初三英语Unit 5Topic 1Section A and B湘教版.doc

初三英语Unit 5 Topic 1 Section A and B湘教版

【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Unit 5: Learning about China.
Topic 1: Could you tell me something about the places that you visited?
Section A and B

二. 重点、难点：
（一）单词：
attract 吸引，引起
tourist 旅行者
fetch （去）取（物）来
guide 指南，手册，向导
introduce 介绍，引见
province 省份
plateau 高原
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 青藏高原
Potala Palace 布达拉宫
Jokhang Temple 大昭寺
above 在……的上面
surround 围绕，包围
attraction 向往的地方，有吸引力的事
tourist attraction 旅游胜地
pagoda 宝塔
Leifeng Pagoda 雷锋塔
scenery 风景，自然景观
surrounding 周围的，周边的
location 地点，位置，定位

（二）词组：
a number of 一些，许多
lie in 位于
have fun 玩得开心
come true 实现
so … that 如此……以至于……
not only …but also 不仅……而且
句子：
1. There are many places of interest which attract millions of tourists from all over the world every year.
2. There are a great number of rivers in China.
3. Among them, the Yangtze River is the longest one and the second longest is the Yellow River.
4. If you want to know more, I can fetch you Guide to China. It’s a book which introduces China in detail.
5. It’s Mount Tai that/which lies in Shandong Province.
6. They made us surprised and excited.
7. Yes, they are well worth visiting.
8. That’s the most fantastic place that I have ever heard of .
9. The scenery is so attractive that visitors often lose themselves in it.
10. West Lake has become famous not only because of its special scenery but also because of some beautiful poems that were written mainly by Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo.

（三）语法知识：
定语从句：
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who，whom，whose，that，which等。
关系副词有：when，where，why等。
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
（1）who，whom，that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
（2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
（3）which，that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：
A prosperity （兴隆，繁荣，旺盛）which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语）
The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语）

2. 关系代词that 的用法
（1）不用that的情况
（a）在引导非限定性定语从句时。
（错）The tree，that is four hundred years old，is very famous here.
（b）介词后不能用。
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
（2）只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
（a）在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
（b）在不定代词，如：anything，nothing，the one，all，much，few，any，little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
（c）先行词有the only，the very修饰时，只用that。
（d）先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。
（e）先行词既有人，又有物时。
举例：
All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油问题。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。

【典型例题】
例1. This is the very watch _______ I have been looking for.
A. which B. that C. who D. whom

例2. Finally, the old man contributed everything ____ he had in his life.
A. which B. what C. whatever D. that

例3. This dictionary, ___ cost me 42 yuan, was lost.
A. which B. that C. for which D. to which
Keys: 1. B 2. D 3. A

【模拟试题】（答题时间：45分钟）
1. The place _______interested me most was the Children’s Palace.
A. which B. where C. what D. in which
2. Do you know the man _______?
A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke
3. This is the hotel _______last month.
A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed
C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed
4. Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
A. which B. that C. when D. on which
5. That is the day ______I’ll never forget.
A. which B. on which C. in which D. when
6. The factory ______we’ll visit next week is not far from here.
A. where B. to which C. which D. in which
7. Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.
A. where B. that C. which D. there
8. This is one of the best films _______.
A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown
C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked
9. Can you lend me the book ______the other day?
A. about which you talked B. which you talked
C. about that you talked D. that you talked
10. The pen ______he is writing is mine.
A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which
11. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.
A. whom B. who C. which D. that
12. The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.
A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom
13. It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?
A. who B. who’s C. which D. whose
14. I’m interested in ______you have said.
A. all that B. all what C. that D. which
15. I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.
A. which B. who C. what D. as
16. He isn’t such a man ______he used to be.
A. who B. whom C. that D. as
17. He is good at English, ______we all know.
A. that B. as C. whom D. what
18. Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.
A. I went with B. with whom I went
C. with who I went D. I went with him
19. I don’t like ______ as you read.
A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels
20. He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.
A. which B. that C. whom D. what
21. The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.
A. which B. that C. whom D. who
22. In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.
A. them B. which C. whom D. who
23. You’re the only person ______I’ve ever met ______could do it.
A. who;/ B. /; whom C. whom;/ D. /; who
24. I lost a book, ______I can’t remember now.
A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that
25. Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.
A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what

试题答案
1. A. which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。
2. C. “和谁讲话”要说speak to sb. 本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to. 。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。
3. D. where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
4. C. when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
5. A. which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。
6. C. 解析同第5题。
7. A. 解析见第3题。
8. A. 本句话的先行词应该是films，因此，关系代词that是复数概念，其谓语动词应用复数的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则the one应该视为先行词。
9. A. “谈到某事物”应说talk about sth. 。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。
10. A. with which是“介词+关系代词”结构，常用来引导定语从句。with有“用”的意思，介词之后只能用which，不能用that. with which在定语从句中作状语，即he is writing with a pen.
11. C. in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse. In front of which在从句中作状语。
12. D. with whom引导定语从句. with whom放在从句中即为：my father works with the engineer.
13. D. whose引导定语从句，在从句中作主语family的定语。
14. A. that引导定语从句，因为先行词是all，所以只能选用that引导。
15. D. the same… as是固定用法，as引导定语从句时，可以作主语，宾语或表语。在本句话中，as作从句的主语。
16. D. such…as是固定用法，as引导定语从句时，可以作主语，宾语或表语。在本题中，as作表语。
17. B. as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中，as作宾语。
18. B. Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句，with whom I went to the concert是定语从句。with whom放在从句中为：I went to the concert with Li Ming.
19. C. as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。such修饰单数名词时，要用such a…，本题中such books，such直接修饰复数名词。
20. B. things和persons是先行词。当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人，又表示物的名词时，其关系代词要用that。
21. D. who引导非限制性定语从句，who作从句的主语。
22. C. two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.
23. D. 先行词person后有两个定语从句，第一个从句省略了关系代词whom. 因为，whom作从句中met的宾语，可以省略。第二个从句who could do it. who在从句中作主语，不可省略。
24. A. whose title引导非限制性定语从句，whose title也可以说成the title of which
25. A. for which 引导定语从句，使用介词for，是来自于从句中的固定短语 be famous for “以……而闻名”。