2015年人教版八年级英语上册Unit7词汇语法句型及练习题(9份)词汇点睛.doc

词汇点睛
一、基础词汇。
1.纸 2.污染（n.） 3.污染（v.）
4.预言 5.未来 6.环境
7.行星 8.地球 9.种植
10.和平 11.海洋 12.天空
二、重点词汇讲解。
1.paper
paper为不可数名词，一张纸表示为“a piece of paper”,两张纸表示为“two pieces of paper”.
2. pollute, pollution
pollute为动词“污染”，pollution为不可数名词“污染”。
Eg：I hope there will be less pollution.
The water was polluted by refuse from the factory.
3. plant
plant可作名词“植物”，也可作动词“种植，栽种”。
Eg: They are planting trees on the hill.
4.peace
peace为名词“和平”，其形容词形式是在后面+ful,“peaceful”意为“和平的，宁静的”。
Eg: China will be at peace with all countries.
5. more, fewer, less
more意为“更多的”，是many和much的比较级，后面常接可数名词的复数形式，fewer为“few”的比较级，意为“更少的”，后接可数名词的复数形式，“less”为“little”的比较级，后接不可数名词。
Eg: more trees, fewer cars, more free time, less pollution.
6. spend
(1)spend为动词“花费”，常构成词组spend+时间/金钱+on sth和spend+时间/金钱+（in）+doing sth.
Eg: The man spent ￥5000 buying a bike.
(2)take也为动词“花费”，常构成词组It takes sb sometime to do sth.
Eg: It takes me half an hour to walk to school.
(3)cost
cost动词“花费”，主语通常为物。
Eg: The book cost him $50.
(4)pay
pay为动词“支付”，常和介词for构成固定词组。
Eg: I paid twenty yuan for the dictionary.
7. hope
(1)hope为动词“希望，期望”，后面常接动词不定式和that从句。
Eg: I hope to see you soon.
The teacher hoped that the students would learn English well.
(2)hope还可作名词“希望，信心”。
Eg: We have a hope of success.
(3)hope还可加上ful构成形容词“hope+ful”，意为“有希望的”，加上“less”构成“hopeless”意为“绝望的”。
Eg: I am hopeful of success.
The job is a hopeless case.

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