad to get back to civilization!Task 4【答案】1) They used to build camps in the forest or on open ground.2) They were made of branches and leaves or grass.3) Because they wanted to find more food.4) Life is a lot easier. There are fewer dangers, but there is less excitement.5) Because they try to get back to nature.【原文】Human beings have lived on this earth for at least two million years. For most of that time people did not live in towns. Sometimes they used to camp in caves. Sometimes they used to build camps in the forest or on open ground. These camps were just groups of simple houses that were made of branches and leaves or grass.Only about thirty people lived in each camp. The men used to go hunting while the women and children collected food from the trees and other plants around the camp. All the food was shared between everyone in the group. Every a few weeks they moved to another place in order to find more food there. It was a simple life, but people had to be clever. They had to make everything that they needed, and they had to know a lot about plants and animals. Mans body and brain were formed by this kind of life.Nowadays a lot of people live in big towns and cities, and they work in offices and factories. Life is a lot easier than it was in the old days. There are fewer dangers, but there is less excitement. Most people do not have to hunt for food, but they have to stay in one place for most of their lives. They get some excitement from sport and films, but many of them feel that modern civilization is too unnatural. A few of them go looking for adventure sailing round the world, climbing mountains, or exploring caves. Most people look forward to the holidays, because then they can enjoy a change. A lot of them go camping in the country, or by the sea. They try to get back tonature. They try to live as people did thousands of years ago. But they also take a lot of modern luxuries with them. Camping today is very different from camping in the old days.Task 5【答案】l) Because windsurfing is more exhilarating than swimming, and you can get away from it all/you can be alone with nature.2) Hes an opera singer.3) They are rather amused.4) Social tennis.5) Line decisions and the score.6) Because she is now engaged in politics.7) Because when you are playing it, you cant think of anything else/your are totally absorbed in the game; and you feel very happy when you do a really good shot.8) The muffed shot at the net.【原文】AI think windsurfing is better than swimming. More exhilarating. You can really get away from it all. I love being alone with nature, and when youre out there on the water you can come around a headland and suddenly find that you re completely alone. Just me and the sea and the mind in my hair. Once, when I was working in San Diego, I suddenly felt Id had enough of opera studying the role and the stuffiness of the rehearsal rooms and found going out windsurfing a tremendous escape.I think most of my singer colleagues are rather amused by the idea of me windsurfing. However, these days, at least 50 percent of singers keep physically fit in some way playing golf, or working out in gyms. A few years ago they tended to be a lot fatter, but now they are conscious of the need to keep fit.BSocial tennis is what I like best. Playing doubles with about eight regular friends for fun. It s generally a noisy, boisterous kind of game, with constant shouts of frustration.We have long, loud arguments about line decisions, followed up by long arguments about the score. Were all pretty aggressive, and I think I make it worse, actually. I have noticed that since I entered politics my game has got a lot more aggressive, and I am very argumentative about the score.The wonderful thing about tennis is that when you are playing it, you can t think of anything else. Your mind is totally absorbed in the game. And when you do that really good shot the elation is incredible. On the other hand, however, there is probably no frustration greater than the muffed shot at the net.Task 6【答案】A.1) F, 2) F, 3) F, 4) T, 5) TB.take diet, developed, food, hamburgers, overproduction, wax-like, livers, survival, narrower, blood supply, heart attack, stroke, animal fats, fresh fruit, vegetables, potatoesbegin slowly, squash, injuries, rhythmic, gentle, brisk walking, fifteen minutes, three times【原文】Dr. Martin Answay writes a column in a popular womens magazine on health problems. He is also an expert on heart disease.Q: Is there a secret to good health? I mean, is there some way we can achieve it which is not generally known?A: It certainly isnt a secret. However, there is a great deal of ignorance, even among supposedly educated people, about how to be reasonably healthy.Q: Well, what advice do you give, then?A: Uh. to begin with, take diet. I believe that one of the greatest dangers to health in Britain and other countries, particularly developed countries, is the kind of food we tend to prefer.Q: Such as?A: Such as that great national institution, the British breakfast, for example. Ham and eggs. Or the kind of lunch so many people in this country have: sausage and chips! Or all the convenience foods like hamburgers. Or even things we regard as “healthy”, such as full-fat milk. Or Cheddar cheese. The list is endless.Q: Whats wrong with those things?A: The excessive consumption of such things leads to the overproduction of cholesterol, which in turn results in heart atta.Q: Excuse me, but what exactly is cholesterol?A: Its a. wax -like substance.yellowish. and its produced naturally in our livers. We all need some cholesterol for survival.Q: Well, if we need it, in what way is it bad for us?A: Too much of it is bad for us. It builds up in our arteries, causing them to get narrower, so that our blood supply has difficulty in getting through, and this, of course, can eventually end in a heart attack or stroke. The point Im trying to make here is that, even though we all need some cholesterol in order to insulate our nerves, and to produce cell membranes and hormones, the things many of us eat and even consider healthy lead to the overproduction of cholesterol. And this is very dangerous.Q: How can we avoid this overproduction of cholesterol?A: By cutting down our consumption of animal fats: things like red meat, cheese, eggs, and so on. And by increasing our consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables, and also by eating more potatoes, rice, pasta and bread.Q: Pasta? Potatoes? But. arent such things fattening?A: Nonsense. It isnt pasta, potatoes or bread that makes us fat. Its what we put on such things! Cheese, butter, meat!Q: So anything we like, anything thats delicious, is bad for us. Isnt that what youre saying?A: Rubbish! Im simply saying we eat too much of these things. And there are many ways of preparing delicious food without using such large quantities of animal fats.Q: Last of all, what about exercise? You recently warned against certain forms of exercise, which you said could be dangerous.A: What I said was that if people arent used to getting regular and vigorous exercise, they should begin slowly, and not try to do too much at the beginning! I also said that certain games, such as squash, can be dangerous, particularly if you arent used to playing them. A number ofinjuries are due to sudden, twisting movements that games like squash involve. Q: What kinds of exercise do you recommend, then?A: Gentle jogging, swimming, cycling, brisk walking exercise that is rhythmic and gentle, and above all, sustained. That is, done for at least fifteen minutes uninterruptedly at least three times a week. We all need such exercise, and the fact is that far too few of us get enough of it, particularly if we live in large cities and regularly use cars.Task 7【答案】A.1) To be awakened at an unearthly hour from a